Makarenko (1888～1939) Makarenko, Anton Semiohovich, Soviet educator and writer. He began his education career after graduating from the primary school teacher training class in 1905. He has served as a primary school teacher and principal since 1905. In 15 years of educational practice, he has accumulated rich experience and laid the foundation for his educational thoughts. After 1920, he successively presided over the Gorky Engineering Group and the Dzerzhinsky Children's Labor Commune, engaged in the education and reform of street children and juvenile delinquents. He proposed principles and methods for educating children through collective and productive labor, as well as education in the collective, enriching his educational theory. In 1935, Makarenko served as deputy director of the Administration of the Work and Study Corps of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Party and the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. He was also engaged in writing, theoretical writings and academic lectures.

Makarenko’s famous saying:

1. The teacher collective and the children’s collective are not two collectives, but one collective, and an educational collective. At the same time, I think we should not educate individual people, but educate the entire collective. This is the only way to have correct education.

2. The dialectical nature of the education process requires teachers to pay full attention to the entire method system. The method system itself should never be dead or solidified, it should always be changing and always developing, especially because children are growing up and entering new stages of social and personal development, and our country is also Growing and changing.

3. If someone asks me: How can I summarize the essence of my educational experience in a simple formula, I will answer: I must demand as much from a person as possible and respect a person as much as possible. people.

4. Using beatings to educate children is similar to how apes educate their offspring.

5. Your own behavior is of decisive significance in education.

6. Even the best children can quickly turn into a bunch of little beasts if they live in a poorly organized group.

7. The era we live in is an era in which scientific principles have been well revised by practical workers. ?In our educational undertakings, we must also make various inventions.

8. The new pedagogy is not produced in the painful suffering of abstract ideas, but in the living actions of people, in the traditions and reactions of real collectives, in the spirit of friendship and discipline. produced in new forms.

9. Prestige must be created by oneself, and any opportunity in life must be used to establish prestige. In a good group, prestige cannot be destroyed. The collective itself supports it.

10. Human sexual life should be essentially different from the sexual life of other animals, including the difference in the purpose of sexual education.

11. The teacher's heart should be filled with love for every specific child he has to deal with, even though the child's character has been very corrupted, even though he may bring many unpleasant things to the teacher .

12. If sex is considered to exist independently of the entire development of personality, it cannot be a correct social education.

13. The power of public opinion in children’s collectives is entirely a material and tangible educational power.

14. The integrity and unity of the family collective is a basic condition for good education.

15. Whenever we have an impact on individuals, this impact must also be an impact on the collective.

16. Only when children have developed a proper attitude towards people’s private lives, and only when children have become accustomed to maintaining virginal silence about certain things, that is to say, only when children grow up Only then can you talk about sex life with them.

17. Today’s parents educate their children to create the future history of their country, and therefore the history of the world.

18. Will? This is not simply desire and the satisfaction of desire, but also desire and restraint, desire and giving up. If your child is trained only to fulfill his own wishes, he will not have the greatest will.

19. School is a place where sexual issues are seriously discussed. It is a place where boys understand issues such as hygiene and abstinence. It is also a place where older children understand the dangers of sexually transmitted diseases.

20. Sex education should also include cultivating sincere respect for sexual issues, the so-called pure attitude. The ability to restrain one's emotional imagination and emerging desires. It is one of the most indispensable abilities, and the importance of this ability to society has not yet been fully recognized.

21. We teachers are facing one of the most glorious and difficult tasks: teachers bear the hope of the country. This means that we must cultivate talents for the communist society and in our We must grow new people on our shoulders and establish a perfect communist society in front of the whole world. We occupy the most glorious and prominent position in the cause of creating a new culture.

22. In that kind of school where there is no complete agreement among all the teachers, in that kind of place where they do not help each other and are not strict with each other, in that kind of place where they are not good at talking about unpleasant things to their comrades. Where others talk unpleasant things to you and are good at getting angry, where you are not good at ordering your comrades (which is a difficult thing), or where you are not good at obeying your comrades (which is even more difficult)? There is and cannot be a collective of teachers. .

23. An extremely important element in our work is that it should be thoroughly purposeful. We must develop the talent our society needs.

24. Only when you learn to use fifteen to twenty tones to say "come here", and only when you learn to make twenty styles in the use of face, posture and voice, I have become a truly capable person. At that time, I won't be afraid of anyone refusing to approach me, nor will I be afraid of not being able to notice what I need to notice.

25. There should be a group of teachers who have the same opinions and beliefs, help each other, have no suspicion between each other, and do not pursue the personal love of students. Only such a collective can educate children.

26. I firmly believe that every teacher will encounter this problem: Do teachers have the right to interfere with the development of students’ personality and guide them in the direction they should develop? Or should we just passively follow the student's personality? I think the problem should be solved this way, that is: the right to intervene. ?But according to personal qualities, personal hobbies and personal abilities, we must develop our personality in the direction that best suits our needs.

27. Sexual behavior cannot be separated from all the achievements of human culture, the living environment of a society, the achievements of humanism, the historical direction of aesthetics. If a man or a woman does not feel that he or she is a member of society, if they have no sense of responsibility for social life, for the beauty and rationalization of society, how can they love? How can they have self-respect and the conviction that they have a higher true value besides their gender?

