Be at peace with the world, and all parties will obey. With a sense of morality, the four countries will follow. It's too late to tell the truth now. Respect for prudence and dignity is the principle of defending the people.
It's today, it's political chaos. Subverting Juede is a waste of wine. Although the lady is cheerful, she is full of enthusiasm. Don't bother the first king to intercede, gram * * * Ming punishment.
If the emperor is prosperous, it will be like a spring, and nothing will be lost in death. Sleeping at night, cleaning the court, Wei Min's chapter. Shore chariots and horses, archers and soldiers, with a ring of Rong, with a savage side.
Quality people, be careful and use it with caution. When Er Shen speaks, he respects your dignity, without exception. Bai Gui's shackles can still be ground; You can't keep your word!
There is nothing to say, nothing to say, nothing to say, nothing to say. No words, no enmity, no virtue and no reward. For the benefit of friends, civilian boy. Children and grandchildren rope, people can not bear.
Treat friends as gentlemen, be gentle and sincere, and never leave. It is worth leaking in your room. If you don't show it, you can't talk about it. God's thinking is not thinking, but thinking!
Coffin is a virtue, which is good for you. ShuShenEr stop, don't indulge in musical instruments. Don't be a tyrant, don't be a thief, rarely. Give me a peach and give it back to Li. He is a boy with horns, a real rainbow boy.
Dye soft wood and silk. Wenwengong is the foundation of Vader. To tell the truth, his wise men went to Shunde. Its dimensions are stupid and it calls me arrogant. Everyone has his own heart.
I wonder if it's a boy. The robber held it in his hand and said something. The bandits look unfamiliar, and they talk about it. Borrow the unknown and hold the baby. People are prosperous, who knows but can't succeed?
The sky is shining, and I am happy. MengMeng, my heart is painful. Please listen to me. Bandits use it to teach, and then use it to abuse. Say "I don't know", and I can learn from it.
So, son, let bygones be bygones. Listen to my plan, and there is no big regret. It's hard for Arabia. It's called mourning the country. Metaphor is not far away, and heaven is not refined. Returning to its virtue will give the people a big thorn.
Translation and annotation translation is elegant, polite and moral. There is an old saying in the ancients: "A wise man is sometimes stupid. Ordinary people are not smart, but they have problems. If a wise man is not clever, it is strange that he is abnormal. There are sages, the country is strong, and the governors from all directions are sincere. The virtue of a gentleman is awe-inspiring, and the princes obey the Qing Dynasty. The founding of the people's Republic of China plans a policy and informs the minister of the long-term national policy. Be cautious in life, and the people take this as the standard. Now the world is in chaos and the national politics is in chaos. Your virtue has been corrupted, and you are drunk with wine and alcohol. I only know how to eat, drink and be merry, and I don't care about inheriting the imperial industry. How can the former king understand the law and benefit the people without extensive levy? God refuses to bless, just like a spring flowing freely, the monarch and the minister share the same interest. You should get up early and go to bed late, clean up the dirt inside and outside and set an example for the people. Clean up your chariots and horses and carefully repair your bow and arrow weapons in case of war and conquest of foreign barbarians. Settle down your common people, obey the law and not be willful. In case of sudden disaster. Speak carefully, behave appropriately, and be gentle and respectable everywhere. There are stains on white jade, which can be polished and cleaned; There is something wrong with your speech, and no matter how hard you try, you can't fix it. Don't spit out your words casually. Don't say, "Don't be careful, no one covers my tongue. "When a word is spoken, it is recalled. Without words and responses, Shide can always get a blessing. Friends and ministers should take care of them, and people's children should be comforted. Children and grandchildren should be careful, and the people are not disobedient. See you entertain the distinguished guests, have a good laugh, and be careful not to make mistakes. Seeing you alone indoors, doing something worthy of the gods. Hugh said, "The light in the room is dim, and no one can see me clearly. "Immortals come and go unpredictably, and they don't know when they will suddenly come. How can such punishment be tiring? Cultivate self-cultivation, cultivate sentiment and make it noble and beautiful. Be cautious, graceful, well-dressed and polite. If you don't make mistakes, you won't harm people and you are rarely imitated. Someone gave me a basket of peaches, and I returned the plums. Nonsense, lambs have horns. It's really a mess of your Zhou Dynasty. Strong and tough wood, making musical instrument chords. Gentle and cautious, good old man, deep foundation and high moral character. If you are a smart person, tell me the old saying and put it into practice immediately. If you are an idiot, say I am wrong, thankless, and it is difficult to induce different people. Alas, young master is too young to tell good from bad. I not only help you communicate with each other, but also teach you to do things. I will not only teach you face to face, but also invite you to listen. You said you were not sensible, and you had a baby in your arms. Although people have shortcomings, who will be wise early and wise late? God knows I'm the happiest in my life. Looking at your confusion, I feel annoyed and sad. Repeatedly patiently teaching you, you neither listen nor listen. I don't know if it's good to teach you, so I arranged it as a joke. How can you say that I am old when you are not sensible? Sigh your young master Wang, listen to me tell you about the old law. If you listen to my opinion, it would be a big mistake and ridiculous. On the last day, disaster arrival, I was afraid of the country's demise. Let me make an analogy nearby. Heaven rewards diligence. If this improper practice is not changed, the Lebanese people will suffer.
