Qiu Shengfu

Ouyang xiu in northern song dynasty

Notes on the title or background of a book.

This poem was written in the fourth year of Injong Jiayou (1059), and was written by Ouyang Xiu in his later years. At that time, he was already in a high position, but when he recalled his bumpy career, his heart was always aching. With the theme of "Sad Autumn", he expressed his anguish and sigh for life. In this paper, I not only describe autumn scenery in nature, but also express my infinite feelings about the difficult situation of life and the world.

original text

Ouyang Zi was reading a book at night when he heard a voice from the southwest. He was shocked and listened [20], saying, "How dare you! At first, I dripped with Xiao Sa, and suddenly I jumped up and smashed it. Such as the night terrors of stormy waves and the sudden arrival of wind and rain. When you touch something, it jingles [2 1], and gold and iron clank; Another example is the soldiers who went to the enemy and ran away with medals [22]. They didn't listen to orders and only heard the voices of men and women. " To the young man: "What's that noise? You watch. " The boy said, "The moon and the stars are bright, and the Ming River is in the sky. The four people were speechless and the sound was among the trees. "

To annotate ...

[20] creepy: a surprised expression.

[2 1] Up, up, up, up, up, up, up1999

[22] Title: When marching in ancient times, soldiers were often required to have a small stick such as chopsticks in their mouths, so that they could not speak and kept the troops quiet to avoid being discovered by the enemy. Title: Including.

translate

In the evening, I was reading when I heard a voice from the southwest. I listened in surprise and thought, "How strange! At first, the rain mixed with the bleak wind suddenly became surging; It's like a rough night, and the wind and rain come suddenly. It hit an object and made a tinkling sound, like the sound of metals colliding with each other; It's like a soldier rushing to the battlefield to kill the enemy. There is a short paragraph in his mouth, and he can't hear the voice of command, only the voice of people walking. " I asked extremely, "What's that noise? Go out and see. " The very young man replied, "The moon is bright outside. The Milky Way is high in the sky, and there is no human voice around. It seems to be coming from the Woods. "

original text

I said, "Hey, what a pity! Why does this autumn sound come? " Gai Fuqiu's appearance is also bleak, and the smoke is getting thicker [23]; Its capacity is clear, the sky is crisp and the sun is shining [24]; Its gas is bitter and bitter, hurting human bones and muscles [25]; Its meaning is gloomy, and the mountains and rivers are lonely. Therefore, it is also a sound, sad and urgent, and the call sign is hard. The grass is lush, lush, and it is a good wooden onion cage, which is pleasing to the eye. Grass changes color when brushed, and wood falls off when touched. It wiped out scattered people because it was fierce in anger [26].

To annotate ...

[23] Clouds are gathering: this means it will be cloudy. Fei, from Fenyang. Assemble, assemble.

[24] Sun Crystal: The sun is shining.

[25] Stone needle: a stone needle used to treat diseases in ancient times. This means acupuncture.

[26] Qi: refers to autumn. Yu Lie is from Wei Yu.

translate

I said, "alas! So sad! This is the sound of autumn. Why did you come? " Autumn is probably like this, the sky is dark and the clouds are dense; Its appearance is fresh and clear, the sky is crisp and the sun is shining; Its climate is biting cold, piercing muscles and bones; Its artistic conception is gloomy and the mountains and rivers are lonely. Therefore, it makes a sad sound, as if roaring. When autumn didn't come, the green grass was lush and the trees were lush and lovely. But once the autumn wind comes, the grass changes color when it is swept away by the autumn wind, and the leaves of green trees fall when it meets the autumn wind. The reason why vegetation can be destroyed is because of the afterglow of autumn air.

original text

Criminal officer Qiu Fu [27], then Yin [28]; Like a soldier, it is good for behavior. It means loyalty between heaven and earth, often based on killing. Heaven is to things, and spring gives birth to autumn. Therefore, it is the voice of music and business that dominates the voice of the west, and foreigners are the law of July. Business, injury, old sadness; Easy, kill life, kill it if you have more than enough.

To annotate ...

[27] "Qiu Fu" two sentences: ancient officials, in the name of the four seasons, the criminal law manager for Qiu Guan.

[28] Yin in time: The ancients used Yin and Yang to match the four seasons, with spring and summer as Yang and autumn and winter as Yin.

translate

Autumn is a criminal officer, and the season is yin; It is also a symbol of war and belongs to gold in the five elements. Therefore, it is called air conditioning between heaven and earth, and it is often based on cold. Nature grows in spring and bears fruit for everything in the world in autumn. Therefore, it belongs to Shangsheng in music, representing western music tunes, and Yi is the French name of July. Business is injury, and there will be a kind of sadness after everything gets old; Easy is killing, everything is too lush and will inevitably decline.

original text

"Howl, ruthless, sometimes. Man is an animal and the spirit of all things. Worry is the heart, and everything is shaped. If something is moving, it must be shaken. And can't help it, worry about its wisdom! The largest one is eucalyptus [29], and the black one is star [30]. Why compete for glory with non-stone quality vegetation? Think about who is a thief [3 1] and why hate autumn sounds! " The boy fell asleep with his head down, but when he heard insects chirping on all sides of the wall, he sighed if he helped him.

To annotate ...

[29] Warren Dan: refers to people with ruddy complexion, here refers to young people. Sassafras: dead wood, here refers to aging.

[30] Yan (yρ) ran: black appearance. Metaphor is young. Stars: describe hair with gray sideburns.

[3 1] qiāng thief: mutilation.

translate

Alas! Vegetation is something without feelings, which will fall down and die at a certain time; Man is an emotional animal and the most spiritual of all things. Countless worries touched his heart, and countless trifles exhausted his body. To disturb is bound to hurt his spirit, not to mention thinking about what he can't do and worrying about what his wisdom can't solve! In this way, his ruddy face will grow old and his black hair will turn gray. Why use a body that is not a stone to compete with vegetation for glory? You should think about who has brought you so much suffering, and why hate this bleak autumn sound! Extremely did not answer my words and bowed his head and fell asleep. I only heard insects singing around the wall, as if echoing my sigh.

Comment and analysis

The article uses the first-person brushwork to guide the whole article. From the beginning, the author described a thrilling strange sound of autumn night from static to dynamic, creating a sad atmosphere.

Using four metaphors of wind, waves, gold, iron, and marching, the author vividly depicts the desolate landscape and scattered vegetation from various angles, and expresses his sadness about personnel and the sounds and feelings related to autumn through the scene, reflecting the author's abstinence thought after the ups and downs of his official career. Then the author leads out the dialogue with the boy, from imagination to reality, which enhances the realism of art. The author also analyzes and discusses the autumn sound from the social and natural aspects.

The author's pure heart and no desire and no desire expressed in this article are worth learning. In this noisy world, people are under too much pressure, so we should treat life with a calm mind, rather than deliberately pursuing anything, so that life can be full of joy everywhere.