5 lantern riddles:
Idiom riddle——
Dragon (guess one idiom). Turn a deaf ear
One (hit one idiom). One after another
Be good (guess an idiom). Taking advantage of someone who is unprepared
Ya (guess an idiom). It's hard to speak
Master (guess an idiom). Keep moving forward
5 proverbs:
Proverb:
Put a long way to catch big fish
Don’t do bad things, don’t be afraid of ghosts knocking on the door< /p>
Eat a pit and gain wisdom
A little impatience will mess up a big plan
A road can tell the horse power, and time can tell the heart
5 The highest in the world:
The highest mountain: Mount Everest (8,844.43 meters above sea level)
The largest island: Greenland (area: 2,166,086 square kilometers)< /p>
The longest river: the Nile (6,695 kilometers long)
The largest canyon on earth: the Brahmaputra Grand Canyon (the Brahmaputra River in Asia, 496.3 kilometers long)
The largest desert: the Sahara Desert (an area of ??more than 8 million square kilometers)
5 famous quotes:
What a magnificent cause it is to work for the happiness of mankind, this What a great purpose! ——Saint Simon
The greatest possible happiness for each person is in the greatest happiness achieved by all people. ——Zola
True happiness can only be realized when you truly understand the value of life. —— Munir Nasuf
Happy are those who are interested in research! Happier are those who can free their minds from delusion and free themselves from vanity through research. —— Lametli
Treat the happiness of others as your own happiness, dedicate flowers to others, and keep the thorns to yourself! —— Valdes
Introduction to China’s 5 traditional festivals
January 1st: New Year’s Day
(The word “New Year’s Day” first came from Xiao Ziyun, a Liang native in the Southern Dynasties "Jie Ya" poem: "Four Qi New Year's Day, Longevity Begins Today". Yuan means the beginning, the first; Dan is the knowing word, the "日" above means the sun, and the "一" below means the sun rises from the horizon. The rise of the sun symbolizes the beginning of the day. New Year's Day is the first day of the year. January 1 in the Gregorian calendar is the New Year's Day recognized in the world, but the date is not consistent in the Xia Dynasty. It is the first day of the first lunar month; it is the first day of the twelfth lunar month in the Shang Dynasty; it is the first day of the eleventh lunar month in the Zhou dynasty, etc. On September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Association passed the use of the "AD Calendar Method" and changed the Gregorian calendar to 1. The 1st day of the lunar month is designated as New Year’s Day.)
The 15th day of the first lunar month: Lantern Festival
(also known as the "Lantern Festival", which is the 15th day of the first lunar month. It is an important festival in our country. Traditional festival. In ancient books, this day is called "Shangyuan", and its night is called "Yuan Night", "Luanxi Festival" or "Lantern Festival". The name of Lantern Festival has been used to this day because of the people who put up lanterns and watch lanterns. The custom is also known as the "Lantern Festival" among the people. In addition, there are also customs such as eating Lantern Festival, walking on stilts, and guessing lantern riddles. The ancient Chinese calendar is closely related to the moon phases. On the fifteenth day of each month, people usher in the first day of the year. As early as the Han Dynasty, the fifteenth day of the first lunar month was used as a day to worship the emperor and pray for blessings. Later, the ancients called the fifteenth day of the first lunar month "Shangyuan". The fifteenth day of the lunar month was called the "Zhongyuan", and the fifteenth day of the tenth month was called the "Xiayuan". At the latest in the early Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Three Yuan Festival was the day when the ceremony was held. Later, the Zhongyuan Festival was the most important. The celebrations of Xiayuan and Xiayuan were gradually abolished, but Shangyuan lasted for a long time)
April 5th: Qingming Festival
(Qingming Festival is a traditional festival in my country and the most important sacrifice. The festival is a day for ancestor worship and tomb-sweeping. Tomb-sweeping is commonly known as tomb-sweeping, and it is an activity to pay homage to the deceased. According to the old custom, people have to bring wine, food, fruits, paper money, etc. during the Tomb-Sweeping Day. When the items are brought to the cemetery, the food is offered in front of the tomb of the relative, the paper money is burned, the tomb is covered with new soil, a few green branches are broken and inserted on the tomb, then the person kowtows in worship, and finally eats the wine and goes home. Poet Du Mu's poem "Qingming": "It rains heavily during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road are dying. May I ask where the restaurant is? The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village." It describes the special atmosphere of the Qingming Festival.
