Today, the sun is shining. Thanks to my classmates, we once again came to the sparkling Tangzhuang Ecological Park in Yangliuhe to catch lobsters. The son excitedly took the fishing rod and walked to the stone road in the middle of the river. He threw the fishing rod and heard a bang, and the pig liver jumped into the bottom of the river. 1, 2, 3 ... Only three seconds later, the fishing line was shaking. Haha, gently pull, what a big lobster! His son's face showed pride. Oh, no! The lobster found something was wrong and tried desperately to get rid of the bait. "Pull, pull!" Alas, the lobster was one step ahead and escaped. hum ...
Don't worry, it takes patience to catch lobster. After many exercises, my son came to the conclusion that lobster fishing requires not only patience, but also certain skills: after finding lobster on bait, it should be light, fast and accurate. After a little hesitation, the lobster broke free and ran away.
Haha, you have gained a lot! After mastering the skills, my son got excellent grades. Look, a lively lobster dancing with big paws was obediently caught in the bucket. What's more gratifying is that my son not only killed two birds with one stone, but also caught the king of lobster-an extra-large one! Awesome!
Hehe ... on such a happy day, I not only caught lobster, but also learned Chinese-if you look hard and think hard, you can learn knowledge that is not in books.
I learned Chinese from advertisements.
Chinese, as its name implies, refers to language and culture. What exactly is Chinese? Is it just an article in the textbook? No, Chinese is everywhere in our life. Chinese is a culture expressed by language. Chinese is not only a communication tool, but also a carrier of human culture, which is the unity of instrumentality and humanity. Learning Chinese can cultivate noble moral sentiments.
We should cultivate our own Chinese literacy, which is very rich in connotation. It is an organic synthesis with Chinese knowledge and Chinese ability as the core, including at least five elements: Chinese knowledge, Chinese ability, general intelligence, social and cultural common sense, emotional awareness and personality. To improve Chinese literacy is to make these five elements achieve dialectical unity and get comprehensive, harmonious and full development. Learning Chinese knowledge, training Chinese ability, developing intelligence, feeling the influence of social culture and cultivating the harmonious resonance between emotion and personality constitute the basic connotation of improving Chinese literacy. We can carry out campus activities to stimulate interest, seek knowledge and increase intelligence and energy. Teachers play a creative role in mobilizing students to put forward suggestions and carry out various activities purposefully, planned and organized. Such as: speech contest, theme debate, intellectual development contest, poetry appraisal, poetry reading, newspaper contest, drama performance, calligraphy contest, art exhibition and other competitions and games. In these activities, students are both participants and leaders with a strong sense of ownership, which makes them feel lively and happy and benefit a lot. In addition, you can also engage in practical activities, organize to participate in the second classroom activities, go out of school, go to the society, and feel the charm of Chinese in the second classroom activities.
Due to economic development and ethnic integration, both spoken and written languages in China have developed. Standard Putonghua, which is now popularized in China, is the result of continuous "learning" between the Han nationality and other ethnic groups in Northeast Asia. Our language is not static, especially in today's information explosion era, the speed of language change is accelerating, and a large number of foreign words and new terms are constantly emerging, especially young people. With the continuous improvement of China's modernization level, various advertisements are more and more deeply involved in people's daily life. Walking in the street and looking up, street sign advertisements, car advertisements, neon advertisements and commercial advertisements abound. When I got home, I turned on TV and radio advertisements. In modern society, advertising has formed an indissoluble bond with people. As a product of commercial society, advertising is not only a commodity notice, but also a symbol of fashion and popularity to some extent, which has a subtle influence on public life. Some specious idioms newly compiled by advertisers, such as "Cough is urgent", "Be prepared for danger in times of peace" and "The tortoise is safe", are far-fetched and have no aesthetic feeling, but only mislead the product or the text itself. Such advertising words should be absolutely banned. Advertising can be said to be a commercial means, through some rhetoric and celebrity endorsements, to strengthen publicity and promote products.