28. No matter how kind you are, how nice your words are, how kind your attitude is, no matter how lovely you are in daily life and when you are resting, if your work always accomplishes nothing, you will always be in vain. It's a failure. If it can be seen everywhere that you don't know how to do business, and if all the results you make are scraps and "a failure", then you will never deserve anything except contempt.

29. I don’t think there should be any special methods for sex education. Sex education is an individual department of the discipline and life system.

30. Love should enrich people's sense of strength, and love does enrich people.

31. In our society, labor is not only an economic category, but also a moral category.

32. Learn to love others, learn to understand love, and learn to be a happy person? This means learning to respect yourself and learning the virtues of mankind.

33. One percent of waste products in educational work will cause serious losses to the country.

34. Any teacher who is not good at imitating, unable to use necessary facial expressions or unable to control his emotions will not become a good teacher.

35. Even the best children can quickly turn into a bunch of little beasts if they live in a poorly organized group.

36. Comrades, let us accept this quota? In education work, there cannot be one percent that is unqualified.

37. Even the best intentions can quickly turn into a bunch of little beasts if they live in a poorly organized group.

38. The unity of the teacher collective is the most decisive thing. It is the youngest and most inexperienced teacher. If there is a very talented leader to lead in a unified and sincere and united group, then compared with any experienced and talented teacher who has parted ways with the teacher collective. , but also to do more things.

39. A person cannot be educated part by part, but is comprehensively educated by the total sum of the various influences that a person has experienced.

40. Teachers’ prestige is first established on their sense of responsibility.

41. The collective is the organism of society. The mission of teachers is to create this model organization, cherish it, improve it, and pass it on to new teachers. This is not about morality between two people, but skillful and intelligent leadership for the normal growth of the collective. This is the mission of teachers.

42. My basic principle is always to demand as much from a person as possible and respect a person as much as possible.

43. Treating children with doting will only cause children to be dishonest, hypocritical and selfish.

44. What plays a decisive role in the issue of sex education, needless to say, is not some individual methods specifically designed for sex education, but the entire scope of educational work, that is, the entire content of educational work.

45. Labor is always the basis of human life and the basis for creating happiness in human culture.

46. If there is such a group of teachers in a school, in the eyes of each teacher in this group, the success of the whole school takes the first place, and the success of his class takes the second place. As for If the teacher's personal success is only placed third, then there will be real educational work in such a group.

47. The purpose of a unified teacher collective is to make their own achievements brilliant, and at the same time, to make the achievements of the entire collective brilliant.

48. Discipline should not be regarded only as a means of education. Discipline is the result of the educational process, first of all, as a result of the collective efforts of students in all areas of life, in the production of daily life, school culture, etc.

49. Education, especially educational theory, is first of all a science adapted to a certain purpose in practice. If we do not propose certain political goals to ourselves, then we cannot simply educate people, and we have no right to carry out educational work. Education without a clear, broad and well-known purpose becomes apolitical education.

50. A teacher collective must have a unified working method and be collectively responsible not only for its own class, but also for the entire school. If there is no such a united teacher collective, then , the so-called normal school education work is difficult to imagine.

51. Character is a very complex result, not only the result of consciousness, but also the result of knowledge, strength, habits and skills, adaptation to health and the most important social experience.

52. Any behavior that is not intended for the collective benefit is suicidal and harmful to society.

53. It is discipline that distinguishes society from anarchy, and it is discipline that determines freedom.

54. Teachers should be good at organizing, taking action, and using wit. They should be happy and angry at the right time. Teachers should allow every move they make to educate themselves, and they should always know what they want and what they don’t want at that time. If a teacher doesn't understand this, who else can he teach?

55. The greatest benefit of labor lies in moral and spiritual development. This spiritual development is produced by harmonious labor and should constitute the kind of human characteristics that distinguish the citizens of proletarian society from those of bourgeois society.

56. Sex education is first and foremost a cultural education of social personality.

57. You can be extremely indifferent to them, you can be harsh to them to the point of being critical; if they always follow you, you can ignore them, and you can even show indifference to your love for them. , but if your work, study and grades are excellent, then don't worry: they will all be on your side and will never abandon you.

58. As parents, we should try our best to avoid punishment and excessive encouragement to our children.

59. Sex education should also be the education of love, that is, the kind of major and profound emotional education composed of life interests and hopes.

60. Discipline is the collective appearance, collective voice, collective movements, collective expressions, and collective beliefs.

61. Trust? This is the most important law.

62. What we call highly skilled, truly talented, learned, capable, skilled, silent, practical, and hard-working. ?This is what attracts children the most?

63. Education is carried out in the collective and through the collective.

64. I am convinced that the purpose of our education is not just to cultivate the kind of creative citizens who can participate most effectively in national construction. We must also turn the people we educate into happy people. people.

65. Only by using all the love, wisdom and talents of parents can we cultivate great people.

66. The cultivation of individuals as educational products should be produced according to social orders. This principle immediately removes the cloak of ideality from our products. There is nothing permanent and absolute in our mission. The demands of society are only practical for the era, and the scale of the era is more or less limited. We can fully believe that for the next generation, some completely changed requirements will be put forward, and these changes will be gradually realized as the entire social life grows and improves.

67. Be good at speaking like this: Let the children feel your will, your cultivation, and your personality from your words.

68. Respect a person as much as possible, and make as many firm, clear and open requests as possible: determine how to manage yourself in this or that way.