Festival, also called the Outing Festival, according to the solar calendar, it is between April 4th and 6th every year. It is the time when the spring scenery is beautiful and the grass and trees are green, and it is also a good time for people to go out in the spring (called outing in ancient times) , so the ancients had the custom of going outing during the Qingming Festival and carrying out a series of sports activities)
May 1st: Labor Day
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month: Dragon Boat Festival
(The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the "Dragon Boat Festival". The original name of "Dragon Boat Festival" is "Duanwu", and "Duanwu" means the beginning. "五" and "五" are homophones for each other and are commonly used. It is an ancient festival in our country. Qu Yuan, the earliest patriotic poet in ancient my country, was slandered and exiled. He saw the increasingly corrupt politics of Chu State and was unable to realize his political ideals. He was unable to save his country in danger, so he threw himself into the Miluo River to die for his country.
After that, in order to prevent fish and shrimps from eating their bodies, people kneaded glutinous rice and flour into cakes of various shapes and threw them into the middle of the river. This later became the source of eating rice dumplings and fried cakes during the Dragon Boat Festival. This custom has spread abroad. )
The 15th day of the eighth lunar month: Mid-Autumn Festival
(The 15th day of the eighth lunar month, this day is in the middle of autumn, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". At night, the full moon and the fragrance of cinnamon are According to legend, in the late Yuan Dynasty, the people wanted to overthrow the brutal Yuan Dynasty. They wrote the date of the uprising on a piece of paper and put it in the stuffing of moon cakes so that they could secretly pass it on to each other and called on everyone to revolt on August 15th. Finally, on this day, a nationwide peasant uprising was overthrown. The decadent Yuan Dynasty ruled. Since then, the custom of eating mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival has spread more widely)
The ninth day of the ninth lunar month: Double Ninth Festival
(The ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Our country. In ancient times, nine was the yang, and September 9th was the yin and yang day, so it was called "Double Ninth Festival". According to legend, Huan Ying, a native of Runan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, heard Fei Changfang tell him that there would be a big event in Runan on September 9th. In the event of a disaster, Huan Jing quickly asked his family to sew a small boat with dogwood inside, tie it on his arm, climb the mountain, drink chrysanthemum wine, and take refuge. Huan Jing's family climbed the mountain that day and returned home at night. Sure enough, all the chickens, dogs, and sheep at home were there. Since then, there have been folk customs of making dogwood substitutes, drinking chrysanthemum wine, holding temple fairs, and climbing high on the Double Ninth Festival. Because the word "gao" has the same sound as "cake", there is also the custom of eating "Double Ninth Cake" on the Double Ninth Festival. Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Reminiscing about Shandong Brothers on September 9th": "I am a stranger in a foreign land, and I miss my relatives even more during the holidays. I know from afar that my brothers have climbed to a high place, and there is one less person planting dogwood trees everywhere." It records the events at that time. Customs and habits. Because of the sincere feelings of this poem, it is still popular)
November 22 of the lunar calendar: Winter Solstice
(In ancient my country, the winter solstice was regarded as a very important event. As a major festival, there was a saying that "the winter solstice is as big as the new year", and there is a custom of celebrating the winter solstice. The "Book of Han" says: "The yang energy of the winter solstice rises, and the emperor is long, so he congratulates you." People think that after the winter solstice, people will celebrate the winter solstice. The days are getting longer day by day, and the Yang Qi is rising, which is the beginning of a solar cycle and an auspicious day that should be celebrated. The "Book of Jin" records that "the Winter Solstice in the Wei and Jin Dynasties is praised by all nations and officials... It is inferior to Zhengdan." ” shows the importance attached to the Winter Solstice in ancient times.