Note (1) Suppression: Caution. (2) Corner: Corner refers to square conduct. (3) location: mainly. (4) Hey: perverse. (5) None: send words. Competition: strong. Uighurs: Because of (sage) people. (6) training: obedience. (7) Feeling: It is great to be "enlightened". (8) Mao (xū) Mo: Great plan. Life: decree. (9) Jude: the same as "thinking" and strategy. Chen: On time. (10) James J.S.Wong: Addiction. Zhan, the same as "delay". (1 1) Female: Ru. Although: just. From: preach "vertical" and indulge. (12) Shao: Inheritance. (13) female: no x: hong. Begging: Begging Wang Zhidao first. (14) Gao: Yes. * * *: Pass the "arch", lift, lift. Punishment: law. (15) C: so. Shang: Yusuke. (16): Compared with sinking. Chapter (17): model, criteria. (18) soldiers: weapons. (19) Usage: Used with. Do: get up. (20) ti: Eliminate it and cure it. Barbarian warfare: ethnic tribes in remote areas. (2 1) mass: diazepam. (22) Hou: auxiliary words. (23) Nothing: Nothing. (24) Easy: easy and rash. Author: Yu. (25): Hold down. Me: I, Qin Shihuang, used to call myself emperor. (26) death: chasing. (27) Revenge: Reward and reflect. (28) rope: be careful. (29) Commitment: acceptance. (30) friend: refers to the way of hospitality. (3 1) series: and. (32) Distance: He. Qiān: failure. (33) stage: inspection. (34) House leakage: If the roof leaks, it will be clear, and everything in the dark will be exposed, indicating that the gods will supervise. (35) Cloud: auxiliary words. Gou: Meeting means meeting. (36) case: to. Thinking: auxiliary words. (37) degree (duo): speculation, estimation. (38) Qing (shěn): In addition. Shoot (yi): pass "yi" and be disgusted. (39) Monarch: Cultivate the Ming Dynasty and talk about training methods. Shu: Beautiful. Stop: behavior. (4 1) Sword: ultra vires. Thief: mutilation. (42) Fresh (Xi m \u n): less. Then: the law. (43) children: young, young. This refers to a lamb without horns. (44) Rainbow: Like "Gui", it is chaos. (45) dyeing: toughness. (46) Words: auxiliary words. Wind an instrument. (47) Words: Chen Huan's "On Poetry": "Words should be regarded as mistakes in the word" Yi ". (Classic) Interpretation quotes Shuowen as "lying", and the cloud says: "Lying, so it is also said. The Shuo Wen seen by Lu (Lu Deming) can be collated according to the poem Shuo Wen. "Defamation, an old saying. (48) Yu (wū) Hu: interjection. (49) Zang No (pǐ): likes and dislikes. (50) Bandit (fēi):No. (5 1) Indication: Indication. (52) face-to-face teaching. (53) Borrow: If you say. (54) surplus: perfect. (55) Mo (Mu): Same as "dusk", late. (56) Mengmeng: Same as "dream", faint and unknown. (57) contempt: the appearance of contempt. (58) Abuse: banter under the pretext of "banter". (59) Yu: auxiliary words. Mao: Old. (60) Shu: (6 1) Yue: auxiliary word. (62) te: deviation. (63) Huiqi (Yu): deviant. (64) Spine: Pass "urgency".
