Measures to strengthen students' mental health education in the work of class teachers.
Primary and secondary school students are in an important period of physical and mental development. In the new era, class teachers should fully understand the importance of strengthening students' mental health education, and use relevant psychological education methods and means with a positive and serious attitude according to the characteristics of primary and secondary school students' physical and mental development.
Keywords: class teacher; Strengthen; Students; mental health
? Teachers should be psychologists? This is the new requirement of modern education for teachers. Does the development of modern education need teachers? It is not only the transmitter of human culture, but also the shaper and defender of students' mental health? . In the new period, the head teacher, as the main implementer of quality education and moral education, should fully understand the educational importance of strengthening students' mental health, use scientific psychological education methods and means according to the laws and characteristics of primary and secondary school students' physical and mental development, and strengthen the guidance of primary and secondary school students' mental health with a positive and serious attitude, which is the need of students' healthy growth and the need of promoting quality education. Primary and secondary school students are in an important period of physical and mental development. With the development of physiological psychology, the expansion of social experience and the change of thinking mode, especially in the face of the pressure of social competition, they have all kinds of pressures from school parents and society in study, life, interpersonal communication, further education, employment and self-awareness, which will produce all kinds of psychological puzzles or problems and affect their healthy growth.
At present, the common psychological problems of primary and secondary school students are as follows:
First, psychological problems related to learning
Psychological problems related to study usually include: study fatigue, poor academic performance, weariness of learning, etc.
(1) study fatigue.
Study fatigue is related to many factors, such as the intensity of students' physical quality study, the duration of study, and the emotional changes of students. , may cause or aggravate the cause of study fatigue. In order to prevent study fatigue, the head teacher should consult with the teachers of all subjects and arrange the courses scientifically. The teachers' methods should be flexible, intuitive and interesting, combine lectures with practice, speak in class, digest in class and leave less homework.
(2) Poor academic performance.
Poor academic performance of students means that their academic performance is often significantly lower than the general level of students of the same age. These students are often criticized by teachers and reprimanded by their parents because they can't keep up with the progress of their classes and can't complete the teaching tasks stipulated in the syllabus, and it is easy for them to feel inferior and give up on themselves. Rebellious and tired of learning. The famous bosom sister Lu Qin once said: The power of love is an important power of education. ? A scientist said:? After exploring space and conquering nature, human beings will eventually find themselves with a greater ability, that is, the power of love. When this day comes, human civilization will enter a new era. ? She also decided to give love to her children, that is, to look at them with loving eyes, which is the nutrient solution for their growth; Face the child with a loving smile, which is the language of love; Encouraging children with the language of love can cultivate children who know how to love; Mobilize children with the desire for love; Infect children with the details of love; Restrain children with the discipline of love; Embrace the child with loving arms; Return the opportunity of love to children; I believe that as long as there is love in my heart and I persist in paying, there will always be returns. ?
(3) Tired of learning.
Students who are tired of learning are not interested in learning. They either look around and doze off in class, or steal to read extra-curricular books, play with toys, play with mobile phones and send messages on them. Some simply play truant. In view of these situations, the class teacher can't give up these students, but strive to cultivate their lofty aspirations of studying hard and let students understand that knowledge is power. The competition in today's society is the competition of knowledge and motivation.
Second, the problem of interpersonal imbalance.
Interpersonal obstacles include parent-child tension, teacher-student tension, and classmate contradiction. It can also be manifested as difficulties in interpersonal communication, lack of friendship and loneliness. In order to maintain students' mental health and improve their interpersonal skills, it is necessary to cultivate students' excellent personality, correct their interpersonal cognition and cultivate their interpersonal skills.
Third, psychological problems in adolescent sexual development.
Many students are at a loss about their sexual psychological changes, some are confused or afraid of their sexual psychological changes, and some even lead to psychological obstacles, especially puppy love is very unfavorable to students' physical and mental health. In view of these psychological problems, the class teacher should carry out adolescent sex education in time and patiently persuade the students to have heterosexual intercourse.
Fourth, the problem of bad personality.
The common bad personalities of primary and middle school students are: extreme, narrow-minded, jealous, hostile, irritable, dependent, withdrawn, timid, inferior and neurotic.
All the unhealthy psychological behaviors of middle school students are warning us, warning primary and secondary school students, warning our children, the flowers and future of the motherland. Our class teacher urgently needs to shoulder the historical mission and social responsibility in the new period and integrate students' mental health education into the daily management of the class. Treat students' psychological problems scientifically, insist on psychological counseling, create a good class environment and carry out effective class activities. Through this effective way, we can cultivate the psychological quality of middle school students.
