Russell warned that the world was facing the destruction of nuclear war at the most festive moment of Christmas Eve, which had a strong shock to government officials, scientists and ordinary people all over the world. At the beginning of 1955, at the suggestion of German theoretical physicist M. Born and French physicist J. F. Joliot-Curie, he began to rewrite his speech on "human disaster" into a manifesto, and sought the signature support of other scientists.
Russell first sought Einstein's support. On February 1955, he wrote to Einstein to discuss the matter. 16 In February, Einstein wrote back and agreed, and signed the declaration on April 1 1. A few days after Einstein signed it, he died of ruptured abdominal aortic sclerosis. Einstein's signature before his death is regarded as "the last words of a man who symbolizes the peak of human wisdom, begging us not to let our civilization be destroyed by human stupidity." The document drafted by Russell was originally named "Statement on Nuclear Weapons" and later changed to "Russell-Einstein Appeal", commonly known as "Russell-Einstein Declaration". The names of two great men endow this document with special charm.
Later, scientists who joined the signature included German theoretical physicist Born, winner of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics, bridgman, founder of American high-pressure physics, Polish physicist and L. Infield, one of the founders of Einstein-Infield-Hoffman theory. Joliot-Curie, a French physicist who won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, H.J. Muller, an American geneticist who won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, L. Pauling, an American chemist who won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize, and 1 The number of British physicist C.F. Powell and Japanese physicist who signed the 950 Nobel Prize in Physics is small, but they come from eastern and western countries, including the left and right. The declaration has no ideological bias and does not favor any party of the political opposition.
1955 On July 9th, Russell held a press conference in caston Hall, London, and announced the Russell-Einstein Declaration. Starting from reality and rationality, Russell put aside the prejudice of ideology, religious belief, region, country and race, maintained justice and balance, and stood on the standpoint of all mankind to safeguard the security interests of all mankind. His neutral position in the declaration has been recognized by scientists in the east and west, and has gradually gained the trust of governments in various countries. This recognition and trust was the premise that the East-West Conference could be held in turn in various countries during the Cold War, and influenced the disarmament policies of various governments.