In the early stage, the classics from pre-Qin to Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, such as The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Tao Te Ching, Zhuangzi and Shi Shuo Xin Yu, are the main ones, and in the later stage, the short and beautiful ancient texts are the main ones, which comprehensively cover the Chinese classics that meet children's understanding ability.

Re-examine the classics from a modern perspective, take their essence and discard their dross, and enter into the appreciation and study of life-oriented, story-telling and aesthetic classics on the premise of accurately understanding the characters themselves. Through the study of this workshop, students will: 1. Cultivate a strong interest in learning ancient Chinese; 2, familiar with the essence of the core classics of traditional culture; 3. Accurately understand common classical Chinese vocabulary and be familiar with common classical Chinese sentence patterns and expressions; 4. Cultivate aesthetic taste and innovative consciousness, and improve individual personality.

if you are taught to be upright, you will learn to be polite. 2. Who has a relatively simple ancient prose about scenery suitable for children in grade two or three?

Watching the snow in the lake pavilion

In December of the fifth year of Chongzhen, I lived in the West Lake. The snow fell for many days, and the noise of the pedestrians and birds in the lake disappeared.

It's a day, and it's even more fixed. I took a boat, held a clothes fire, and went to the lake pavilion alone to see the snow. Haze, sky and clouds, mountains and water, white up and down; The shadow on the lake is only a trace of the long embankment, a little pavilion in the middle of the lake and a mustard in the boat, and two or three people in the boat.

at the pavilion, two people sat opposite each other with blankets, and a boy was cooking wine, and the stove was boiling. Seeing Yu, he was overjoyed and said, "There is no such person in the lake!" Pull me together and drink with me. I tried to drink three large cups of wine, and then said goodbye to them. Ask their last name, is the Nanjing people, in this place guest.

When he got off the boat, Zhou Zi muttered, "Don't say that Xiang Gong is crazy, but there are even more people who are crazy like Xiang Gong."

[Appreciation]

This article is a masterpiece of Zhang Dai's essays. By recalling an experience of watching the snow by boat in the West Lake, the author shows his deep seclusion and expresses his deep attachment and sentimental feelings. After three days of heavy snow and the dead of night, the author went alone in the boat. I met a guest unexpectedly in the pavilion, and the three of them exchanged names before leaving. Zhou Zi mumbled, and was infatuated with three people, but I didn't know that these three people were just temperamental people. The most striking feature of this paper is that it is concise in writing, and the full text is less than 2 words, but it integrates narrative, scenery and lyricism. What is particularly amazing is that the author's skill in tempering quantifiers, and the combination of "one mark", "one point", "one mustard" and "two or three grains" actually conveys the vast realm of eternity and even the silent atmosphere, which is amazing. The author makes good use of contrast techniques, big and small, cold and hot, loneliness and bosom friend, and the contrast is sharp, which effectively expresses the deep feelings of life and the lingering thoughts of the old country.

[comment by famous experts]

Qi Biaojia: Yu You Zhang Taoan, pen tool chemical industry. His travels include Li Daoyuan's Bo Ao, Liu Tongren's spicy life, Yuan Zhonglang's Qian Li, and Wang Jizhong's humor. One of them is the ethereal and crystal-reflected spirit, and there is nothing to look for. Vivid portrayal of the West Lake, politics is in A Du.

Zhang Dai: Tao An's country was ruined, and it went into the mountains with no return ... Because I missed Yu's life, it was prosperous and beautiful, and all my eyes were empty. In the past 5 years, I have had a dream. ..... I draw one occasionally, such as wandering the old path, seeing an old friend and the people of the city, and turning to complacency. It's true that you can't dream before you are an idiot. Preface to Tao An's Dream

[translation]

In December of the fifth year of Chongzhen, I lived in the West Lake. After three days of heavy snow, the voices of pedestrians and birds in the lake disappeared. After the early morning of this day, I rowed a boat, dressed in fur clothes and with a stove, and went to the lake pavilion to see the snow alone. (Lake) is filled with ice flowers condensed by water vapor, and the sky and clouds and mountains and water are one integrated mass, and it is a vast expanse of whiteness. The (clear) shadow on the lake is only (faint) the trace of a long dike, the outline of a pavilion in the middle of the lake, and two or three figures in my boat.

When I got to the pavilion, I saw two people sitting opposite each other, who had already laid the felt. A boy was boiling the wine in the wine stove. When (they) saw me, they were very happy and said, "How can you meet such (leisurely and elegant) people in the lake!" Take me to drink with you. I drank three large glasses and said goodbye (to them). Ask their surnames and learn that they are from Jinling and live here. When he got off the boat, the boatman muttered, "Don't say that" xianggong "is stupid, there are people as stupid as you!" 3. Classical Chinese suitable for primary school students (it's best to send the article)

Fang Zhongyong, a native of Jinxi, Fang Zhongyong, was born in Shiligeng. Zhong Yongsheng had no knowledge of books and tools for five years, so he suddenly cried for it. His father was different, so he borrowed from him, that is, he wrote four poems, and named himself after himself. His poems were based on adoptive parents and family collection, and were passed on to a scholar in a township. Naturally, they referred to things as poems. Or begging for money. My father benefited from it, but Zhong Yonghuan paid a visit to the people in the city every day to stop learning. I heard about it for a long time. In Ming Dow, I returned home from my ancestors and saw it at my uncle's house. Twelve or three years ago, I made a poem, which can't be said before. In seven years, I returned from Yangzhou and went back to my uncle's house to ask questions. I said, "Everyone is gone!" The prince said: Zhong Yong's understanding is also accepted by heaven.

he is blessed by heaven, and his talents are far better than his talents. If you are a pawn for all, you will not be affected by others.

