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What does the critical spirit of challenging authority mean?
Strictly speaking, denying authority and resisting powerful people is not as simple as daring to break the mindset of "being afraid of others". The key is to dare to question and challenge authority. If I were the professor, I would do this: encourage students to question my point of view and criticize my academic works at any time, and welcome students to question and challenge even if I speak the truth. Of course, it is more about subtly encouraging students to question and challenge world celebrities like Aristotle, and giving full play to the spirit of finding fault with eggs. Instead of playing the stunt of "humiliation under the legs".

This is because, whether at home or abroad, denying authority and resisting powerful people do not start from "insulting" others, but often start from questioning and challenging authority. It is precisely because of this that "the waves behind the Yangtze River push the waves before, and a new generation wins the predecessors". For example, Galileo dared to challenge Aristotle before discovering the law of free fall; Copernicus dared to challenge Ptolemy before proposing Heliocentrism; Einstein dared to challenge Newton before he found the mystery to solve the problem of space and time. Yuan Longping was good at questioning before he broke through the circle of scientific research of the classic theory of "self-pollinated rice hybridization has no advantages", and finally developed the hybrid rice which is known as "the fifth great invention dedicated by the Chinese nation to mankind".

If we want to cultivate the spirit of denying authority and resisting powerful people, we should start from "insulting" authority, not from questioning and challenging authority. I'm afraid Galileo could not discover the law of free fall, and Copernicus could not mention Heliocentrism. In essence, denying authority requires starting from respect and awe of authority, and questioning and challenging on this basis, so that we can make greater discoveries. It can be said that it was, is and will continue to be.

obviously, the key to denying authority is to dare to question and challenge authority. Instead of "insulting" authority. Otherwise, praising the professor is just catering to or even surrendering to authority. If you don't even know this, it will be even more sad.