(A) mental health education in various activities.
In the new era, class teachers should make full use of class meetings, morning meetings, scientific and technological cultural and sports activities and social practice activities to carry out various cultural, artistic, sports, scientific and technological activities and celebrity learning activities that are conducive to shaping students' good psychological quality, and can also assist schools in giving necessary lectures on mental health knowledge, or answer and guide students' common psychological problems. Help students master the general knowledge and methods of mental health care, enhance students' understanding of healthy psychology, cultivate good psychological quality, and make students know that having healthy psychology can meet the needs of the future society.
(2) Insist on individual talk and consultation.
Students' troubles, anxiety and nervousness often vary from person to person, and it is sometimes difficult to achieve the best results in the face of group counseling. For individual students with psychological problems or psychological barriers, we should communicate and guide them carefully and patiently in time and prescribe the right medicine. Through heart-to-heart talks with friends, we can sort out and guide them in a targeted way, help analyze their interests, reduce the psychological pressure and burden of students, and achieve the purpose of relieving them and psychological barriers. There is a process, even a slow process, to solve some students' psychological problems. At this time, the class teacher needs to be good at waiting and coordinate through subtle ways and unremitting efforts. This is not only an effective way to solve psychological problems, but also an important way to train students to solve psychological problems and improve the psychological quality of class teachers.
(3) Keep in touch and communicate with parents.
In the new era, the head teacher should continue to exert the educational power of parents, and work together with parents Qi Xin to promote students' healthy psychological growth. Parents should not only care about their children's physical health, but also pay attention to their psychological health, so that children can realize that the cultivation of their good psychological quality cannot be separated from a civilized, harmonious, bright and happy family environment. Students can live in a warm and pleasant family since childhood, and get the right love from their parents and elders, and they will inevitably feel the warmth, security and happiness of the family, full of joy and self-confidence. At the same time, it can guide and help parents to establish a correct educational concept.
In a word, only by providing students with comprehensive mental health education in all directions, angles and ways can they effectively maintain their mental health, improve their psychological quality and comprehensive quality, and gradually achieve the goal of learning to learn to learn, learn to live and learn to be a man.
References:
[1] Mental Health Education for Primary and Secondary School Students, edited by Li Baizhen, Beijing: Science Popularization Press.
[2] "Special Topics on Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools" edited by Zhu Xiaoman Nanjing: Nanjing Normal University Press, 2002 edition 1.
[3] 1998 Tianjin Normal University Pedagogy "Strengthening Students' Mental Health Education in the Work of Class Teachers".
Measures to Strengthen Students' Mental Health Education in the Work of Class Teachers Paper 2: On How Senior Class Teachers Strengthen Students' Mental Health Education
Abstract: Because of the special stage of high school students, they are faced with many problems and difficulties. The head teacher needs to strengthen their mental health education. This paper mainly discusses the problems related to the head teacher's strengthening the mental health education of senior high school students, first analyzes the necessity of mental health education, and then puts forward the relevant countermeasures of mental health education.
Keywords: high school; Class teacher; Students; Mental health education
The age, physiological changes and psychological development of senior high school students, as well as the pressure of further education and employment, all make them face more new problems and difficulties. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out mental health education among senior high school students. As the main implementer of quality education, the head teacher must fully understand the importance of implementing students' mental health education. According to the characteristics of high school students' physiological and psychological development, he should use scientific psychological counseling methods and means to strengthen the guidance of high school students' mental health, which is not only the need of high school students' healthy growth, but also the requirement of new social development for human quality.
First, the necessity of mental health education
Health is not only manifested in the absence of physical diseases, but also in the individual's mental, physical and social adaptability. Nowadays, most high school students are only children, and they have been spoiled since childhood. However, after entering high school, the pressure of learning competition has become greater, but their ideology still needs to be developed. They can't treat the influence of bad social atmosphere correctly, and they are prone to psychological problems in their personal study, life and interpersonal communication. China's high schools are mainly based on? Class? In the formal education of students, the implementation of various kinds of teaching in schools is mostly completed by the class teacher. Therefore, the head teacher plays a very important role in developing mental health education activities in senior high schools. The head teacher must give priority to the mental health education for students, so that students can face all kinds of problems in life and study healthily and correctly.
Second, mental health education countermeasures
(A) the combination of various forms to create a capable team of psychological teachers.
