The early Thirteen Wings War in Mongolia refers to the fact that after Temujin proclaimed himself Khan (not Genghis Khan later), Jamukha organized the Thirteenth Army to attack Temujin, and Temujin also organized Thirteen armies were mobilized to resist Jamukha.

The Battle of Thirteen Wings was huge. The total troops invested by both sides were said to be 60,000 (Zhamuka’s side was 30,000 and Temujin’s was 30,000).

This number is relatively high. You must know that after Temujin unified Mongolia, his total military strength was estimated to be only about 100,000. The War of Thirteen Wings was just an internal conflagration in Mongolia, and there were four major tribes coexisting in the outside world. In this context, how could they have 60,000 people?

But in any case, wars of this scale are very rare within Mongolia.

Contrary to everyone's expectations, the battle of Thirteen Wings seemed to be fought in such a confusing manner that we could not figure out who would win and who would lose in this war.

In the traditional Chinese history book "Yuan Shi", the winner of the Battle of Thirteen Wings was Jamuka. It's just that after Jamuka's victory, he set up seventy cauldrons to cook the prisoners alive.

Because this kind of cruel behavior made Jamuka lose the hearts of the people, so although Jamuka won the battle of the Thirteen Wings, he was still defeated, and many people turned to the defeated Temuhe. real.

In the "History" written by the Persians, the winner of the Thirteen Wings Battle was Temujin. It was Temujin who set up seventy cauldrons and cooked the prisoners alive. But for Temujin's brutal behavior, no one expressed any reaction: just let it be boiled!

The same thing, in different history books, there is such a big difference?

What’s even more amazing is that in the "Records of the Holy Warriors" written by the Mongols, the winner of the Thirteen Wings Battle was also Temujin, but he did not raise the Seventy The prisoners were boiled alive in large pots. It was Jamukha who was short of food when he failed to escape, so he set up seventy-two large stoves to cook wolves for food.

Which one of the three opinions is correct? No mortal can know except God.

But whether it is Temujin or the Mongol conqueror, the image in traditional Chinese history books is completely different from the image in Western history books. The different descriptions of the Thirteen Wings Battle are just a concrete manifestation of this difference.

In traditional Chinese history books, although Temujin is not a model of persuading others with virtue, he is not a villain either. If people are willing to regard him as a hero, he really is somewhat of a hero.

In the traditional Persian history books, Temujin was a terrifying conqueror and even more of a ferocious demon. Wherever he passed, there was chaos and wailing.

Why is there such a big difference between Temujin and the Mongol conqueror in traditional Chinese history books and traditional Persian history books? Obviously the reasons should be found in their respective cultures.

The image of Temujin in Chinese history is usually not too evil, because the Chinese people see Temujin as just a noble boy who fell to the bottom of the class, and finally became Genghis Khan from scratch. From the perspective of heroic legend, this kind of writing is very inspirational.

Temujin seemed to have been bullied by others throughout his boyhood: he was captured and almost killed, but was rescued by a kind-hearted family; the whole family was so poor that they only had eight horses left. , and was almost stolen in the end; not long after getting married, his wife was robbed again; luck finally turned around, and he got his wife back with the help of his godfather and step-brother, but not long after, he was robbed by his jealous step-brother. Beaten to pieces...

Writing like this obviously narrows the distance between Temujin and the readers. This kind of hero who endures humiliation and endures heavy burdens is also very easy to resonate with readers.

Later Temujin also always appeared as a hero who endured humiliation and endured heavy burdens, because he seemed to be forced to respond to battles throughout his life and rarely took the initiative to attack others.

At first, in order to avenge his father's murder, he cooperated with the Kingdom of Jin and beat up the Tatar tribe; his great-grandfather's family (the master's Qi family) openly bullied him, so he could only He was forced to fight back; Jamukha saw that his power was getting stronger and stronger, and led a large group of people to attack him. He was forced to fight back again, and finally Jamukha was defeated; Wang Han and his son plotted to kill him, and he again He was forced to fight back, and Wang Han was severely defeated.