In advertising language, there are some beautiful languages that can cultivate people's sentiments and make people pleasing to the eye; But most of them are homophones of some idioms, or homophones of some famous sayings or idioms, such as "an advertisement for a pawnshop-"lives up to its reputation! " ; An advertisement for a hat-making company-"Take a man by his hat! " ; " A barber shop advertisement-"Nothing!" ; "A typewriter advertisement—"No strangers! " ; An advertisement in an optical shop-"Eyes are the windows to the soul. In order to protect your soul, please install glass on your window. "and so on. This allows me to learn Chinese from it. Chinese is not only a culture expressed by language, but also a tool for communication and economic development.
This also makes me feel another negative problem. Chinese brings people a sense of beauty, but these common advertising terms make people unable to find the beauty and charm of Chinese. There are also some superlative terms such as "the best, the magic and the best" in advertisements, which use mass media to carry out false propaganda that is not worthy of the name. It is purely deceiving and misleading consumers, deliberately creating a false image or concealing the truth, so that consumers have a wrong understanding and make wrong behaviors, and such lawsuits also occur frequently. In fact, as early as1August, 1997, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce decided in "On whether the word" best "in advertising terms belongs to the highest and best answer" that the word "best" has the same meaning as the highest and best terms and belongs to absolute terms. However, in reality, "best" and its similar titles, which have been listed as "forbidden", frequently appear in many commodities and their advertisements. In my opinion, such a thing has sounded an alarm to society, manufacturers and relevant management departments: it is urgent and imperative to eliminate social and cultural pollution and standardize advertising language.
I think we should be a conscientious person in life, discover and experience Chinese from various activities, but we should also be good at discovering some bad problems, commenting and expressing some different opinions, causing resonance in society and stopping them. As mentioned above, these businesses have defiled our language, so we should make an accurate judgment and distinguish right from wrong. In fact, in this process, we experienced Chinese and learned Chinese.
I learned Chinese in the play.
What is Chinese? Let me tell you: Chinese is the majestic Great Wall of Wan Li; China is a beautiful West Lake; China is a dreamy Disneyland; Chinese is the famous Tianxin Pavilion; Chinese is the ancient city of Fenghuang; Chinese is a delicious mutton string in Xinjiang; The language is coconut in Hainan; China people are stinky tofu in Changsha; Chinese is Mongolian milk tea; China is a hot spring for grey soup;
Chinese is a galloping horse on Mongolian grassland.
When I walked into Inner Mongolia and saw cattle and sheep, I couldn't help thinking that "the sky is gray and the wild is vast, and the wind blows and the grass sees cattle and sheep". Walking into Dongting Lake, I remembered the famous sentence of Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Looking at Dongting from afar, there are green snails in the silver plate." When I came to the countryside and saw farmers farming, I thought, "Who knows that every grain is hard?" . Seeing the towering mountains, I can't help but think of the famous sentence "Five Mountains return without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returns without looking at the mountains". Looking at the crane tower in the distance, I remembered Wang Zhihuan's "Climbing the crane tower". "But you can broaden your horizons by walking a flight of stairs for 300 miles."
When you come to Guo Hua and Huo Yan, you will think of the nagging Tang Priest, critical the Monkey King, lazy pig and honest sand monk in Journey to the West. When you come to Confucius' hometown, you will think of the couplets of "the ancestor of ancient articles and the teacher of emperors"
Chinese is civilization, Chinese is an article, Chinese is literature, Chinese is culture, and Chinese is a bright pearl embedded in the long history of the world.
Learn Chinese in dialogue
Reflections on the relationship between Chinese teaching and life in vocational high schools
Yin Weizhen Linhai Senior Vocational Middle School
In my opinion, Chinese teaching in vocational high schools can't just stay in text teaching, nor can it just be taught for entrance examination and further study. Instead, it should be more related to students' lives and majors, so that students can learn Chinese through dialogue. In view of this, this paper briefly expounds the close relationship between Chinese teaching and life in vocational education and the way to learn Chinese through dialogue.
