"The people are important, the monarch is light, and the country is second." "After going, Tian Daiqi, Jin, big waste of virtue, inappropriate. For Qin Xiaogong, donate _ to your war, abandon righteousness and cheat, if you want to take advantage. Those who usurp thieves are listed as waiting kings; A deceitful country is powerful. It is based on reverse imitation, and the younger generation will learn from it, and then it will be swallowed up, big and small. Violent teachers get old, blood is everywhere, fathers and sons are not blind, brothers are not harmonious, husband and wife are separated, and their lives cannot be saved. However, morality is absolutely gone, and future generations will benefit. The country of a thousand riders is seven, and the country of a thousand riders is five. Enemy countries compete for power and are called belligerents. Greed and shameless, but insatiable; Different countries have different religions and religions, and each has its own system; No son of heaven, no Fang Bo; Competing for strength and winning, the winner is king; War is endless, and fraud and forgery are on the rise. At this time, although there is morality, it is not allowed to make plans; Have strong determination, passive resistance and solid dependence; Even with the oath, we will take a new oath to defend our country. [1] As can be seen from the above, Mencius lived in a historical period of moral decay and social disorder. Wars are frequent, the number of people between countries has been decreasing, and monarchs are lamenting the shortage of manpower. Therefore, Mencius put forward the people-oriented thought according to the situation at that time. Wang Fuzhi believed that Mencius judged the situation and put forward the people-oriented thought. "Mencius said:' The people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light.' Because of the time theory. At that time, Wen and Wu Zhize had been beheaded, and the world forgot Zhou and didn't think you were a gentleman, but a gentleman wanted to be a gentleman but couldn't. If the husband is six kings and he is not a usurper, then he is honored as emperor, which is tantamount to killing the people and founding the country in order to rule the world. If you are not a king and the country is not a country, it is light. The monarch and the minister are light, and the man of heaven can't live without life. If there are people who know how to value their own people, a gentleman can't blame them as a monarch and a minister, but may think that democracy is also possible. [2] During the Warring States Period in which Mencius lived, the Zhou Dynasty lost the status and prestige of the monarch in the hearts of the people, and the feud between princes led to war, resulting in a situation of "no monarch, no country". At this time, the people who know you can win the world for the king. Faced with the above environment, Mencius put forward the people-oriented thought. Fan said, "At the time of the Warring States, the people were poor and had no money, and you enjoyed the joy of the South. Mencius was keen on saving the people, so because of the good music of the King of Qi, he enlightened his kindness and deeply advised him to enjoy the people, which means that today's music is still ancient. In fact, how can today's music be the same as ancient music? But the meaning of having fun with the people is no different from ancient times. If we must rule the world with rites and music, as Confucius said, then we must liberate it with Shao dance. Covering Confucius' words is the right way for the country; Mencius' words are to save the people from emergencies, so it is different. " [3] It can be seen that Mencius is eager to change the status quo, settle for second best, and guide his love for the people according to the monarch's preferences. Therefore, Mencius mainly emphasized sharing happiness with the people and attaching importance to the people's feelings in order to defend the territory and maintain the stability of the country, which was forced by the situation. Source: Jinxiu Summer News