Combine full-time, part-time and employment to build a complementary and stable mental health education team for students headed by capable full-time teachers and supplemented by part-time teachers. The professional requirements of psychological counseling and counseling are quite high. Relevant surveys show that in the psychological counseling institutions set up in colleges and universities in China, the staff are mainly part-time, and there are very few full-time staff. Many staff members have only received short-term training before taking up their posts and lack professional quality. In many schools in China, there are almost no professional psychological counseling teachers. Some staff members have only participated in short-term psychological counseling training, and their psychological knowledge is not perfect enough. After completing the training, they left the psychological counseling post. Therefore, the establishment of students' mental health education team should start from scratch. It is necessary to introduce psychological counseling professionals and strengthen the training of quasi-mental health educators. The training of professional educators can be roughly divided into three steps: first, determine the backbone of the school psychological counseling station and train them so that they can observe and learn from the advanced psychological counseling ideas in standardized areas. Second, train full-time psychological counseling staff in schools to make their professional knowledge structure more perfect. Third, use backbone and full-time staff to guide other mental health education teachers and improve the overall quality of the psychological education team.
(B) Senior high school teachers should establish modern psychological education concepts.
To create a good psychological environment, the head teacher in senior high school must have advanced educational ideas and good psychological quality. Without scientific concept and consciousness of psychological education, it will inevitably lead to blindness and blindness of psychological education, and even run counter to the goal of psychological education. The prestige of head teachers in senior high schools is unmatched by other teachers, and their educational ideas and methods have a far-reaching impact on students. If their educational ideas and methods deviate, it will have a negative impact on students' mental health development. If the head teachers in senior high schools don't know enough about the importance of mental health education, especially the law of psychological development of senior high school students, they will classify some ideological problems as mental health problems in general, or ignore mental health education and the research on related theories and application skills of psychological consultation and counseling, which will become more and more narrow in class management, which is very unfavorable to the development of students' psychological quality.
(C) a comprehensive and full understanding of students
The head teacher can't treat every student with a single attitude and way. If the head teacher wants to fully understand the students, he needs to establish good feelings with them, so that the students can be willing to communicate with the head teacher. The head teacher should strive to slowly close the spiritual distance with the students. The head teacher should trust the students, care about them, practice and influence them with practical actions and true feelings. Class teachers should be intimate friends of students, spend some time close to them, understand their ideological trends and inner world, and guide them to overcome difficulties in study and life. For students who are not confident in learning and have difficulties in learning, we should use our spare time to communicate with them and understand some problems in their study life. For students who feel inferiority because of poor family environment, we should arrange them to study with some students with cheerful personality and good family environment, so as to make the relationship between students more harmonious and intimate, and gradually let them adapt to the surrounding environment. Please rest assured, reduce inferiority complex and promote learning progress.
(four) to carry out various forms of collective activities.
Carrying out various forms of collective activities is the basis of solving students' psychological problems, which can promote students to eliminate psychological obstacles and communicate friendly in activities. Group activities require students to unite and cooperate, give full play to their collective strength, concentrate their wisdom on completing tasks, and achieve the purpose of mental health education imperceptibly in rich activities. Class teachers should learn to make use of class meetings, morning meetings, scientific and technological cultural and sports activities and social practice activities that students love, and carry out various cultural, artistic, sports, scientific and technological activities and learning celebrity activities to better shape students' good psychological quality.
Class meeting is one of the effective ways to carry out students' mental health education. To carry out mental health education class meeting, we should do the following: first, we need to determine the theme that can attract students' attention and interest. The head teacher should fully mobilize the enthusiasm of students to prepare for the class meeting, so that students can better participate in the class meeting designed by themselves. Secondly, the class teacher should pay special attention to the use of class meetings to carry out mental health education, determine the contents of different forms of theme class meetings, and really and effectively carry out students' mental health education. The theme class meeting should aim at the common problems of many students. For example, in senior three, the study pressure is relatively high, and many students feel at a loss. Can you do it once? Work hard and don't give up easily? The theme class will encourage students to continue their efforts and strive for the best results.
The head teacher should also assist the school to hold lectures on mental health knowledge, or guide students to solve common psychological problems, so that students can master basic mental health knowledge and methods, enhance students' healthy psychology and cultivate good psychological quality.
