Han Dynasty: Cao Zhi

Heaven and earth are infinite, and yin and yang turn each other. Living in a world, suddenly if the wind blows dust.

I hope I can show my diligence and lose my strength to Mingjun. With this Wang Zuocai, he is generous and unique.

The scale respects the dragon, and the beast lives in Kirin. Insects and beasts still know virtue, let alone literati.

Confucius deleted poetry books, and Wang also became charming. I am an inch thick and full of flowers.

Translation:

Heaven and earth are eternal, and cold and summer alternate with yin and yang. Life is very short, just like dust blown by the wind. I hope I can give full play to my talents and try my best to serve the wise monarch. With this ability to assist the emperor, he is outstanding and different.

Scale interface regards dragon as the respect, and animals regard Kirin as the Sect. He is as outstanding as dragon and Kirin. After Confucius deleted poems and books, the cause of the king was very clear. I galloped with my own words and seaweed, set an example for future generations with my articles and left my name forever.

Appreciate:

This poem is a five-character poem expressing oneself, and it is Cao Zhi's later work. The poem shows the poet's generous ambition to make a positive contribution in his limited life, even if he can't achieve anything, he should at least make a statement. The poetic style is vigorous and fresh, and the emotion is straightforward and sincere.

The first two sentences are vague and vague, and the artistic conception is broad and changeable. It is said that the universe is infinite and changeable. Second, three sentences, go with the flow, write that life is so short as the wind blows the dust, in sharp contrast with the first two sentences, expressing the feeling of short life.

Five or six sentences and two sentences are the aphorisms of this poem, and the sentence "If the wind blows the dust suddenly" is also the eye of this poem, just like the human eye, which is the concentrated expression of the whole poem spirit. The purpose of this poem comes from this. This naturally brings people into contact with the first four sentences of Cao Cao's "Short Songs": "When drinking, what is life like? For example, Chaolu is much more difficult to go to Japan. "

However, Cao Zhi's pity for short life is not the same as that of Cao Cao. He is eager to make achievements and is closer to pursuing personal fame and fortune. These two sentences are related in structure. The first four sentences are from implicit lyricism to straightforward confession. He hoped that in the limited years of his life, he would do his best to display his talents and make contributions to assisting Mingjun.

However, his personality and social reality made him unable to get what he wanted, which naturally led to seven or eight sentences: "I am pregnant with this Wang Zuocai, generous and independent." This complaint shows his persistent pursuit of meritorious service and fame. Although he is in a difficult situation, he still never hates life and doesn't want to escape from reality. He still retains the arrogance of his youth.

Even if you are under house arrest and cut off from state affairs, you should sing the anguish that your ambition can't be realized through poetry. Nine to twelve sentences, another turning point in structure. Poets have no talent, but they don't want to be mediocre and go with the flow. It's no use shouting "generosity". He wants to create a road of "being alone and generous" for himself.

So feelings also changed from depression to resentment. These four sentences are ingenious in technique, expressing feelings and aspirations, and are the hub of the whole poem. The phrase "the scales respect the dragon, and the animals live in the unicorn" is poetic and meaningful. "Dragon" and "Kirin" are the legendary kings of insects and beasts. Its virtue is respected by insects and wild animals.

The poet took this opportunity to talk about his sad situation of "generosity and self-respect". Emotion is the highest point of the poet's depressed feelings, pain is sorrow, sorrow is anger, and intense feelings follow. "I don't know the virtue of insects and beasts, let alone literati" tells the truth, and the poet turns grief into anger, punning and resentfully asking:

On the one hand, it can be clearly seen from the front that scholars should know more about morality than insects and beasts; On the other hand, he secretly rebuked Cao Rui for being narrow-minded, not as good as Dragon Kirin. The stronger the poet's desire to make contributions, the more jealous the so-called "Mingjun" is.

When he felt that the hope of "dedicating himself to the country, benefiting the people, making contributions and benefiting the stone" was completely cut off, he had to comfort himself by devoting himself to literary creation.

The last four sentences express the poet's firm belief that even if he can't make achievements, he should at least pass on his literary talent to future generations and become an immortal name. Confucius praised the great significance of Confucius' deletion of poetry books, which was the road to fame put forward by the poet after facing the social reality calmly.

The author first affirmed Confucius' great contribution to literature, and then put forward the goal of "I am brave and I am full of flowers". This means that the ancients can not only make a name for themselves in their literary career, but I can also make it "out of the blue".

In a word, Cao Zhi's political failure promoted his success in literature and realized his prediction of "floating algae and hanging flowers" in this poem.

Extended data:

Cao Zhi was a writer of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. Zijian Peiguoqiao (now Bozhou, Anhui) was born. The name of Cao Cao's third son is Chen Wangsi. Because of his rich talents, he was favored by Cao Cao in his early years. He once wanted to be a prince, but he fell out of favor. 2 1 1 (in the 16th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty) sealed Pingyuan Hou, and 2 14 (in the 19th year of Jian 'an) changed it to Linzi Hou. In 22 1 year (the second year of Huangchu in Wei Wendi), it was renamed Juancheng King.

After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was suspected and persecuted by Cao Pi, and was demoted many times and changed his fief. Cao Cao acceded to the throne, and Cao Zhi wrote several times, hoping to be appointed, but failed to do so, and finally died of depression.

Cao Zhi's life and creation are divided into two periods with Cao Pi as the boundary. A few works in the early stage show social unrest and their own ambitions, and the tone of poetry is cheerful and heroic; His later works reflect his depressed emotions, and some poems have strong negative thoughts.

His poems make good use of metaphors, concise language and Hua Mao's words, which fully represent the achievements of Jian 'an poetry and have a great influence on the development of five-character poetry. He is also good at poetry and prose.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Qiuluhang