Yan said in Preface to Mao Poetry: "In Yan's view, Duke Wu of Wei was stabbed, but he also warned himself. But the ancients were quite controversial about this. " "Guoyu Chu Yu" said: "In the past, Duke Wu of Wei was ninety years old and fifty years old. It is also a warning to the country: as for teachers and teachers under your age, it is meaningless to leave me when I am old. I will be respectful to North Korea and warn me every day. When I heard a sentence or two, I memorized it and accepted it to teach me. There are rules and regulations in the city, official codes, reciting training, swearing (thanking) in the bedroom, learning from history in activities and reciting by faculty and staff at banquets. History does not lose books, but recites them for discipline. Therefore, I wrote Yi Jie as a warning to myself. Wu's Note on the History of the Three Kingdoms: "Zhao refers to the poem" Yi ",and the article" Elegant "is also easy to read. This poem is a poem by Wei Wugong, not a poem. Song Zhuxi's Biography of Poems also holds this view, saying, "Duke Wu of Wei wrote this poem, which makes people recite it every day for self-control. Yao Jiheng's General Theory of the Book of Songs in Qing Dynasty refutes Mao's Preface to Poetry: "If you stab a monarch, you will stab him, and you will be self-disciplined. No two things can be mixed into one text. "People nearby also regard this as a thorn poem rather than a self-deprecating poem. In fact, there is nothing wrong with Preface to Mao's Poems, but there is something wrong with the wording. For example, "Wei Wugong stabbed the king from the police", and it was smooth. Because it seems that self-mockery has nothing to do with stabbing the king, it is actually "the poet's cunning technique, which is properly included in the remonstrance technique initiated by poets in slave society" (Chen Zizhan's Book of Songs).
Since the Song Dynasty, scholars have made detailed textual research on whether the Zhou King was stabbed in Preface to Mao Poetry. Song Dai Kun's "Rat Spectrum" said: "Wu Gong's self-warning lies in the year of arrogance. He has been in power for hundreds of years, and his poem is famous and unknown." Yan ruoqu's Notes on Qian Qiu in Qing Dynasty said: "Wei Wugong ascended the throne in the sixteenth year after he proclaimed the ugliness of the king, and it has been thirty years since Li lost the king, so there is a poem of Li Wang? Still chasing thorns, especially not. When you see the abuse of the monarch, you can only gain enlightenment. When you are dead, you should be Du Kou. " Foreword "The cloud pricks Li Wang, which is untrue." They all pointed out that "suppression" could not be a slander on the king. A further analysis of Wei Yuan's ancient poems in the Qing Dynasty said: "When Wei Wugong wrote" Suppression "as a scholar, it was not more than 30 years from (the king) and not more than 80 years from (the king)." Er ","female "and" male "are all words that draw inferences from one another, and the royal family is among them. "Xiao er chariots and horses, bows and arrows", Ji Fu picked old Beijing, but the words could not. Wei believes that the king of Zhou stabbed by this poem is not Li Wang or you Wang, but Ping Wang, and his opinion is correct. Zhou Pingwang is the son of Zhou Youwang. Wang You is fatuous and cruel. He loves and praises him. Finally, he was killed by Xirong invading army in Lishan. After Wang You's death, Jiujiu was made king. In 770 BC (the second year of Wang Ping), Jin Wengong, Zheng Wugong, Wei Wugong and Qin Xianggong escorted Wang Ping to Luoyi by force, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty began. At that time, Zhou Shi declined, and his ministers sat up. Improper governance, the battle of the gentleman and Yang Zhishui are the works of stabbing "the battle of the gentleman is irregular" and "not caring for its people, but garrisoning its mother's home (Shen Guo)". The author of this poem, Wei Wugong, is an old minister of Zhou, who has experienced four dynasties. Li was exiled, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was promoted and overthrown. He is a witness. King Ping was eighty or ninety years old when he was in power. Seeing Ping Wang's bad character and political darkness, I can't help worrying and angry. He wrote this poem "Suppression".
The first four chapters of this poem are the first part. The first chapter begins with the relationship between philosophy and stupidity. Generally speaking, there are three artistic techniques in The Book of Songs: Fu is superior to Xing. Fu is used here, which is a straightforward statement, but this straightforward statement is not an ordinary narrative but reasoning. It seems that "stupid or not" is the motto of the ancients. Even if you make a thousand mistakes, smart people will make mistakes, so smart people should be careful. The stupidity of ordinary people is their innate defect; However, the stupidity of smart people seems unconventional and puzzling. In Wei Wugong's eyes, Zhou Pingwang is not a fool, but now he has become so unreasonable. He is on the verge of leading the Zhou Dynasty to the abyss of perdition. Wei Wugong very much hopes that Wang Ping can achieve the role of Vader, but the reality is disappointing. Then the author began to persuade and satirize from both positive and negative aspects.