(E) Multi-channel individual psychological counseling
First, establish a psychological counseling room to standardize students' face-to-face questioning. Give maximum respect and acceptance to every student who comes to the consulting room for help, and effectively solve many psychological problems of students. Establish the relationship between consultation and interview, questioning, guidance and summary, and use about one hour to communicate and coach students with psychological problems or psychological obstacles in a timely, serious and patient manner, so as to suit the remedy to the case. Through heart-to-heart talks with friends, we can sort out and guide them in a targeted way, help analyze their interests, reduce the psychological pressure and burden of students, and achieve the purpose of relieving them and psychological barriers. At the end of each consultation, the consultant should fill in the consultation record and case analysis, and conduct a certain degree of follow-up investigation. Enable students to use psychological counseling to solve general puzzles and seek self-improvement.
Second, carry out online psychological counseling. In addition to daily face-to-face counseling in the psychological counseling room, we should also provide convenient psychological counseling for high school students who are studying nervously according to the characteristics of each school, which can take the form of online psychological counseling. You can also carry out psychological counseling through multiple channels and forms such as sending and receiving emails, letters and writing notes.
Third, strengthen mental health education and publicity. Conduct psychological lectures, establish students' psychological files, and carry out psychological counseling among high school students. Through lectures, students who know little about psychology are expected and interested, and through the process of establishing psychological files, students can better understand themselves and their psychology.
To sum up, only through all-round and multi-angle mental health education can students' mental health be effectively maintained, so that they can have a healthy psychological quality, improve their comprehensive quality in an all-round way, and gradually learn to learn how to learn, how to live and how to be a man.
References:
Zhu Xiaoman. Special topics on moral education in primary and secondary schools [M]. Nanjing: Nanjing Normal University Press
[2] "Strengthening students' mental health education in the work of class teachers" [M]. Tianjin normal university education. 2008。
Measures to strengthen students' mental health education in the work of class teachers Part III: On how to strengthen mental health education for class teachers in secondary vocational schools.
In view of the increasing trend of students' psychological problems in secondary vocational schools, this paper analyzes the main psychological problems of students in secondary vocational schools and the coping strategies in the process of strengthening students' psychological health education in secondary vocational schools, so as to improve their psychological quality.
Keywords: secondary vocational school; Mental health education
For a long time, as a special? Vulnerable groups? Secondary vocational school students are labeled with inferiority, laziness, poor cultural foundation, poor learning attitude and poor behavior habits. It is normal for many secondary vocational school students to expose themselves and give up on themselves. How to let them get rid of the shadow and move towards success through three years of study? Class teachers in secondary vocational schools should pay special attention to students' mental health in the process of class management. In view of the above negative psychology, class teachers should constantly change their roles, help students overcome their inferiority complex, eliminate rebellious psychology, and provide a platform for students to display their talents.
At present, the psychological problems of students in secondary vocational schools in study, growth, life, job selection and job hunting mainly include the following aspects:
1, can't know yourself correctly and lack self-confidence.
At present, most of the secondary vocational students in China are students who have no choice but to go to vocational high school or have poor family economic conditions. Due to social prejudice and discrimination against secondary vocational school students, secondary vocational school students often can't understand themselves correctly when their ideals conflict with reality, feel ashamed among their peers, and lack confidence in doing things, thus losing the motivation to study hard. In addition, their junior high school knowledge base is weak, their study habits are poor and their ability is limited. If you don't understand the class and lack the perseverance to study hard, you will inevitably feel helpless and difficult in the face of unfamiliar professional theories and skills training, so you have no intention to study. Over time, you feel inferior everywhere, and you will feel inferior.
2, rebellious psychology is strong.
In secondary vocational schools, due to the influence of family, society, relatives and friends, some students see more dark side of society than their peers, and unconsciously form a psychological stereotype in their hearts, thinking that society and schools have more constraints on them. Therefore, they have a serious negative psychology towards learning and class rules, and they are resistant to teachers' criticism and education. They go their own way and indulge as they please in life. There is neither happiness nor sense of accomplishment, and the future is dark.
3. There are interpersonal barriers.
Students in secondary vocational schools have been facing a relatively open and brand-new environment after entering vocational schools. They are eager to communicate with others and have sincere friends to vent their feelings, but they are afraid of being hurt, so they are not active and lack basic communication knowledge and skills. In actual communication, it is difficult to agree with others' advantages and tolerate their shortcomings according to their own subjective consciousness, and it is often easy to conflict with teachers and classmates.
4. Emotional fluctuation and poor self-control.
A good mood is the guarantee of mental health. Secondary vocational school students who are in adolescence are changeable and curious about things, but they are easy to get emotional, sometimes they do reckless things on impulse, lack of calm and can't tell right from wrong; Emotion fluctuates greatly, polarization is obvious, happiness is often over-excited, depression and sadness are often depressed; I can't control my emotions.
