Alexander Du Masi Fils (French: alexandre dumasfils Pronunciation: [A.L.? k.sɑ？ d？ Dy.ma], formerly known as Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie, [dy.ma da.vi? Delapa Jay? . t？ I],1802-1February 5, 870),19th century French romantic writer, the author of the world literary masterpiece Revenge on Mount Kido.
Dumas taught himself and wrote 300 books in his life, mainly known for his novels and plays. His most famous works include The Count of Monte Cristo, three musketeers, Twenty Years Later and Viscount Lorna in Prague, the last three of which are collectively called the romantic trilogy of Daldanian.
Family background:
Dumas son of the same name is also a famous French writer and the author of La Traviata. For the sake of distinction, it is called Dumas in French. The translation of Dumas was translated by Lin, a translator in the late Qing Dynasty.
Alexandre Alexandre David de Labaille, the grandfather of Dumas, once served as the chief quartermaster of artillery in the French government. 1760 moved to Santo Domingo (now Haiti). 1762 On March 27th, a slave girl named Cecil Dumas gave birth to a boy named Thomas Alexander, Dumas father, and his surname was Dumas.
1780 or so, the marquis and his son returned to Paris. Thomas Alexander 1786 joined the army. He joined the army under the name of Dumas. In the French Revolution that broke out soon after, he became a general under Napoleon from an ordinary soldier with extraordinary courage and courage.
Life:
Dumas was born in Ville-Coatley (near Paris) on July 24th, 802. He lives alone with his mother. When he was thirteen, he didn't read any books. He wandered in the forest all day, hungry and full of wild birds.
Later, as a trainee in the notary office, Dumas met a noble friend named Adolf and led him into the palace of literature. Adolf took Dumas to learn about drama and the works of poets such as Lamartin, so Dumas decided to become a writer. Dumas went to Paris to conquer the world with ninety francs won by playing marbles. A general saw that his handwriting was good, and for his father's sake, he was recommended to work as a clerk in the Duke of Orleans, so that he could make a living. He often copied scripts for French theaters to supplement his family, and later he couldn't help writing his own scripts. Three years later, his first play, Henry III and His Court, made him stand out in the literary world. 1844' s Revenge of Kidu Mountain made him a famous writer, and his reputation never waned. He wrote more than 150 novels, more than 90 plays and 250 volumes of anthology in his life, with an amazing amount of creation, more than 270 kinds of works, and even wrote a cookbook, which has a lasting charm in French popular literature.
Dumas, who was originally generous in nature, became more extravagant after becoming famous. He often travels around Europe. Pretending to be the "Count of Monte Cristo", he spent a huge sum of 200,000 francs to build a neo-Gothic Monte Cristo castle in Saint-Germain-en-Lysen near Paris, where he entertained friends and mistresses and held banquets and dances. 1847 On July 25th, the gourmet Dumas entertained 50 guests, including Balzac, a great French writer. He built another castle-like villa with the same name in a forest.
Spending a lot of money in life often leads to heavy debts, and he has to earn a lot of money by a large number of works. Entrusting others to write is a necessary means, so his works are generally praised and criticized by researchers. Due to profligacy and the exhaustion of creativity, Dumas lived in poverty in his later years. In order to pay his debts, he auctioned off two castles. His last mistress was American actress Ida Monken. Later, when she was acting, she fell off her horse and died. Dumas buried her, came to Dumas' house with a blue umbrella drunk and said loudly, "Son, I'm here to die." Half a month later, Dumas died at the age of 68. Dumas sorted out his relics and found that only the last few dollars were left in the inheritance.
In 2002, French President Jacques Chirac announced that Dumas would be moved to the Pantheon, thus enjoying this honor together with writers victor hugo and Zola.
Literary features:
Dumas famously said, "What is history? It's just a nail in my novel. Most of his novels are based on real history, with vivid twists and turns, often unexpected, and are known as historical thrillers. Dumas' novels are characterized by clear structure, vivid and powerful language and flexible dialogue. Dumas is not the only author of this novel, but August Ma Kai, a middle school teacher, also participated in the creation. It was introduced that Ma Kai sent the three-act drama Carnival Night to Dumas for modification and polishing, and renamed it Bathilde, which was well received on the Paris stage. Ma Kai also wrote the historical novel Goodman Dewey and sent the manuscript to Dumas. Dumas rewrote the emaciated Goodman Dewey into Knight of Amanda Reyes, which was serialized in the news and was a great success. Dumas never stopped and wrote hundreds of novels in his life. Andrew Lan, a British scholar and poet, said: "Dumas must have a tuning fork to set the tone before he can sing;" Once he mastered the tone, he could sing in the torrent. 」
A biography of Dumas said: "If you only want to read Dumas' novels, please read three musketeers;" If you have time to read three books, please add the story of Monte Cristo and La Reine Margot. If you want to read five books, add Twenty Years Later and Mrs. Monsoreau; If you choose ten volumes of Dumas' works, then add Watchman, Forty-five Guards, My Memories, Anthony and Viscount Bozhilun. If you have read these ten books, you will be addicted, so we don't need to recommend you to read other works ... "
Main works:
Historical novels-
D 'Artagnan Trilogy (with Louis XIV in the heyday of France as the background);
Three musketeers (or three musketeers, the old chivalrous man) (Vol. 1, Vol. 2) Les Trois Mousquetaires [France], three musketeers [UK].
