Learning psychology well is like learning other knowledge. Every subject has its own terminology, and learning psychology requires understanding psychological terminology.
Another language is also important. That's scientific language.
First of all, I want to explain what science is.
Science is a system to explain and predict the form and organization of objective things based on verifiable ordered knowledge.
Science is not faith, and science has evidence to speak for itself.
That's attitude, viewpoint and method! Scientific research must pass observation, hypothesis and verification.
Committed to observing and revealing the truth of nature, and conducting full observation or research on the grounds of nature, including ideological experiments; Assume that the knowledge of organizational system is systematized through such a process; Verification, so as to verify the reliability and validity of the research objectives.
What we want to say about science is that it has been repeatedly verified and is based on statistics.
There is only one isolated evidence, which is generally not called science.
For example, we often hear that someone has a certain disease and gets better after some biased treatment.
So this person said that this folk prescription can treat people all day, which is unscientific.
For example, at the end of the college entrance examination every year, some schools will invite the "top parents" to introduce their educational experience. In fact, although "top parents" educate their children well, their experience is not necessarily scientific.
Maybe some people still can't accept talking like this. Because this is how these people learn life experience.
Give another example, and everyone will be clear.
"Song people have cultivators.
Tanaka has stocks. The rabbit touched the butt of the gun, broke its neck and died.
Let Lei Plant Protection go, hoping to get the rabbit back.
Rabbits can't recover, but as Song said.
Now I hope to use the politics of the former king to manage the people all over the world and protect the stock.
"I think my friends already know that this is a fable from Everything is Wrong and Waiting for the Rabbit.
This Song Man also had the experience of winning rabbits successfully, but his method was too accidental to be verified repeatedly.
The situation of "partial subjects" and "top parents" is also a similar problem.
Therefore, learning must first let oneself have a scientific way of thinking.
Speaking of science, people associate it with superstition.
Superstition is an outdated science.
The knowledge we have today is accumulated by human ancestors for thousands of years.
Suppose you didn't inherit this knowledge in your mind. At night, you were lying awake in a cave, and suddenly a flash of lightning burned the trees at the mouth of the cave.
How do you explain this? You may think that the powerful guy is setting the fire. You don't know who this person is, but you obviously think he is better than yourself, and you will unconsciously imagine that he may be a ghost or a god.
If you cheat someone into eating an apple during the day, you may naturally think of it. This is your punishment for lying.
No matter how you don't know about positive and negative charges, your explanation seems superstitious today.
Next, I will explain what logic is.
We often say that some people speak illogically, while others speak illogically.
Logic is the knowledge that distinguishes the methods and principles of correct reasoning from wrong reasoning.
Induction and deduction are two forms of logic.
Generally speaking, logic has three characteristics.
First, the characteristics, connotation and extension of the concept.
Second, the characteristics of judgment are: first, judgment must decide things; Second, judgments are always true and false.
The characteristics of the third kind of reasoning.
There are four laws in logic at the same time: the law of identity, the law of contradiction, law of excluded middle and the law of full reason.
We usually don't notice these characteristics of logic.
However, when we speak and do things, we often obey and violate the laws of logic by ourselves, just because we don't know.
For example, I passed by the yard the other day and saw many roses in the yard. I think roses are beautiful. Besides, because flowers bloom in winter, I wonder if I can plant some trees in the office.
But after careful observation, I think there are many thorns on the branches of roses. You can help me cut off the thorns to avoid stabbing people.
So I saw the following posts about Baidu.
Someone is asking questions in the "Chinese rose bar". "Everyone says that cutting off thorns has no effect on roses? Parade, on the road! Ask someone to cut the thorn of the hook. Is it possible to hurt the child and affect the plant? " One person answers. "Don't cut. If you point to the thorn and tell him clearly that it hurts, he will remember.
Another person replied, "Remember it once and you won't be seriously injured."
It is good to cultivate children's awareness of danger.
Another person said, "I planted roses on the balcony." At first, I used thorns to stop my children from climbing the railing, trying to prevent big risks with little pain. "
The most incomprehensible thing is: "How old is the child? You created a harmless fantasy for him at home, and he was abused when he entered the society.
"Children who grow up harmlessly can't stand such a blow if they have not been abused in society and have not suffered such pressure. The light will become a mental shadow, and the heavy will have suicidal tendencies, but too harmful environment will cause physical and mental health and safety problems. Like others, we must experience appropriate setbacks to become strong.