Second, the methods of mental health education for students in secondary vocational schools:
1, psychological counseling in moral education activities. Many contents of school moral education run through the contents of mental health education. The head teacher should carry out various class meetings and team activities to relieve students' psychological problems in time. By organizing basketball games, knowledge contests and other collective activities, we can improve students' interpersonal skills, help students establish solidarity, mutual assistance and harmonious interpersonal relationships, let students feel the fun of collective life, and enhance their sense of cooperation and collective concept. The head teacher can also take effective measures to do a good job in the daily behavior standard education and legal education of secondary vocational school students, help them overcome the negative psychological factors of self-indulgence and gradually develop civilized behavior habits.
2. Strengthen the construction of class culture and create a good psychological atmosphere. Class culture refers to the whole class environment and interpersonal environment. In a beautiful class environment and harmonious interpersonal relationships, students' emotions and behaviors will be subtly influenced. First of all, the class teacher should lead the students to participate in creating a beautiful class environment, such as posting famous sayings and setting up? Class teacher's mailbox? Wait a minute. Secondly, the head teacher should lead the students to create a pleasant, harmonious, cordial and trusting interpersonal environment and form a good fashion of respecting teachers and loving students. Thirdly, the head teacher should formulate class rules and regulations suitable for the class and create a positive class collective public opinion atmosphere.
3. Infiltrate psychological counseling into subject teaching. Subject teaching is the central link of school education and an important way of psychological consultation. Teachers should study the teaching materials carefully and give full play to the psychological education factors in the teaching materials. In the process of classroom teaching, teachers should pay attention to teaching attitude, be good at encouraging students and pay attention to the progress of each student; In teaching methods, we should use flexible and diverse teaching methods, adhere to the heuristic teaching principle, and mobilize students' creativity and enthusiasm. Let students form a healthy psychological quality while mastering cultural knowledge.
4. Make use of the weekly diary to have a heart-to-heart talk and keep abreast of students' psychological dynamics. Secondary vocational school students often don't reveal their inner world easily. The head teacher can check the weekly diary submitted by students regularly to understand their psychological state, and then take corresponding measures to help students adjust their psychology. For example, in the class taught by the author, a girl suddenly pays attention to dressing up, is not attentive in class, and her grades drop. The author found in her weekly diary that she didn't express her intention and was preoccupied. So the author talked to her, helped her analyze, and expressed her understanding and concern. After a period of adjustment, students have a correct understanding of their own situations.
5. Use love to influence students and help them overcome their inferiority complex. Some secondary vocational students will give up on themselves because of their long-term inferiority complex. Teachers in secondary vocational schools must help them rebuild their self-confidence, put themselves in their own shoes to protect students' self-esteem, respect students' personality, and be good at discovering them? Highlights? Guide them to learn from each other's strengths. At the same time, according to the characteristics of students in secondary vocational schools, various forms of practical activities are carried out in a hierarchical, purposeful and step-by-step manner, so as to provide students in secondary vocational schools with as many opportunities as possible to show their specialties and talents and inspire their courage and strength to make progress and overcome difficulties and setbacks. In short, in class management, the class teacher should always think of the students everywhere and influence them with sincerity, especially the poor students and underachievers.
In the coming 2 1 century in the era of knowledge economy, opportunities and challenges coexist? Students face greater competition and pressure. In the process of study and life, psychological problems such as frustration, pressure, tension, worry, loneliness and helplessness will hinder students' physical and mental development. As a class teacher, we should learn to skillfully resolve the psychological pressure caused by external contradictions on students, form a good relationship with students, listen to students' hearts sincerely and patiently, and guide students to vent their emotions in an appropriate way. Show your point of view, convince people with reason, impress people with emotion, guide people with action, persevere, convince people and eliminate students' psychological obstacles.
Mental health education is a long-term and complicated work, which plays an important role in school moral education. Class teachers should always pay attention to students' mental health, teach middle schools, learn from experience, constantly sum up lessons, play various roles according to time and place, persist in taking students as the main body, create a clean, beautified, harmonious and free development environment for students, and make them develop psychologically healthily.
refer to
[1] Wu Zengqiang. Psychological consultation in modern schools [M]. Shanghai: Science and Technology Literature Publishing House, 2007
[2] Wei Shusheng. Talk about the work of the class teacher [M]. Guangxi: Lijiang Press, 2002.
[3] Lin Chongde. The wisdom of education [M]. Beijing: Kaiming Publishing House, 200 1.
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