I have been learning to write ancient poems for more than ten years, and it was not until the last year that I tried harder to write metrical poems. Not because I didn't know there were metrical poems in the world. On the contrary, I dare not touch them for a long time, because I know their rules are big and taboos are deep, and I know my talents are limited. However, due to more and more ancient prose, the implication of friend Zheng Qianshan's love theory is quite readable, but unfortunately it is not an orthodox poem. He also said that it would be a pity to solve the problem of level, otherwise it would be a pity to write only ancient styles all my life. So I also learned to write metrical poems, but just after I published them on my blog, some poets pointed out that a sentence was "lonely" or a sentence was "out of line". It seems that it is really not easy to avoid many taboos of rhythmic poetry!

The metrical theory of metrical poetry has produced taboos such as "loneliness", "Sanlian" and "Sanlian". Legend has it that there are only three situations of "loneliness" in Tang poetry. Did the ancients really work hard to avoid this taboo? Anyway, I read Eighteen Banknotes compiled by Zeng Guofan, so I might as well start with the poems of Su and Huang included in it to find out. So, I looked up all the 258 seven laws recorded in Volume 21 of Su Dongpo's Seven Laws and all the 286 seven laws recorded in Volume 23 of Huanggu's Seven Laws, and found that there were 34 Su Dongpo's seven laws, accounting for 13%, while Huanggu's seven laws had 5 1 head, accounting for 65,438. As for the narrow sense of "lonely flat" (refer to the following flat sentence: flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat. For example, the flat and even sentence pattern "flat and even", some people think that the sixth word is "lonely and flat". However, even in ancient poetry, this kind of flat and even flat sentence pattern exists in large numbers, so it is now recognized that it is not a "dharma", but a harmonious sentence pattern of "five depression and six salvation". Of course, when I read Su and Huang's poems above, I also found a lot of such sentence patterns, and I didn't count them as "dharma". In addition, there are also cases of loneliness in a broad sense: (1) only the second word "loneliness", including "ping ping" and "ping ping ping"; (2) only the sixth word "isolation", including ping ping, ping ping ping and ping ping ping; (3) The second word and the sixth word are both flat, that is, "even flat".

Let's avoid boring preaching. Let's appreciate Su Huang's works and criticize their "breaking away from the law". Presumably this is also a way to learn to write metrical poems.

First, Su Dongpo's Seven-Rhyme Poetry "out of the law" phenomenon

The following examples are collected from twenty-one volumes of eighteen poems of Su Dongpo's Seven Laws. At least Zeng Guofan recognized them as metrical poems.

1, "Gu Ping"

Snow after the vernal equinox

Snow enters the vernal equinox, which is rare to see. Half-opened peaches and plums are invincible. I should be ashamed of my knowledge of plum blossoms, but all I can think about is Liu's words. Although Dong Jun is good at preserving things, it will be a new clever machine. From now on, the creation is particularly unpredictable, so keep a wax coat to keep warm. (-"Eighteen Poem Notes" Volume II, p. 962)

The fourth sentence in this poem, "But Liu is full", belongs to the narrow sense of "loneliness". But to confirm, you must confirm that the third word "person" is read-only. To this end, I checked Pingyunshui's watch and found that "people" belong to both Pingsheng and Silent. But I also looked up the poem "Equivalence and Equivalence" written by Professor Zhou Luanchang, and only listed "Man" as "Han" without "Cold" rhyme. Therefore, whether this case can be judged as "loneliness" I hope readers can add. In addition, the second word "fen" in the fifth sentence of the next poem should be even. Although "fen" also enters the rhyme of "question", it is a noun there. This sentence means "separation of powers", so there is no doubt that this sentence is "extra-legal"

The following poem is an example of loneliness in a broad sense.

On September 20th, Xiaoxue Zhong Huaizi's younger brother wrote the second of two poems.

The riverside is full of poems in the same boat, and Zheng Fenma tears. If you fail to serve your country, you will be afraid of friends and friends. The official residence is shocked by autumn, and the temple building climbs when it sees snow. If you know from a distance that you should knock, you shouldn't knock.

In this poem, the second word in the sixth sentence, "See the snow in the temple building, who will climb it", is sandwiched between two groups of rhyming words, which means "Gu Ping" in the sentence pattern of "Yi Ping Yi Pingping".