If he is blessed by heaven, he will be virtuous, and if he is not, he will be for all; Today's husband is not subject to heaven, but he who is solid and not subject to it is only for everyone. Fang Zhongyong, a commoner in Jinxi, has been farming for generations. When Zhong Yong was five years old, he never saw writing tools, and suddenly cried for them. His father was surprised by this and borrowed them from a neighboring family. He immediately wrote four poems and wrote his own name. This poem, with the content of supporting his parents and uniting with people of the same clan, was sent to the scholars in the whole town to watch. From then on, someone designated him to write poems, and he could finish them immediately. There is something worthy of appreciation in the literary grace and truth of poetry. People in the same county were surprised at him, and gradually invited his father to visit him. Some people asked Zhong Yong to write poetry with money and gifts. His father thought it was profitable, and he took Fang Zhongyong around to visit people in the same county every day and refused to let him study. I heard about it for a long time. During the Ming Dow years, he followed his late father back to his hometown and met Fang Zhongyong at his uncle's house. He was already 12 or 13 years old. He was asked to write poetry. It can't match what I heard before. Seven years later, I came back from Yangzhou and went to my uncle's house to ask about Fang Zhongyong. My uncle said, "He can disappear completely, just like ordinary people." Mr. Wang said: Zhong Yong's knowledge and comprehension ability are natural. His talent is much higher than that of ordinary talented people.

He finally became an ordinary person because he didn't get an acquired education. A person who is born smart and so intelligent like him will become an ordinary person without an acquired education; So, I'm afraid those people who are not born smart and ordinary now can't be ordinary if they don't receive the education after tomorrow. When two children argued about Confucius' eastward journey to Japan, they saw two children arguing (1) and asked them why (2).

One son said, "I started from (3) and went to (4) when people were near, while Japan and China were far away (5)." Another child thinks the sun is far away from the sun when it rises, and it is closer to people at noon.

One son said, "The sun rises as big as the hood (6) at the beginning of the day, and (7) the sun rises as big as the bowl (9). Isn't it (1) that the far one is small and the near one is big?" One son said, "It's cool when the sun rises in the morning (11), and it's like exploring soup in the middle of the day (12). Isn't this hot for the near and cool for the far?" Confucius can't decide (13) also. Two children laughed and said, "Who is Rudo Zhihu (14)!" Note: (1) Debate: Debate, debate.

(2) reason: reason. (3) take: think.

(4) go: leave. (5) Mid-day: noon.

(6) Car cover: Nowadays, the umbrella has a dome-shaped canopy, which is called the car cover (7) and: Here we are. (8) then: just.

(9) a bowl: a round one is a dish, and a square one is a bowl. A jar is an open utensil for holding wine and food.

(1) is: yes. (11) Cangcang is cool: it is cold and cloudy, and the weather is cool.

(12) Soup exploration: Put your hand into the hot water. It means it's very hot.

soup: hot water (13) decision: judgment. (14) Who is Ru Zhihu: Who says you have much wisdom? Who: Who?

Wei, the same as "predicate", said. You, you.

knowledge is the same as "wisdom" and wisdom. Pronunciation: pan yu ru Ru Translation: 1 Confucius gave a speech in the East and saw two children arguing. (Just go over) Ask them what they are arguing about.

a child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, but far away from people at noon." A child thinks that the sun is far when it just comes out, but near at noon.

A child said, "When the sun first came out, it was as big as the roof of a carriage. By noon, it's as big as a plate. Isn't that what's far (looks) small and near (looks) big? " (Another) A child said, "It was cool when the sun first came out, and at noon (feeling) it was like putting your hand into hot water. Isn't that the closer (feeling) it, the hotter and the farther (feeling) it gets colder?" Confucius couldn't decide (who is right and who is wrong).

The two children laughed and said, "Who says you know a lot?" Confucius went to study in the East and saw two children arguing on the way. Confucius asked the reason for their argument.

a child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, but it is far from people at noon." Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first comes out, but near people at noon.

