1. Three proverbs about secrecy

1. Confucius said: "When chaos arises, words are used as orders. If the ruler does not keep secrets, his ministers will lose their integrity; if their ministers do not keep secrets, they will lose their virginity." If a few things are not kept secret, it will cause harm. That is why a gentleman keeps things secret and does not go out."

2 Confucius said: "Disorders arise when words are used as stairs. If the king does not keep secrets, he will lose his ministers. If ministers do not keep secrets, they will lose their lives. If confidential matters are not kept secret, disasters will occur. Therefore, a gentleman is cautious and careful. Keep it secret without leaking it. "One percent of prevention beforehand is better than ninety-nine percent of cure afterward.

3. Secrecy is the eternal fighting force, while leaking secrets is the trigger of failure. The more sweat it takes to keep it secret, the fewer the tears it takes to reveal it.

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2. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete the following questions

11.A >12.D 13.C 14. (1) Argue with Wei Zheng in the palace, but Wei Zheng cannot argue He, the emperor finally adopted his opinion.

(Ting Zheng, unable to argue, died) (2) Gaozu once hosted a banquet for his ministers and sent King Qin to read out the imperial edict. After finishing, he looked at the people on the left and right and said: "How does King Qin compare to Wen Yanbo? (Taste, Gu, how...) (3) The reason why I do this is because I put the national crisis first and my personal hatred behind (so, first, last) Analysis 11. Analysis of the test question: This question tests the relationship between the two. Comprehension of content words in classical Chinese texts. The examination of content word questions has become more difficult in recent years, and the test question options are mixed with classical Chinese phenomena such as Chinese characters, ancient and modern synonyms, and the use of parts of speech.

The method of answering questions is "structure." Analysis method", "grammatical analysis method", "morphological definition method", "applying into grammar" and "applying textbook method". However, these methods all require a certain knowledge of classical Chinese. The best method is to substitute the given word meanings into the original text. Determine whether the answer is correct or not based on whether the semantic meaning is smooth. When answering this question, you should pay attention to the context and understand the meaning of the content words, or use the substitution method to bring the dotted content words into the sentence to understand, or use the glyphs to infer the characters. Parts of speech and meanings.

A: Soon. Test point: Understand the meaning of common classical Chinese content words in the text.

The ability level is understanding B 12. Question analysis: This question tests classical Chinese texts. To segment sentences in classical Chinese, candidates must combine the meaning of the context and accurately understand the meaning of the text before segmenting sentences accurately.

The first is the modal particles at the end of the sentence, such as "ye, ye,". "Ever..."; the second is the first word of the sentence, such as "Ruofu, Zhiruo, Gai, Wei..."; the third is a noun or pronoun, which usually serves as the subject or object in the sentence; the fourth is the sentence pattern of pairing; the fifth is Real rhetoric. First read the excerpt to understand the main idea; then go through the easy part first and then the difficult part.

Understand the wavy sentence in this question: "Wen Yanbo was exhausted because he was worried about national affairs. I couldn't bear to see him." He has been working hard for two years, and it is a pity that he was not allowed to take a break to extend his life. "Test point: understand and translate the sentences in the text.

The ability level is understanding B. 13. Analysis of test questions: The principle of this type of question proposition is mainly the confusion of people, time, place and things and the translation of key words .

Candidates should pay attention to clarifying the main events of the biographical characters when reading the text. This type of test questions is generally prone to errors such as pretentiousness, extrapolation, imposition of cause and effect, and confusion of right and wrong. It is not difficult to pass the reading article. It was found that in the original text, C "he cut off contact with all friends in order to keep it confidential" was summarized incorrectly. It should be that he refused to interact with guests and outsiders when handling confidentiality.

Test point: summarize the main points of the content. Summarize the central meaning. The ability level is analysis and synthesis C.

