Buddhist retreat behind the broken mountain temple

Changjian

On a pure morning, near the ancient temple, the early sunshine points to the treetops. A secluded place with bamboo paths, branches and flowers, to a Buddhist retreat.

Here, birds live in the mountain light, and people's hearts feel quiet in the pond. A thousand voices were quiet, but the bell rang.

Interpretation of poetry

Walking to this ancient temple in the morning, the rising sun shines on the towering jungle. A winding path leads to a secluded distance, where there is a meditation room covered with flowers and trees. The mountains are clear, the birds are singing happily, and the reflection in the deep pool makes people feel ethereal. All is silent, only the echo of the long sound is heard.

Broken Mountain is located in Changshu, Jiangsu, and the temple refers to Xiaofu Temple. It was rebuilt by Ni Deguang, the secretariat of Chenzhou in Southern Qi Dynasty, and is an ancient temple in Tang Dynasty. This poem expresses the impression of the Buddhist temple after visiting the temple in the morning. It has simple style, simple description, profound image, vague artistic conception and quite complete art. It is a unique masterpiece among the landscape poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

This poem is about Buddhist temples, expressing the seclusion of the mountains and rivers. The poet climbed the mountain in the morning and entered Xiaofu Temple. The rising sun shone on Shan Ye Woods. Buddhists call the place where monks gather "jungle", so it means to praise Buddhist temples, which shows the feeling of praising Buddhism and metaphor in the scene of lighting up the forest. Then, the poet crossed the bamboo path in the temple and went deep into the backyard, and found that the meditation room for chanting and worshipping Buddha was deep in the flower forest in the backyard. Such a quiet and wonderful environment makes the poet amazed, intoxicated and ecstatic. He lifted up his eyes and saw the green hills behind the temple being illuminated by the sun, and the birds flying and singing freely; When I walked to the clear pool, I saw the world and my own figure shaking in the water. Zhan Ran was empty and bright, and the worldly distractions in my heart were suddenly washed away. Buddhism is an empty door. Buddhists say that after meditation, a monk "eats again, but tastes Zen" ("Wei Convenience Goods"), and his spirit is extremely pure and pleasant. At this moment, the poet seemed to understand the mystery of Zen, get rid of all worldly troubles, and be as free and carefree as a bird. It seems that other sounds in nature and the world are silent, and only the sound of Zhong Qing is melodious and loud, bringing people into a pure and pleasant realm. Obviously, the poet appreciates the beautiful residence of this Buddhist temple, appreciates the artistic conception of this empty door, and places his feelings of seclusion.

This is a metrical poem, but its style is ancient, its language is simple and its meter is flexible. Its first couplet is a flowing pair, and the second couplet does not match because of the need of conception and conception. This poem has been highly appreciated since the Tang Dynasty, mainly because of its beautiful artistic conception and rich interest. The poem expresses seclusion and interest by chanting Buddhist temples, ends with the praise and detachment of the morning visit to the mountain temple, and simply writes scenery and expresses emotion, which is still unfinished. This euphemistic and implicit artistic conception, as Yin Kun said when commenting on the artistic characteristics of Chang Jian's poems in the Tang Dynasty: "When building a poem, it is like finding a village road, but finding a wild path. A hundred miles away, it will lead to the main road." Therefore, its purpose is far-reaching, its popularity is different, and good sentences are coming, only on meaning. "He brilliantly pointed out that Chang Jian's poems have the characteristics of ingenious conception, and are good at guiding readers into their folk scenic spots, and then understanding the theme of the poems, instead of surprising them with descriptions and words. Therefore, good sentences in poetry often seem to suddenly appear in front of readers, which is amazing. And its beautiful sentences, like the conception of poetry, are ingenious and subtle. In the Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu loved the phrase "Bamboo Path", saying that "it is difficult to achieve a long-term combination of words, and it is difficult for people who know how to create meaning to work. "Later, he stayed in a mountain village in Qingzhou and personally experienced the artistic conception and interest written in the two sentences of Bamboo Path. He wanted to write such a poem, but he still couldn't write a word (see Qingzhou Village Theory). Ouyang Xiu's experience vividly illustrates the benefits of the sentence "Bamboo Path", which does not describe beautiful scenery and makes people feel like they are in the environment, but causes the friendly aftertaste of passers-by, so it is difficult to make clouds. Similarly, the word "light of the mountain", praised by Yin Kun as "warning strategy", is not only a word to warn people, but also has a deeper meaning, aiming at thought-provoking. It is precisely because the poet focuses on conception and creation that the word-building does not seek similarity, but contains metaphors, focusing on expression, which is fascinating and intriguing.

Most of the landscape poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty praised seclusion and interest, all of which had an artistic conception of leisure, but each had its own unique style and achievements. Chang Jian's poem, written in Excellent Travel Notes, has the common emotional appeal of landscape poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but its style is elegant, which is different from Wang Wei's sublime and Meng Haoran's plain in art and is really unique.

Changjian data

Biography: Chang Jian, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. Chang 'an (now Xi, Shaanxi) people. In the 15th year of Kaiyuan (727), he was a scholar. Before the twelfth year of Tianbao (753), he was appointed as the commandant of Xuyi (now Dengchi County, Jiangsu Province). After leaving his post, he lived in seclusion in Ezhou (now southeast Hubei). His career is disappointing, but he is very poetic. Yin Kun's "He Yueling's Photo Album" ranked Chang Jian as the first, which was highly appraised. He is good at five words and is famous for his pastoral poems. His artistic conception is clear, his style is indifferent, his words are amazing and his thoughts are delicate. At the same time, frontier poems are also quite successful.

theme

"Zen after breaking the mountain temple" is a poem hanging on the wall. This poem describes the beautiful scenery of the Buddhist temple behind the temple in the morning and expresses the author's secluded feelings about the mountains and rivers.