Qin was destroyed by the Chu people. Chen Sheng, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang were all Chu people.
"Although there are three Chu schools, the death of Qin will lead to Chu", a famous saying from the era of resisting Qin rule, from Sima Qian's Historical Records of Xiang Yu in the Western Han Dynasty. It means that even if there are only a few families left in Chu, Qin can be destroyed. Although the metaphor is small, you can succeed with great determination. It represents an emotional conviction.
Historical materials about the national uprising that overthrew the rule of Qin Dynasty are mainly recorded in Historical Records, especially the biographies of Xiang Yu, Gao Zu, Qin Chu's Moon Table, Chen She Family, Zhang Er Chen Yu and Tian Xian. As an advocate of anti-Qin, Chen Sheng's historical contribution was fully affirmed at that time and later generations. However, his fighting spirit and unshakable anti-Qin belief have not been clearly identified.
After Chen Sheng's death, the war against Qin took a sharp turn. Qin Jun's LianZhanLianJie, headed by Zhang Han, is invincible, and the great cause of anti-Qin is about to be destroyed. This time, Xiang Liang, the Chu people, took Chen Sheng as the seal, led the troops to cross Huai River, and collected Chen Ying, Lv Chen, Liu Bang and other troops. In order to show that he is Chen Sheng's orthodoxy, Xiang Liang destroyed Qin Jia, the king of Chu, and made Chu Huaiwang Sun Xin Chu Huaiwang. At that time, the power of Chu was far less than that of Chen Sheng in its heyday, but under the command of Xiang Liang, it actively sought to confront Qin Jun. Soon, Qin Jun was defeated in Dong 'a (now northeast of Yanggu, Shandong Province), Chengyang (now northeast of Heze, Shandong Province), Puyang and Qiu Yong (now Qixian, Henan Province), and Qin Jun's arrogance was defeated. From the beginning of his official career, Xiang Liang developed the idea of underestimating his enemy's paralysis, and was defeated and died by the reinforced Qin Jun. Chu Huaiwang assembled the armies of Xiang Yu, Liu Bang and Lv Chen and redeployed to attack the State of Qin. At that time, the commander-in-chief thought that Xiang Liang was defeated and Chu was careless, so he sent troops to attack Zhao. Thus, Zhao Di Julu (now Pingxiang, Hebei) became the main battlefield against Qin. After the defeat of Xiang Liang, the power of Chu was greatly weakened. Nevertheless, Chu Huaiwang drove his troops to the battlefield to fight against Qin: the main force of the Chu army was led by Yi Song to Zhao Chiyuan, and the other division was led by Liu Bang to explore Qin. From this point of view, Sima Qian put Chen Sheng's career in the pen until Xiang Liang established Chu Huaiwang's heart, [9] which is very insightful. This fully proves that Chu established by Xiang's family is indeed the legal system of Chen Sheng's spirit and career. With the heart of the king, this decision officially kicked off the Qin Dynasty.
Originally, Xiang Yu planned to join Liu Bang in the Western Expedition to destroy Qin and avenge the death of his uncle Xiang Liang, but Wang Huai refused. Xiang Yu was appointed as his deputy and led an army to save Zhao. Chu Shuai-he was awed by his great strength and stayed in Anyang (now southeast of Cao County, Shandong Province) for 46 days to avoid contact with Qin Jun. Xiang Yu was killed and led the Chu army to the battlefield of decisive battle with Qin State. Faced with the imposing manner, not only did the governors of all walks of life dare not make a move, but even Zhao's own peripheral forces, such as Zhang Ao, stayed put. Only the Chu army, under the command of Xiang Yu, joined forces and threw themselves into a battle that decided the fate of the world without hesitation. In the battle, the Chu army was brave and good at fighting, and finally defeated Qin under the giant deer, which not only defeated, but also made all the princes change their minds. Since then, Xiang Yu, as the commander-in-chief of the vassal coalition forces, has led troops to pursue Qin Jun, winning many battles. In the end, the allied forces completely destroyed Qin Jun's fighting spirit in the Sanhushui area, and Qin Jun's main force surrendered to the allied forces in July of three years in Qin Ershi. Without Chu's bloody battle, Xiang Yu's resolute determination and good command, the success of aid and the demise of Qin State would be unimaginable.
Liu Bang's westward advance is also the embodiment of Chu's determination to destroy Qin. The Chronicle of Emperor Gaozu said: "When it is, Qin Bing is powerful, and he often pushes his victory to the north. General Molly must enter the customs first. " This shows that the westward movement is an act of aggression divorced from reality. Under the premise of taking aiding Zhao as the main strategic goal, the number of people led by Liu Bang is very limited. Therefore, Chu Huaiwang granted Liu Bang the right to "take Wang Chen and Xiang Liang away". This is equivalent to letting Liu Bang find a way to solve the problem of military resources himself. The situation that Liu Bang faced was to fight from the base area, and his way of fighting was to fight and leave. Its situation is similar to that of Zhou Wenbu in Chen Sheng's period, but its strength is greatly inferior, and its alertness and combat effectiveness to the enemy are greater than that of Zhou Wenbu. However, these difficulties failed to frighten Liu Bang and his troops. They went west with the indomitable spirit of the Chu army and the determination to die in the state of Qin. The westward war was not smooth. Liu Bangbu won some battles, but he also met some difficult enemies and cities, such as Changyi (now northwest of Jinxiang, Shandong Province), Kaifeng and Luoyang, which were not captured. In this case, Liu Bangbu's Western Expedition is tantamount to being surrounded by the enemy. Until the capture of Nanyang County (now the Xianghe area in the southwest of Henan Province and the north of Hubei Province), Liu Bangbu had a bright future. When he arrived at the south gate of Qin Dynasty, Qin Jun's main force had surrendered to Xiang Yu. After a series of fierce battles, Liu Bangbu successively breached Wuguan and Guiguan (now southeast of Lantian, Shaanxi Province), and finally defeated the main force of Qin in Lantian and arrived at the gates of Xianyang, Qin Dou. Zi Ying, the king of Qin, saw that the tide was over and surrendered to Liu Bangjun in Kaesong. At this point, the great cause of anti-Qin initiated by Chen Sheng was completed by Liu and Xiang.
In addition, when Liu Bang headed west, Chu Huaiwang ordered the generals to "settle in Guanzhong first and be king". Although this order was issued to the generals of the Chu army, its influence was national. According to Biography of Emperor Gaozu, the defenders of Nanyang knew this order when they were in Qin Dynasty. Zhao envoy Sima ang will also cross the river to enter the customs; Wu Rui, the king of Changsha, led Xun Mei to the vicinity of Wuguan. This shows that Chu has begun to dominate the world. Although this greatness was laid by Chen Sheng earlier, there is no doubt that Chu destroyed the dominant position of Qin.
Reference link:
The Dead Qin Bichu _ Baidu Encyclopedia
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