After unifying Mongolia, Monlik’s son beat Temujin’s second brother and forced his younger brother to kneel down. He had no choice but to fight back; in order to free the Mongolian tribes from being enslaved by the Jin Kingdom, He also led everyone to attack the Kingdom of Jin; he was dedicated to getting along well with Khorezm, but Khorezm killed Mongolian businessmen for no reason; Temujin did not want to make the matter bigger, so he sent envoys to resolve related issues peacefully, and Khorezm He killed the Mongol envoys, so Temujin was forced to march west...

Speaking of the Mongol army's conquest of the Central Plains, traditional Chinese history books recorded this: "Today the Central Plains is roughly determined, but the mistakes are still arbitrary. Soldiers looting is not the intention of the king to show mercy to the people. "Mu Huali said: "Good." He ordered that no looting be allowed, and all the captured people were sent back to the fields. The army was in awe, and the officials and the people were very happy. When the troops arrived at Fuyang, Wu Gui, the envoy of Jinxingzhou Jiedu, surrendered and attacked Tianping Village and destroyed it. Send the Mongolian troops to Wei, Huai, and Mengzhou in Hebei without spending time, and then enter Jinan. Yan Shiji has 300,000 households in Xiang, Wei, Ci, Ming, En, Bo, Hua, Jun and other prefectures, and he has surrendered to the army.

When the Mongolian army conquered the south of the Yangtze River, Kublai Khan said: "In the past, Cao Bin brought peace to the south of the Yangtze River because he did not have a bloodlust. Your body and mind are worthy of me, Cao Bin."

The above contents are all Chinese historical materials. If you look at these historical materials, whether it is Temujin or the Mongol conquerors of later generations, how can they be cruel at all? It’s clearly a white lotus!

Is this true? Of course it's not true. Let's look at Temujin and the later Mongol conquerors written by the Persians.

In Persian history books, Temujin has two famous quotes.

The first famous saying is: The greatest pleasure in life is killing people, setting fires, robbing money, and raping other people’s wives and daughters.

To put it more elegantly, "The happiest thing in life is to rob the enemy's cattle, sheep and property, and have something indescribable happen to his wife and daughter in front of a man."

The second famous saying is: Why should I kill you? Because you are guilty. You may want to ask me, what crime have you committed? Then ask God, if you are not guilty, how could you meet me?

To put it simply, the fact that you met Temujin proves that you did nothing good in your previous life. Otherwise, how could the benevolent God allow you to encounter the demonic Temujin?

Through the above comparison, can we draw a conclusion: Chinese history books have been beautifying Temujin, while Persian history books have been vilifying Temujin?

The answer is obviously not so.

For the Chinese with relatively developed secular culture, Temujin’s utterance of these two classic quotes can only prove that he is a villain, and he is also a villain who likes bandit logic.

For Westerners with relatively developed religious culture, these two classic sayings of Temujin are full of a strange and absurd charm. In fact, if you take a closer look at the great religions in history, they all have this strange and absurd charm.

Everyone has believed in religion and gods for a long time, but have the people at the bottom really gotten everything they hoped for? Apparently not.

Religion says that all living beings are equal, but what is the result? There is a widespread caste system in the area, and there are even untouchables; religion says that there must be love, but what is the result? The Middle Ages are called the darkest age in the world; religion says that those who believe in me will have eternal life, but they waited for Temujin.

Faced with this sad fact, everyone can’t help but ask a question: Once a demon like Temujin appears, can religion protect me? Obviously not. If religion can protect me, why would I send Temujin to cause trouble to the world?

They knelt on the ground and prayed to the gods, but those high-flying clay puppets were indifferent. They only looked at these poor believers with pity, but they looked helpless.

If you meet a legendary Erzhizi, he will definitely hold an iron pickaxe and stand in front of the statue to threaten the gods: I have believed in you for so many years, but you act like a normal person at the critical moment. . If you don’t give me an explanation today, I will chop your head into pieces first!