14. Test question analysis: This question tests the translation of classical Chinese. This test point is a required test in the college entrance examination. Candidates should pay attention when translating. Combined with the requirements of "faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance" for classical Chinese in the college entrance examination, we must accurately grasp the content words and function words of classical Chinese in sentences. At the same time, we must pay attention to the special sentence patterns of ancient Chinese. Only by grasping these can we translate classical Chinese well.

< p> Score points for this question: (1) Court battle, overwhelming argument, death. (2) Taste, Gu, He Ru...

Test point: Comprehension and translation of the sentences in the text. The ability level is Comprehension B.

Wen Yanbo, a translator of classical Chinese, had the courtesy name Dalin. He was proficient in calligraphy and biography, and was wise and eloquent. During the chaos, Luo Yi, the general manager of Youzhou, recommended him as Sima. Luo Yi led the whole state to surrender. Wen Yanbo participated in the planning and was appointed the general manager of the palace. He was named the Duke of Xihe County.

He was summoned to the imperial court. A man from Shushe, he was promoted to the title of Minister of Zhongshu. Gaozu wanted to thank Goryeo for his contribution but not to make them ministers. Wen Yanbo insisted that it was not possible, saying: "Liaodong was originally the land of Jizi in the Zhou Dynasty, and Xuantu County in the Han Dynasty was not called them. If the north becomes a vassal, how will the other barbarians treat it? "After the emperor adopted it, he no longer insisted.

When the Turks invaded, Wen Yanbo was appointed as the marching commander of Bingzhou Road. Shi fought in Dagu, and the army was defeated and captured. The Turks knew that he was a close minister and interrogated him many times in the Tang Dynasty Wen Yanbo refused to say how many troops there were and whether the country was strong or not, so he was imprisoned in the desolate and cold place of Yinshan Mountain.

After Taizong ascended the throne, the Turks reconciled and were able to return. He was appointed as the governor of Yongzhou, and soon he was appointed as the minister of the school inspection and official department.

Wen Yanbo wanted to eliminate and select scholars, but his methods were too few to win over everyone. The court was full of legal documents, and people at the time accused him of being cumbersome and detailed. He was once again appointed as the Minister of Zhongshu, and was promoted to the imperial censor to oversee the affairs of the School.

In the fourth year of Zhenguan, he was promoted to Zhongshu Ling and granted the title of Duke of Yu. The Turks surrendered and issued an edict to discuss strategies to stabilize the border areas. Wen Yanbo requested to imitate the Han Dynasty and place the surrendered Xiongnu in Wuyuan Fortress as a barrier to defend the border. He argued with Wei Hui in the palace, but Wei Hui could not argue with him, and the emperor finally Adopting his opinion, the emperor later regretted it when his younger brother Tuli Khan formed a group and led a rebellion.

Wen Yanbo was good at speaking. Whenever he asked about the customs of the four places and announced his decrees, it was as if he were reciting them. His advances and retreats were meticulous and elegant, and people watched him. Emperor Gaozu once hosted a banquet for his ministers and sent King Qin to read out the imperial edict. After he finished, he looked at the people around him and said, "How does King Qin compare to Wen Yanbo?" In ten years, he was promoted to minister Youpu She. He died in the second year at the age of sixty-three.

Wen Yanbo was careful and prudent by nature. After taking charge of confidential affairs, he refused guests and did not interact with others. When he came to see the emperor, he must state the pros and cons of political affairs. After his death, the emperor lamented: "Wen Yanbo was exhausted because he was worried about state affairs. I have seen him working very hard for two years. I regret that I did not let him take a break to extend his life."

Family background The poor man had no ancestral hall, so his funeral was held in another room. The emperor ordered the relevant departments to build a ceremonial hall for him. He was given the posthumous title of Te Jin and was given the posthumous title Gong. He was buried with Zhaoling.

His sons Wen Zhen and Wen Ting. Wen Zhen served successively as the crown prince and passed away due to excessive grief during the mourning period.

Wen Ting married Princess Qianjin and became the governor of Yanzhou. Wen Yanbo's great-grandson Mingxi married the eldest princess of Liang Kingdom.