Keywords: dialogue in Chinese teaching life
one
When it comes to the relationship between education and life, people always think of Dewey and Tao Xingzhi involuntarily. Throughout Du Tao's educational thought, whether "education is life" or "life is education", a basic proposition is put forward for us, that is, education and life are inseparable. As a basic subject, Chinese is inextricably linked with life. In a sense, Chinese teaching is life, which means that our Chinese teaching is more closely related to life. This is because:
People's life is the life of China people. In all human activities, language can best express human characteristics. People are different from animals because "animals have practical imagination and wisdom, and only talents have developed a new form: symbolic imagination and wisdom-language". Therefore, people's life becomes people's life because people can consciously create the symbol of language, and people's life is the life of China people. Chinese life refers to reading, writing, listening and speaking activities with rich life significance in a certain time and space environment and a specific atmosphere based on the needs of human survival and sustainable development. Therefore, in a sense, reading, writing, listening and speaking, as a specific activity of China people's life, are all dialogues.
From this, we can easily see that Chinese education is a dialogue as well as a dialogue in Chinese education. It contains two meanings: first, the listening, speaking, reading and writing activities in life are the activities that students carry out as human needs, rather than the simulation stage outside life or the preparatory activities specially for further studies. Secondly, "enlightening" means that students learn dialogue in listening, speaking, reading and writing activities, that is, they learn dialogue through dialogue.
As we all know, the policy of running a vocational high school is: service-oriented and employment-oriented. This requires that Chinese teaching in vocational high schools should be closely linked with life and major, so that students can apply what they have learned and learn more interestingly. However, at present, Chinese education in vocational high schools is largely divorced from life and their own majors. They regard Chinese life as an exotic product, think that reading, writing, listening and speaking are just tools, and blindly ask students to meet the needs of teachers and exams instead of taking it as a necessity of life, which leads to students' weariness and fear of learning, and the quality of Chinese teaching declines, even "shaping" students' "dual personality". Therefore, we believe that Chinese education in vocational high schools must return to life and learn to speak in life.
two
Chinese education in vocational schools from the perspective of dialogue theory is no longer blind training or passive indoctrination, but equal and harmonious communication, aiming at cultivating a unique individual with life and spiritual connotation. The purpose of education is to make a person become himself, become himself, return to his life and his major.
First of all, life can bring students back to the human world. The return of Chinese education in vocational high schools to life is to let students listen, speak, read and write not for the needs of learning, but for the needs of people and life. For example, in reading teaching, students are having a dialogue with the text.
2
Entering a new realm, it is naturally a beautiful thing to let reading become a free and conscious behavior of students instead of completing after-class questions. For example, reading Thunderstorm, I compete in various teaching classes in the form of textbook drama performance to satisfy students' curiosity and competitiveness. As a result, the script was compiled and put on the stage without saying much. The students' enthusiasm was unprecedented and their understanding of the text was particularly thorough. Moreover, in order to better understand the characters in the play, the writers and actors also read a lot of relevant materials to broaden their horizons. Students majoring in kindergarten teachers, in particular, have not only deepened their understanding of the text through such training, but also laid a foundation for their future work in preschool education, because they have learned some skills in arrangement and organization. Another example is writing teaching. In order to make writing a necessity of life, we must first make the motivation of writing come from life and make writing a necessity of life. After the blockbuster TV series "Dazhaimen" was released on CCTV, director Guo Baochang said in "Me and Dazhaimen": "I have lived in Dazhaimen since I was a child, and I have experienced many ups and downs, including life and death, blood and tears. Ups and downs, sadness, anger and resentment, constantly stirring my feelings; I want to dedicate it to readers and audiences, which has become the goal I have been fighting for all my life. " Teacher Guo's experience tells us that if writing becomes a necessity, good articles will naturally come. So, how can writing become a necessity of life? The answer is: back to life, writing has become a necessity in the process of dialogue collision, exchange, communication, integration and sublimation.
