"Read for the rise of China", an inspirational quote to inspire Chinese people, was said by 14-year-old Zhou Enlai in 1911 when answering a teacher's question. Zhou Enlai was born in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province on March 5, 1898. He came to Northeast China in 1910, first attended primary school in Tieling, and then transferred to Shenyang Dongguan Model Primary School. One day in 1911, Principal Wei, who was in class, asked his classmates: Why do you want to study? The students answered one after another: to avenge their parents, to be a scholar, to be knowledgeable and courteous, to let their mother and sister live a good life, to honor their ancestors, to make money... When Zhou Enlai spoke, he said: "For China The rise of China!" Principal Wei was surprised when he heard it and asked again. Zhou Enlai emphasized again and said: "Study for the rise of China!" Zhou Enlai's answer was greatly appreciated by Principal Wei. How did Zhou Enlai establish this original intention?

Family changes in his childhood made Zhou Enlai mature earlier than his peers. The day after Zhou Enlai was born, his maternal grandfather Wan Qingxuan died. Less than half a year old, his uncle Zhou Yigan fell ill and had no children. According to Huai'an customs, Zhou Enlai was adopted to his uncle as his heir. The adults hoped that through adoption, firstly, they could solve the problem of the younger uncle's generation, and secondly, they hoped to use adoption. This method, considered locally as "happy", cured my uncle's tuberculosis. But his younger uncle died soon after. By the spring of 1907, Zhou Enlai's biological mother, Wan, died of tuberculosis at the age of 35 due to the hard work of family life. Not long after, his adoptive mother Chen also died of illness. As the eldest son, 10-year-old Zhou Enlai organized the funeral of his adoptive mother and transported the body of his adoptive mother Chen from Qingjiangpu back to Huaicheng by boat to be buried with his uncle. Changes in the family made Zhou Enlai experience the pain of losing relatives, the hardship of life, and the warmth and warmth of human relationships earlier than his peers in his early childhood. At the age of 10, Zhou Enlai was already "helping with housework and keeping everything in order."

The hardships of his childhood prompted him to change the status quo. Zhou Enlai's ancestral home is Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and his maternal grandfather's ancestral home is Nanchang, Jiangxi. When his ancestors came to Huaiyin and Huai'an as county officials, the two families met and got married. My grandfather passed away when he was in his 50s. During his lifetime, he did not engage in production or purchase land, only real estate. In my father's generation, the family began to decline. My uncle became a master, and my father was away from home all year round as a clerk, unable to make ends meet. Zhou Enlai knew that life was difficult since he was a child, especially in order to treat his biological mother and adoptive mother. He often pawned valuable items at home in exchange for money to buy medicine. The hardships of childhood made Zhou Enlai appreciate the difficulties of his parents earlier. The hardship of having no money to maintain a normal life also made him understand that the firewood, rice, oil and salt at home were not easy to come by. The simple idea of ??living a good life took root in the young Zhou Enlai's heart. Rooted.

The early education of four women taught him how to read and understand etiquette. In Zhou Enlai's early childhood, four women had an important impact on his growth. The biological mother, Wan, was born into an official family (her father was the magistrate of Huaiyin County). She was kind-hearted, cheerful, beautiful and dignified, and had good family education. During her lifetime, she was shrewd and capable, and had a strong ability to resolve disputes. When she came to mediate family disputes, she often took Zhou Enlai with her. She taught the young Zhou Enlai about basic etiquette, dealing with people, upholding justice, running housework, doing things seriously and meticulously, and the formation of his outlook on life. have had an important impact. His mother-in-law, Mrs. Chen, was educated, knowledgeable and courteous, and liked quietness. She initiated cultural enlightenment education for Zhou Enlai early on, often telling him stories, such as those in "Tianyuhua" and "Rebirth", and taught him how to read. He studied culture and sent him to a private school, so from the age of 8 Zhou Enlai could read novels such as "Journey to the West", "Water Margin" and "Dream of Red Mansions". Zhou Enlai learned a cheerful character from his biological mother and a quiet character from his adoptive mother. Wet nurse Jiang was a poor farmer. After Zhou Enlai was born, she went to the Zhou family to be Zhou Enlai's wet nurse. She worked in the Zhou family until Zhou Enlai left Huai'an for the Northeast. When Zhou Enlai was a child, he often followed Jiang's mother to watch her work, and Jiang's mother also taught him He learned various farm work and common knowledge about plants, and took him to his hometown to play with his children, letting the young Zhou Enlai know about farming and the hard life of farmers. There is also an eighth aunt, Yang, who became Zhou Enlai's actual caregiver after the death of Zhou Enlai's biological mother and adoptive mother. She also had a great influence on Zhou Enlai. Zhou Enlai also had a deep affection for his eighth aunt. The influence of the four women on Zhou Enlai was multifaceted, ranging from the formation of basic living abilities, life experience, outlook on life, character development to views on society.

Visiting Guan Gong Temple and the Russo-Japanese War Sites made him realize the painful lesson that if you fall behind, you will be beaten. Guan Tianpei, the famous anti-British general in the late Qing Dynasty, was a native of Huai'an. There is a temple dedicated to loyalty and loyalty built in Huai'an City. When Zhou Enlai was a boy, he often visited the temple with his adoptive mother Chen. His adoptive mother told him the story of Guan Tianpei's sacrifice for the country in the fight against the British, which made the young Zhou Enlai pay close attention to the nation. The hero feels reverence. While attending school in Northeast China, he stayed with his classmates at Weijialou in the southern suburbs of Fengtian. He visited the ruins of the Russo-Japanese War and listened to the local elders tell the story of the Russo-Japanese War and the suffering of the Chinese people. It made him realize that if you fall behind, you will be beaten and invaded. The reason for the destruction of the country and the destruction of the family. In his young mind, he had the lofty ambition to rise up for China and save the people from the fire and water.

Going to the Northeast to receive Western education, his thoughts were enlightened. Zhou Enlai was in Huai'an when he was a child. In addition to receiving cultural education from his adoptive mother Chen, he also studied culture in a private school. He went to the Northeast to study and came into contact with Western learning.

In an interview with American journalist Lieberman in September 1946, Zhou Enlai said: "When I was twelve years old, I left home for the Northeast. This was the key to the change in my life and thinking. Without this departure from home, my life would have been different. He also achieved nothing and ended up in tragedy just like his brothers who stayed at home. "From a feudal education to a Western education, from a feudal family to a school environment." Going to school in the Northeast broadened Zhou Enlai's horizons. After learning about some situations in foreign countries, I also initially saw the current situation at home where the country was weak and the people were poor and bullied. When I heard the news that the Revolution of 1911 broke out and overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty, I took the lead in cutting off the pigtails symbolizing the subjects of the Qing Dynasty in school. So when Principal Wei asked his classmates why they were studying, he was able to naturally say the inspirational quote "Reading for the rise of China."

Zhou Enlai has determined to study "for the rise of China" since he was in elementary school. When he graduated from Nankai School, he exchanged messages with his classmates "I would like to meet when China takes off the world." He studied in Japan and returned to China to participate in the Five-Year Plan. During the Fourth Movement, he went to work-study studies in Europe and then returned to China to join the revolution... He has been striving for the rise of China. A young man set his original intention and then worked hard for it throughout his life. Zhou Enlai's firm ideals, beliefs and persistent pursuit of life will always be a model for us Communists to learn from.