On August 9th, Tianzhu Mountain sent osmanthus flowers as gifts.

The moon is short of frost, and the flowers are thick and thin, and the flowers originally belong to Guitangxian. On the eve of Jiu Feng's son's death, the branches of the toad cave were empty to remember the past years. The mountain-breaking monk pitied Geng Jie, so he practiced skirt flow to fight against Qing Yan. I hope the public will pick you up, admire you, and don't send you to the old river bank.

In this poem, the third sentence "The night before Jiu Feng's son falls" and the seventh sentence "May the public take advantage of you and admire you" are "lonely" and the sentence pattern is "even".

The first of two songs on Xincheng Road.

Dongfeng knew that I was going hiking and blew away the rain accumulated between the eaves. Clouds on the ridge are covered with floc hats, and bronze finches are hung on the trees on the first day. Wild peaches and bamboo hedges are short, and streams and willows shake sand and clear water. Xiqiao people should be the happiest, cooking sunflower and burning bamboo shoots for spring ploughing.

The word "bamboo" in the fifth sentence of this poem is entering tone, so this sentence and the sentence pattern of "flat and flat" constitute "loneliness". This loneliness is caused by the word "depression" in the fifth sentence, so the word "sand" in the sixth sentence should be flat and flat, as if the second word in the seventh sentence had been "saved", which is another kind of "dharma".

The first of two songs "Drinking in the Rain" by Jiang Jun and his family in Suzhou.

The nursery was overcast and the square pond was covered with wrinkles. I'm tired of fairies coming to rain, so don't sing and stay in the clouds. Ken bid farewell to the renewed wine and tried to express his anger with a red skirt. Remember the season of waking up tonight and smell it alone.

The seventh sentence in this poem, "I am awake tonight", is an isolated sentence with the sentence pattern of "even occasionally, occasionally". Readers will know with a little attention that the "independence" of a sentence is also a sound, so there is no "salvation".

Let's take an example. The second word and the sixth word are "loneliness".

This is the first time I saw Hu Aishan in Yingkou and arrived in Shouzhou.

Our river bank goes to the river and sea day and night, and the maple leaves grow and grow in autumn. Long Huai suddenly sees the sun, and the castle peak boat is low for a long time. White Stone Pagoda was seen in Shouzhou (the words "white", "stone" and "pagoda" are all entering tones, forming a "story of five consecutive stories"), but the short stories were not transferred to Huangmaogang. The waves were calm and the old man stood in the smoke for a long time.

The first sentence of this poem, "I walk to the river and sea day and night", is the loneliness of this sentence, and it is "even". In addition, the second word "Huai" in the third sentence should be flat and "out of the law"; The fifth word "boat" in the fourth sentence should also be flat, which leads to the formation of "three lines" with the last three words "boat is low and high"; In the fifth sentence, the words "white", "stone" and "tower" are all Rusheng characters, which constitute the "five-line poem" at the end of the sentence; The first four words of the sixth sentence constitute "four consecutive lines" and the last three words constitute "three consecutive lines"; The first three words of the seventh sentence constitute "three consecutive lines" and the last three words constitute "four consecutive lines"; The fifth word "smoke" in the eighth sentence should be flat, which also leads to the "three consecutive lines" at the end of the sentence. It can be said that this poem has violated all the taboos we often hear.

2. The second, fourth and sixth sentences are "divorced from the law"

There is a cloud in the law poem: "No matter one, three, five, two, four and six are distinct". The first half of this sentence is almost completely wrong, because some of the situations discussed above, such as "loneliness" and "Sanlian", are all caused by the "extralegal" of the third or fifth word. But the second half of this sentence is completely correct, that is to say, if the second word, the fourth word and the sixth word are not in line with the law, it is absolutely not in line with the law. Moreover, all "salvation" is for the first word, the third word or the fifth word, but not the second word, the fourth word or the sixth word. Then, let's see if there is any ambiguity about the second word, the fourth word or the sixth word in Su Shi's poems.

As for the situation that the second word should be flat, the seventh sentence of "The First of Two Songs in Xincheng Road" mentioned above is such a situation. For the case that the second word should be even, the reader will know by looking up the eighth sentence in the poem.

On the 26th, leave for Panxi at 5 o'clock.