Secondly, life is the soil of interest. If the Chinese education in vocational high schools only stays in the training of knowledge and skills and the teaching of the sage's way, instead of starting from the real needs of students, then no matter how clever the teaching strategies you adopt, you can only temporarily strengthen its external motivation, but not fundamentally strengthen the internal motivation of students' learning. Therefore, it is very important for vocational high school students to feel the mystery of learning content and the fun of learning. As we all know, most vocational high school students are tired of learning in primary and junior high schools. If they still use traditional teaching methods divorced from life in vocational high schools, they will only be more tired of learning. So in my normal teaching life, I have been looking for positive and effective forms. For example, when I realized that students' communication skills and conversation level will be one of the qualities for their success after leaving society, and I also learned that vocational high school students generally prefer to talk rather than write, I tried to let students give full play to their eloquence by means of group discussion, debate, personal speech, sketch performance, and being a small teacher, which received unexpected results, not only improving their communication skills and oral expression skills. When I was teaching the article "Remind Happiness", the introduction adopted the form of letting students freely discuss happy events in their lives, which narrowed the distance with students from the beginning and aroused their great interest. Basically, every student has something to say, and it is very clear. When expanding, students are divided into two groups to debate whether happiness needs reminding. In the course of the debate, the two groups of students expressed their opinions and got red in the face. They all use their eloquence to cite various typical examples in life. Through these two forms of teaching activities, students not only deeply understand the meaning of happiness, but also pay attention to and cherish happiness in peacetime. What is more gratifying is that students' interest in learning has been greatly improved. The view of Chinese life education holds that the return of Chinese education to life is the return to the soil where interest and motivation inhabit. In life, people will have all kinds of needs and benefits: primitive cavemen have the motivation to make tools out of the need of survival; The ancestors of human beings created meaningful audio language for the need of communication; When children see flying birds and have a desire to fly, they will explore "why people can't fly" as Mr. Wang Shangwen said; Interest is always associated with needs, needs are the core of interest, and interest is the internal driving force to obtain happiness that comes with success. With the needs of life, there will be interest in learning. Listening, speaking, reading and writing activities in life are essential in life. However, when educators take them out of life, they are like fish out of water, lifeless. Only when Chinese education returns to life will Chinese education naturally become the need of life, and students will be interested and form internal motivation, thus fundamentally solving the disadvantages of students' weariness and fear of learning.
Third, life is the trigger point of perception acquisition. Chinese education under the care of humanistic ideas and dialogue theory is no longer a kind of domestication and teaching education, but pays more attention to feelings, that is, students' "self-satisfaction". But the acquisition of emotions needs an opportunity, a trigger point. We recognize this.
three
Because life is the trigger point of perception. Because life provides the best environment, the biggest space and the most possible place for the acquisition of sentiment. The vast world, full of forests and forests, contains endless mysteries; Strange and colorful, always arouse people's infinite reverie. Chinese education is carried out by seizing the opportunity in such an infinite environment. As Lin Gelun, an educational psychologist, pointed out: "People have a continuous internal driving force to become capable and effective; Ability and effect are the result of learning; The development of ability depends on learning, which is caused by perceived environmental changes. " Life is the environment to stimulate learning, and Chinese life is the trigger point to stimulate Chinese learning. I think Newton discovered "gravity" from the apple falling to the ground, and Archimedes discovered buoyancy from the bathtub also from life.
In short, Chinese education in vocational high schools must return to life. The purpose of Chinese life education is to let students live a truly extraordinary life. Only when students truly reveal what they think, can teachers find students' needs and guide students to discover and create truth, goodness and beauty with higher understanding than students.