The previous child said, "When the sun first came out, it was as big as the canopy of a car, and when it was noon, it was like a bowl. Isn't it small in the distance and big near?" Another child said, "It's cool when the sun just comes out, and it's as hot as putting your hand into hot water at noon. Isn't it cool when it's hot near and far away?" Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong. The two children smiled and said, "Who says you know a lot?" I am in Grade Two, and I think these two articles are very suitable for primary schools. 4. What are the two ancient poems in the first volume of Chinese in the third grade of Hanshou Primary School

It is not difficult to learn classical Chinese well, as long as we start from the following two aspects: 1. Master the correct learning methods 1. Read it repeatedly.

in the song dynasty, Zhu Xi said, "after reading a hundred times, you can see your own meaning. If you read it well, you don't need to explain it, and you know its meaning. "

The ancients were smart. When young children entered school, the teacher didn't talk much about theory, but let them learn the Three Character Classics, Four Books and Five Classics by heart over and over again, and the meaning of the article naturally understood. Mr. Li Guotao, a famous literary critic and novelist, said: "China's ancient poems and prose can't be ignored.

If you don't understand or don't fully understand at that time, recite it first. " Old Mr. Guo Moruo also said, "The book memorized when I was a child is like a big iceberg. When I enter my stomach, it will slowly melt with my age. Once it melts, it will be a great wealth."

It can be seen that the easiest and quickest way to learn classical Chinese is to read more and recite more, and then you can reach the state of "knowing 3 Tang poems well and reciting them even if you can't write them". 2. Word accumulation.

Learning classical Chinese is just like learning a foreign language. You don't have enough vocabulary. Everything is just a castle in the air, so word accumulation is the basis of learning classical Chinese well. Word accumulation can be divided into two categories: content word accumulation and function word accumulation.

Comparatively speaking, notional words are easier to remember, while function words are difficult, because function words in classical Chinese are abstract in meaning, frequently used and flexible in usage. At this time, it is not difficult to remember with some flexible and ingenious methods.

For example, the function word "er" is used in 23 places in "Zuiwengting Ji" written by Ouyang Xiu. We can classify its usage into five kinds, which is easier to remember. (1) "the stream is deep and the fish is fat", which means a parallel relationship; (2) "Sunrise and the forest is blooming" means to undertake the relationship; (3) "miscellaneous, however, is the former", indicating the modification relationship; (4) "Drink less and get drunk, but the year is the highest", indicating a progressive relationship.

⑤ "Birds know the joy of mountains, but they don't know the joy of people", indicating a turning point. 3. Grammatical induction.

in a classical Chinese text, students are confused by the use of falsehood, preposition and postposition, and different meanings in ancient and modern times. What should I do? We might as well classify and summarize them by induction. We can draw a brief table and mark the generic words, flexible parts of speech, ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy, interrogative sentences, judgmental sentences, passive sentences, ellipsis sentences and variant sentences in the table, which will be clear at a glance and easy to remember. 5. Books suitable for reading in the third grade of primary school

Recommended bibliography for extracurricular reading in primary school

Second learning period (grades 3-4)

Thousand-character Works, Poems of a Thousand Families, Disciples' Rules, Reading Manual for Ancient Poems, Dalin and Kobayashi, For Young Readers, Yan Wenjing Fairy Tales and Gao Shiqi. Biography of Pipiru, World Mystery Juvenile Science Fiction Series, Private Zhang Ga, Lei Feng's Story, Tales of Chinese and Foreign Celebrities, New Edition of PHS Roaming in the Future, 3 Idiom Stories, 3 Inventions and Discoveries Stories, 3 Puzzle Stories, New Stories of Eastern Zhou Countries, The Journey to the West, Five Thousand Years of China Up and Down. Scientific Essays, Greek Myths and Legends, Carlson the Dumbo, When the World was Young, Education of Love, Adventures of the Boatman, Bambi the Deer, Little Thinker in Action, The Magician's Hat, The Story of the Jungle, The Adventure of Puppet and Pippi Longstocking. Including The Story of One Thousand and One Nights, The Story of the Fisherman, The Story of Aladdin's Magic Lamp, The Story of Jude, The Story of Sinbad's Sailing in the Sea and The Story of Alibaba, The Story of Zoya and Shula, Two Wan Li under the Sea, An Extracurricular Chinese Reader for Primary School Students, etc. 6. What classical Chinese are suitable for sixth-grade primary school students?

The classical Chinese that are easy to understand are: The Analects of Confucius, Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Huai Nan Zi and Han Fei Zi are more suitable for primary school students to read.

The famous sentences in the ancient poetry of grade six:

1. where, before me, are the ages that have gone?, and where, behind me, are the coming generations?.

2. Under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely.

3. The desert sand is like snow, and the Yanshan moon is like a hook.

4. The sunset is infinitely beautiful, buried by the coming night.

5. once climbing to the top of the peek, one would see, the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky..

6. When will there be a bright moon? Ask the sky for wine.

7, sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.

8. Life is a hero, but death is a hero.

9. and yet, while China holds our friendship, and heaven remains our neighbourhood.

1. if a young man doesn't work hard, the old man will be sad.

11. Since we are born from the same root, there is no hurry to fry each other.

12. Who knows that every grain of Chinese food is hard?

13. wildfire never quite consumes them, the spring breeze is blowing again.