The second chapter points out the importance of seeking virtue and virtue. Seeking talents can level the world, and the phrase "telling the truth is better than telling the truth" is the effect of seeking talents, while Lide can convince people at home and abroad that "respecting and being cautious, respecting the people" is the result of Lide. The third chapter turns to bitter criticism, such as "political chaos", "subversion of morality", "lack of alcohol", "though (only) enjoying oneself (vertically)", "being eager to learn from others" and "seeking the first king", and so on, and lists Wang Ping's six charges at once, which is shocking and seems to be alleviated by the tunes in the symphony. The fourth chapter, "The first three sentences mean to save the emperor and heaven, and it is also clear that it is Wang Yanzhi" (The Book of Songs by Chen Zizhan), and then turn back to a positive warning, asking the rulers (from the perspective of self-esteem, Wei Wugong, from the perspective of stabbing the king, Zhou Pingwang) to get up early and go to bed late to be diligent in political affairs, rectify national defense, and be ready to resist foreign invasion at any time. The phrase "forbearance in doing things and bluffing in doing things" is still fresh in my memory, so I took military deployment as a major issue to attract the attention of Ping Wang.
Chapters five to eight are the second part of the poem, which further explains what to do and what not to do. The author does not hesitate to tell it again and again, especially in the polite attitude towards his subjects and the cautious way of speaking, which is actually a further embodiment of the two important tasks of seeking virtue and virtue in the second chapter. Later, Confucius' so-called "benevolence and forgiveness" and the traditional motto "be sensitive to things and be cautious about words" were fully expounded here. From this perspective, Wei Wugong can be regarded as an ethicist and philosopher. In specific rhetoric, the author pays attention to inserting vivid sentences from time to time in purely reasoning sentences, so that the style is not too rigid and can appear profound and ingenious. For example, "Bai Gui is immortal" in the fifth chapter is an image in metaphor, "untouchable tongue, unspeakable words" in the sixth chapter is an image in action, "in my room, it is worth leaking" in the seventh chapter, and "give me a peach and give me a plum in return" in the eighth chapter is an image in metaphor, but "being a child is a child". Ma's Comments on Mao Poetry in Qing Dynasty compared it with the sentence "If you are drunk, you will get a coffin" in Bin's The First Night Banquet, saying that a poem has horns if it has no horns, and Bin's The First Night Banquet means "If it has horns, you want it to have no horns". The two are related, which shows the beauty of the poet's fable.
The ninth chapter to the last chapter is the third part of this poem. After repeatedly explaining what to do and what not to do, Duke Wu of Wei earnestly warned Wang Ping that he should listen carefully to his own opinions, or there would be a disaster of national subjugation. "Dye soft wood, say silk" is the only two sentences in the poem, which are both exciting and comparable. Only tough wood can make a good piano, and the first-class piano-making wood should be accompanied by soft silk strings. For example, it can be seen that "gentleness, courtesy and frugality are the foundation of Vader", which can be described as earnest. In contrast, the implication of the words "Qi Weiyu" and "Qi Weizhe" is nothing more than this: Your Majesty, listening to me is wise, and not listening to me is a bad king. Please think twice! His words turned inward, soft and firm. Chapter 10 below is "What bandits carry with them and what they say; The bandit's face is told by two progressive complex sentences, which is the embryonic form of later generations' face-beating, and extremely vividly shows the anxiety and anger of an excellent veteran who hates iron and does not produce steel. In chapter 1 1, four groups of overlapping words are used together, which further enhances the intensity of this anxiety. So in the last chapter, the author once again made a final warning in the tone of "Yu Hu Xiaozi", pushing the whole poem to * * *. It's a bitter lament that "it's impossible to be far away, and heaven is wonderful", just like "Yin Jian is not far away, in the boundary" at the end of "Daya Dang". Today's readers are still thrilling in the face of such angry words. I wonder how Zhou Pingwang will react when he reads this poem. However, no matter what the effect is, the position of this poem "Praising the Ancestor of the Ming Dynasty through the ages" (Wu Kaisheng's Poetry Will Die) should be unshakable. Apart from its own aesthetic value from the literary point of view, it is also a mine of idioms from the linguistic point of view, such as "Sleeping all night", "Bai Gui is immortal", "You can't ask your tongue", "Give me a peach", "Face my life with your ears" and "Warn me earnestly".
Poetry works: poetry suppression Author: pre-Qin anonymous poetry classification: The Book of Songs