I once read a story about a warlord who saw that his territory was suffering from drought for years, and the people went to the Dragon King Temple to pray for rain to no avail. Faced with this situation, the warlord directly set up a cannon in front of the Dragon King Temple: I give you a limit of three days for it to rain. If you dare to disobey, I will blow up your nest! Don't tell me, it rained the next day. It seems that the gods also bully good and fear evil.

The problem is, not every time you intimidate the gods, there will be good results. More importantly: if everyone plays this trick, where is the dignity of the gods?

In this context, the representatives of the gods in the human world will naturally stand up to seek justice and persuade such idiots not to be impulsive. What did they say? In fact, it seems familiar to Temujin’s second famous quote.

Why did Temujin kill you? Because you are guilty. You may ask, what crime have you committed? You can only ask yourselves. If you are not guilty, why would the gods allow you to meet Temujin? Even if you haven’t committed any crime in this life, what about your previous life? What about the previous life? When things happen, you should look for the reasons within yourself instead of always emphasizing objective reasons, let alone blame others, especially gods!

If this argument can be established, then Temujin is a representative sent by the gods to the human world to carry out righteous judgments on behalf of heaven. If you are dissatisfied with Temujin, you are dissatisfied with God. With such an explanation, everyone’s knots in their minds can be sorted out, right?

Lala Zaza talked so much, but never talked about today’s theme, the Battle of the Thirteen Wings. It’s not that I don’t want to talk about it, but different historical materials have different records. What should I say? There's no way to tell.

In this regard, I can only explain to you in detail that Chinese history books write Temujin like a hero, while Persian history books write Temujin like a devil. Behind these two writing methods are due to the different cultural backgrounds of both parties.

Chinese history books believe that although Temujin failed militarily, Jamukha's brutality was unpopular with the people. Therefore, Temujin won the allegiance of many people even though he was defeated. This is the so-called "gaining". "The one who wins the hearts of the people wins the world."

Persian history books believe that Temujin represented the gods in every word and deed, so he was able to win, and he was even more capable of doing shocking things (boiling seventy prisoners alive). Protected from accusations by the gods.

I believe everyone has seen a lot about Chinese history books. Today I will post a few original words from the Persian work "Historical Collection" to see how they recorded the Battle of the Thirteen Wings. .

“With the help of the highest truth, Genghis Khan used these thirteen gullies to annihilate the enemy’s thirty thousand cavalry. Under the sunshine of Genghis Khan’s happiness, the enemy disappeared like dust disappearing into the sky.< /p>

On the bank of the river in that place, there was a forest. Genghis Khan was stationed there and ordered seventy pots to be set up in the fire, in which the enemies caught in rebellion would be boiled alive. The Tibu were frightened and immediately surrendered."

When writing the history before Temujin became Khan (not the later Genghis Khan), "Historical Collection" said this.

"He was very dissatisfied until the last twenty-eight years passed. Only then did the highest truth gain him strength and help him, making his career turn upward and become more and more successful."

For the Chinese who are indifferent to religion and culture, this record is incredible. Not only did he not conceal Temujin's cruelty, but he praised this cruelty, thinking that it was the will of the gods, a bit like "Thunder, rain and dew are all God's grace."

But one thing is undeniable. Although the writing methods of the two sides are different, there is not much difference in the core. They are both praising Temujin, but in different ways.

For example, Temujin’s two famous sayings are heinous in our view, but in the eyes of Persia and the West, they are warnings that can represent the gods, which is equivalent to placing Temujin as the "spokesman of the gods." " position.

For a long time, people have always asked me what I think of these two famous quotes by Temujin. The article I wrote today answers this question: the so-called famous quotes by Temujin are just a kind of Persian thinking (or Western thinking) is just an alternative way of flattering, and it is by no means a disparagement, let alone a straightforward statement.

The reason why people misunderstand the original meaning of these two sentences is because they do not understand religious culture. It is precisely because of the different cultural backgrounds of the two sides that when recording the battle of the Thirteen Wings, the writing styles of the two sides were naturally different.

In fact, both Temujin and the Mongolian army present completely different images in Eastern and Western history books. It is difficult to say which historian's records are more authentic and objective.