three
Then, how can Chinese education in vocational high schools return to life and learn to speak? The answer is: learn to talk in dialogue. If Chinese education wants to return to life, it needs dialogue, because dialogue is a means that people have to use in their daily lives. People's constant communication, collision and integration in life are all completed in dialogue, and so are listening, speaking, reading and writing in Chinese life. This dialogue feature of language endows Chinese education with unique advantages. Through language, people reflect, warn and correct, so that people's thoughts can be sublimated and the truth can be revealed. When people speak, write or even meditate, language unconsciously exerts its conversational performance. Therefore, as long as you can speak, dare to speak and speak, you are expected to approach the ideal state presented to you by both sides of the dialogue. Similarly, if listening, speaking, reading and writing want to return to life, there must be dialogue: students talk to each other, and generate sparks life; Dialogue between readers and authors to build a bridge of understanding; Dialogue between teachers and students to create a harmonious classroom; Students talk to themselves, reflect on themselves and combine new qualities. Dialogue is the connotation of life, and it is also necessary for Chinese education to return to life. We call it: learning dialogue in dialogue and learning Chinese in dialogue. Specifically, there are two main ways:
First, Chinese classroom life-the main place for Chinese education dialogue
Classroom teaching is the home of students' study and life, which determines the success or failure of teaching, and dialogue has a special position in the classroom, so we must adopt a variety of teaching strategies for dialogue. To sum up, there are mainly the following points:
Empathy is a good way to promote understanding. In order to reach mutual understanding and make the two sides of the dialogue truly become "the other side", we might as well put ourselves in the other's shoes, that is, let both sides speak and do things from each other's standpoint. Once, I designed a wonderful class, so that students (of course, try to find a person with good foundation and strong ability in the class first, and then promote it appropriately) can be teachers. Students can design their own multimedia courseware, design their own teaching process and go to class by themselves. In this teaching process, students have a deeper understanding of the text by looking for information, trying to figure out the language and discussing, which also promotes the friendship between students and strengthens the close relationship between Chinese learning and life. And I found that vocational high school students also have potential (dare not try before), and students understand the hardships of teachers' labor. Empathy makes teachers and students in the same dominant position, because they may have different understandings of the same material. Assuming that teachers allow students to come to the classroom freely when conditions permit, students can choose and organize teaching content according to their own understanding, and choose and arrange teaching methods and means in their own way, which will stimulate students' interest in learning textbooks. When students encounter insurmountable difficulties in the preparation stage, teachers can prompt solutions to the problems in time, and students can find proper solutions themselves. In the process of classroom teaching, students will become active because of real equal communication, the degree of active participation will be greatly improved, and the activity of thinking will also be greatly increased. If teachers always exist as "authoritative representatives" and judge students' psychology through subjective experience, it is difficult to establish an objective and fair understanding, let alone realize their own shortcomings. Dialogue theory tells us that if we can all look at ourselves from the standpoint of others, we will sublimate ourselves and make ourselves higher than the past and become the "other". If your students realize that their life world is so unbearable in the process of transposition, how can they make progress without reflection? So I think it's not a bad thing to teach students once or twice a semester.
I learned Chinese from my life.
There are languages everywhere in life, such as the truth spoken by parents and the knowledge taught by teachers, which all contain Chinese.
In life, my father taught me a sentence from the Analects of Confucius from the first grade of my primary school: "A son said,' Believe in the near righteousness, and you can answer it; Ceremony is close to ceremony, far from shame; Because you don't lose your loved ones, you can still live in it. "What Dad means is that a son thinks he can only keep his word, keep his promise and respect others; In order to gain people's respect; So as not to lose close friends. " From my father's mouth, I learned to be honest, kind and friendly to my friends and relatives, to trust others and not to doubt others. This is the way to make friends.
Grandma once said to me, "But how much love there is in an inch of grass, and I got three rays of spring." What he said was: "How great a mother's love is!" I thought to myself, "I will study hard and repay my parents' meticulous love when I grow up." Now I will try my best to help my mother do housework and give them a massage. " From Chinese, I learned to be filial to my parents. When I saw my parents were busy, I had to help them. The teacher said, "In life, if you can't meet a little setback, you will give up.". No matter how many big setbacks are waiting for you, you should move forward strongly, because the obstacles ahead can't bear your perseverance. Persistence is the mother of victory! "
In life, I don't know how to be friends, how to be filial and how to persist. I also know how to be tolerant, understand and help.
China is like a warm home, the warmth inside makes people very comfortable; Chinese is full of knowledge; Chinese is like a ray of sunshine, shining on our progress.