"Twenty Years Later" (old translation of "Poems of the Continued Summer") (Volume 3 to Volume 5) Vingt ans après[ France], 20 years later [UK]
Viscount Lorna in Blage (also translated as Viscount Brezhlong, old translated as man in the iron mask, subsequent chivalrous stories and small chivalrous stories) (Volume 6 to11) Le Vicomte de Bragelome [France], The Vicomte de brage lone[ UK].
The Valo Dynasty trilogy (also known as the "Battle of Henry III" trilogy, set in the French religious war)
La Reine Margot (also translated as La Margo, 1845, La Margo [France]).
Mrs. Monsoreau Monsoreau [France]
Forty-five guards [English]
A series of novels describing the collapse of the French monarchy (with the French Revolution as the background);
Yue Se Balsamo (also translated as Balsamo, weatherman)
Queen necklace France, Queen necklace England
Knight in the Red Chamber (also translated as Knight in the Red Chamber) Le Chevatier de Maison-Rogue [France],
Knight of the Red House [England]
Ange Pitu [France]
A novel describing the Napoleonic era;
The story of two heroes (also known as Black Boy and the companion of Grand Theft Auto and Yu Ye) Les compagnons de jéHu[ France], the companion of Jehu[ England].
White blue [France] white blue [England]
Knight of Saint Hellmin [France] The Last Knight [England]
Count of Monte Cristo (or Revenge of Mount Kido) Count of Monte Cristo [France], Count of Monte Cristo [England]
A rare love novel;
Queen of the night (also translated as Queen of the Night) queen of the night [French], queen of the night [UK].
Other novels:
Ascanio, as Gagno [English]
Doomsday tyrant
The Battle of Skirts and Hairpins
Commander of the wolf
Robin Hood
The tragic history of Mary after Sue.
Drama [editor]
Henry III and His Court (1829): Created a new literary genre-historical drama and romantic drama, and broke the "three unifications" of classicism.
Anthony (183 1 year)
Napoleon (183 1 year)
English:
Alexandre dumasfils, formerly known as Dumas David de la Pai Lettry; July 24 1802? –1February 5th 1870), also known as alexandre dumasfils, is a French writer. His works have been translated into nearly 100 languages, and he is one of the most widely read French writers. Many of his adventure historical novels were originally published in serial form, including The Count of Monte Cristo, three musketeers, Twenty Years Later and Viscount Blagi: Ten Years Later. Since the beginning of the 20th century, his novels have been adapted into nearly 200 films. Dumas' unfinished last novel, Knight of Saint Hemin, was written by a scholar and published in 2005, which became a best seller. It was published in English as The Last Knight in 2008.
Several prolific schools, Dumas began his career to write plays, which was a successful production from the first. He also wrote many magazine articles and travel books; His published works total100,000 pages. ? 1840s, Dumas founded Tai? The history of Paris.
Dumas' father, General Thomas Alexander David de la Pai Lettry, was born in the French colony of Santo Domingo (present-day Haiti) to a French aristocrat and an enslaved African woman. At the age of 14, Thomas Alexander was taken to France by his father, where he was educated in a military academy and entered the army, and became an outstanding career.
His father's aristocratic status helped young Alexander get the job of Louis-Philippe, Duke of Orleans. He later began to discover early success as a writer. Decades later, in the Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte 185 1 election, Dumas fell out of favor and left France for Belgium, where he stayed for several years. After leaving Belgium, Dumas went to Russia for several years, and then to Italy. In 186 1 year, he founded and published the newspaper independence to support Italy's reunification efforts. He returned to Paris on 1864.
Although married, according to the tradition of French upper class, Dumas has many affairs (it is said that as many as 40 times). In his life, people know that he has at least four illegitimate children or "illegitimate children"; Although scholars in the 20th century found that Dumas gave birth to three other "illegitimate children". He acknowledged and helped his son alexandre dumasfils to become a successful novelist and playwright. They are called Father alexandre dumasfils and Father Alexandre Dumas fils. In his affair, 1866 Dumas once had an affair with Ada Isaacs Menken, an American actress who was less than half his age and was at the peak of her career.
Watts Phillips, an English playwright, knew Dumas in his later years. He described Dumas as "the most generous and generous person in the world". He is also the most interesting and conceited creature on earth. His tongue is like a windmill-once it starts, you never know when it will stop, especially if the subject is himself.
Personal life:
1 February, 2008 1840, Du Masi married the actress Ida ferrier (formerly known as Margaret-Jose Fina Ferrand) (181–1859). He has many affairs with other women, and it is known that they have given birth to at least four children:
The son of Alexander Du Masi (1824–1895) and Mary Laurie-Catherine Rabe (1794–1868), a tailor. He became a successful novelist and playwright.
Mary-Alexander Du Masi (183 1- 1878, March 5th), daughter of Bell Cressam (1803- 1875).
Mica? La-Clarie-Josephine- Elizabeth Cordia (born in 1860), daughter of Emily Cordia.
Henry Bauer, the son of a woman named Bauer.
About 1866, Dumas had an affair with Ada Isaacs Menken, a famous American actress. She played her sensational role in Mazeppa in London. In Paris, her "Pirates of Savannah" was sold out and was at the peak of her success.
These women are part of nearly 40 mistresses of Dumas discovered by scholar Claude Schopp, and there are three illegitimate children. For decades, Schopp has been studying Dumas, mainly his works.