This is an example without logical thinking.
These people unconsciously violated the unity of logic. One size fits all means that in the same thinking process, concepts and judgments must be used in the same meaning, but not in different meanings.
In other words, listening and answering are the same thing. You can't say that you don't have an answer and you are confident.
If you are interested in listening to some people's discussions, you will know that the discussion is difficult to be fruitful because some people unconsciously change their ideas and lead to digression.
There can be no reason without logical thinking. If you are confused, you can't tell what real knowledge is.
The third is to explain what knowledge is.
If I don't ask you, you must know the meaning of knowledge, but if I ask you to explain clearly what knowledge is, you will feel unable to say it.
Plato has a classic definition. To become knowledge, a statement must meet three conditions. It must be tested, correct and convincing.
Talking about knowledge means talking about two other concepts, opinions and beliefs.
Knowledge is verified and true.
But opinions only express your opinions, which is different from knowledge, but many people can easily spread opinions as knowledge.
For example, "boys support the poor and girls support the rich", such as "ensuring not to lose to the starting line", these are opinions, not knowledge.
So what is knowledge? For example, "water freezes at zero" is knowledge.
I can't say that water freezes at 0 degrees. That's a little self-righteous
So is the information about psychology. Generally speaking, opinions are popular with the public. In my experience, I read professional books instead of professional books. Knowledge of psychology is hard to see if it is not written by anyone.
Finally, let's distinguish between knowledge and belief. There are also many people who believe in faith, but the faith has not been verified.
You have confidence in a thing or an opinion, and you won't test right or wrong. Basically, this is your belief.
For example, "poverty is good for health, and you don't lose your ambition."
Fourth, explain what a method is.
All our understandings ultimately hope to find a way out of the predicament we are facing.
I have been doing psychological counseling for many years and have mastered some methods. I use these methods to deal with teenagers' psychological problems and learning problems.
What most people don't know is that methods include identification methods and operation methods.
For example, parents often tell me about children and ask me how to solve them.
I usually tell him how to look at this problem, and then I can find the right way.
How to look at the problem is a way of understanding.
For example, a parent said that there are two children in her family, the elder sister is fourteen and the younger brother is two. The boss always dislikes children and sometimes bullies his younger brother.
Ask me what to do.
To deal with this problem, we must understand it from the aspects of children's cognition, emotional satisfaction, jealousy and family rearing patterns.
Only in this way can we find a suitable action method to solve the problem.
For example, a parent thinks that his child can't study and asks how to improve his grades.
Children's intelligence level, learning motivation, learning ability, learning methods, environment and parents' goals should be considered.
Why should we examine our parents' goals? Because there are many mistakes in setting goals, as long as parents set goals correctly, some problems are not problems.
It is because parents set high goals that ordinary things become problems.
This must also be examined.
Many parents don't know how to know, so the method they told me refers to the method of action.
The method of action is also very important. If we can make and implement the plan on the basis of realizing this, most children's problems will be solved.
However, this is not the case. Because some parents can't guide him.
For example, there is a student at home who lies and can't speak normally. He goes to school for three days and basks in the sun for two days. Parents suggested clarifying the rules at home.
Action to action must be language to language.
However, parents can't do it. When parents act with language, language is pale, repetitive, nagging and powerless.
However, parents can't change themselves.
This is the problem.
And my parents. I think children are not wayward people without their initiative.
They want my presentation skills and mechanical means.
In this case, the child will react like that.
There is no such thing.
There are indeed "masters" in the world who say "xx three sentences" to their children every day and promise their parents success. "As long as you do 2 1 day, you will have a different bright future.
"This cheap promise is meaningless, there is no panacea, and there is no omnipotent Lord.
Psychology is a science.
Different psychological schools solve different problems. No schools of psychology can cover everything, no psychologist can cover everything, and his opinions are generally inaccurate.
The article is limited and can't fully explain things, but there are not many mistakes in the overall framework.
Learning knowledge must also use scientific language. Only when science becomes our common language can we respect, understand, guide and make progress.
Reading is like a mirror, and you are surprisingly bold about things.
About xin li: Jia Hongwu, professor, psychologist, expert in anaerobic and thinking ability training in middle schools.
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