Now, some places still celebrate the Winter Solstice as a festival. In the north, there is the custom of slaughtering sheep and eating dumplings and wontons during the winter solstice. In the south, it is customary to celebrate the winter solstice on this day. There is a custom of eating winter solstice rice dumplings and winter solstice noodles. There is also the custom of worshiping heaven and ancestors on the day of winter solstice)
The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month: Laba Festival
( In ancient times, the name of the "gods" worshiped in December was called the twelfth lunar month. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the old custom was to drink Laba porridge. It is said that Sakyamuni attained enlightenment and became a Buddha on this day, so the temple celebrates this day. Cooking porridge for Buddha has become a custom among the people until today)
New Year's Eve in the twelfth lunar month: New Year's Eve
(The night of New Year's Eve is called New Year's Eve. "New Year's Eve". ", the original meaning is "to go", which is extended to "Yi" [alternate]; the original meaning of the word "xi" is "sunset", which is extended to "night". Therefore, New Year's Eve has the meaning of "the old year is gone and the new year will be replaced tomorrow". "Zhu" means to remove the old and establish the new. New Year's Eve originated from the "exclusion" in the pre-Qin period. According to "Lu's Spring and Autumn and Ji Dong Ji" records, the ancients used drumming on the day before the New Year to drive away the "ghosts of epidemics and disasters" so that they would be free from disease and disaster in the coming year. This is the origin of the "New Year's Eve" festival. "New Year's Eve" also had many other names in ancient times, such as New Year's Eve, Zhuchu, Suizhu, Suizhi, Daji, Daji, etc. Although there are many names, they all mean nothing more than seeing off the old and welcoming the new, dispelling diseases and eliminating disasters. )
The first day of the first lunar month: the Spring Festival
(It is the first of the year in the lunar calendar, commonly known as the "New Year". The origin of the Spring Festival has a history of more than 4,000 years in our country It is the most lively and solemn traditional festival in our country. The ancient Spring Festival refers to the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar. After the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Spring Festival was moved to the end of the year and generally refers to the Spring Festival. Throughout spring, when the earth returns to spring and everything is renewed, people regard it as the beginning of a new year. In the early years of the Republic of China after the Revolution of 1911, after the lunar calendar was changed to the Gregorian calendar, the first month of the year was designated as the Spring Festival. On September 27, 1949, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference officially designated the New Year on the first day of the first lunar month as the "Spring Festival", so many people still call the Spring Festival the New Year)
年: < /p>
(Everyone often refers to the Spring Festival as "Celebrating the New Year", but the original meaning of "Nian" is completely different from today's. It is said that in ancient times, there was one of the most ferocious beasts in the world called "Nian". ". It grows bigger than a camel. It runs faster than the wind and roars louder than thunder. When it comes out, it eats people and harms animals. People's lives are seriously threatened. God wants to punish" "Nian" locked it in the mountains and allowed it to come out only once a year. Through long-term practice, people discovered that "Nian" has "three fears" - fear of red color, fear of sound, and fear of fire. So one year On the 30th night of the twelfth lunar month, everyone put up red paper on the door, kept beating gongs and drums, and set off firecrackers. In the evening, the house was lit with lights all night long. When I came to see it in the evening of the "New Year", every house was brightly lit; when I heard the sound of firecrackers everywhere, , it was so frightened that it did not dare to enter the village.
During the day, it secretly came down the mountain again, and saw that the doors were still red and there were banging noises everywhere. It frightened it so much that it turned around and ran back. From then on, "Nian" never dared to come again. It is said that he starved to death in the deep mountains and old forests. Later, people turned to guarding against the "Nian" and "driving away the Nian" to celebrate the New Year peacefully. "Nian" is gone, but the custom of celebrating the New Year is still maintained. Bright red Spring Festival couplets, brilliant lights, crisp firecrackers, and loud gongs and drums are like this every year.
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