Climbing the Xihe River at night is like entering the gorge, and the fire reflects the mountains, which surprises the apes. The lonely moon on the mountain is still there, and the plug on the stone is louder. When people are old, they hide, and the holy things are gone. Andrew's dream followed the thunderbolt, and he immediately dumped the gourd ladle.

It should also be pointed out that the second and sixth words in the fifth sentence of this poem are "isolated", which is "out of touch" with the previous sentence; The fourth word of the sixth sentence should be flat, but the sixth word of the same sentence should be flat; The fifth word of the seventh sentence should be flat and vague, resulting in a "three-linked word" at the end of the sentence; In the eighth sentence, the words 1 should be flush with the second word and flush with the fifth word, resulting in "three consecutive lines" at the end of the sentence.

I wanted to give an example, the fourth word should be flat, but I searched all the works recorded in the 21 volumes of Su Dongpo's Seven Laws, and I really couldn't find them. It can be seen that Su Dongpo's ability to write metrical poems is really awesome. But in at least one case, the fourth word should be even, and the seventh sentence of the next poem is.

My nephew listens to the second of three songs on a quiet night.

The face of heart failure is thin and dignified, but you should recognize the old voice when you meet. Always think about where your home is, and you will know your love when you are old. I'm afraid I'm half dead if people sit still and let the old man scream. The dream broke the wine, awakened Shan Yu, and the hungry mouse lit the lamp.

In addition, the second word in the fifth sentence of this poem is also "lonely and plain". Let's take an example. The sixth word is "extra-legal".

The second rhyme. Bye.

Ji Zidong lost Tian Guo in the Zhou Dynasty. It should be noted that Li Jue is a family heirloom. Think about it carefully, planting 50 copies is better than harvesting 300. If you have to connect with Jun in North Lane, don't forget to give up. It's none of my business to wear short clothes, so I don't ask for it if I close the door.

The sixth word "ten" in the third sentence of this poem is Rusheng, Fifty Books of Careful Thinking, so the word should be flat and full, which leads to the "five-linked word" at the end of the sentence.

Second, the phenomenon of "breaking the law" in Huanggu's seven-law poems

The following examples are all taken from the Twenty-third Volume of Seven Laws of Yellow Valley and Eighteen Poems. Because there are many cases of "getting out of the law" in some of Huang Gu's works, almost all the taboos of rhythmic poetry can be found in fewer works, so the following descriptions are no longer classified. For example:

The first of three poems for your uncle Yi Zhong.

Young meritorious calligraphy forest, middle-aged collector Lu Chen. I am an expert in understanding the world, monitoring the market and understanding people's hearts. Wan Li's children are thin, and the snow and ice are deep in October. Dreams and souls around the moon, where to find the Han Festival. (-Eighteen Poem Notes, Volume II, Page 1056)

This poem has the following "out of law" status: the second word in the first sentence belongs to "loneliness" in a broad sense, and the fourth word in the same sentence belongs to "loneliness" in a narrow sense; The word "official" in the second sentence should be flat and ambiguous, which leads to the connection of the four words in the middle; The third sentence is "out of adhesion" with the previous sentence. If this point is ignored, the fifth word should be flat and full, resulting in "three gaps" at the end of the sentence; The fifth word of the fourth sentence should be flat, resulting in "three consecutive lines" at the end of the sentence; The sixth sentence is completely out of alignment with the previous sentence, which leads to the second, fourth and sixth words deviating from the law; The sixth word in the seventh sentence belongs to "loneliness" in a broad sense.

Look at this poem again:

Once again, a rhyming and simple performance, the second of three "Zhongnanyu"

Jiangjin Road, with a clear heart, is not an empty boat. Tao, machine and Zen turn everything, and literary talent comes into being. The ups and downs of the world, only wine can be learned, and sorrows and joys can be sung by poetry at any time. It's not easy to get drunk, but things change like clouds. (-Eighteen Poem Notes, Volume II, Page 1063)

This poem has the following phenomena: the fourth and fifth words in the first sentence should be even, which leads to "four consecutive lines" at the end of the sentence; The second word of the third sentence should be flat, resulting in "losing adhesion" with the previous sentence, and the sixth word should be flat and flat, resulting in "three consecutive lines" at the end of the sentence; The second word of the fourth sentence should be flat and flat, and the fourth word of the same sentence should be flat and flat, both of which are "out of the law"; The fifth and sixth words of the seventh sentence should be flush, resulting in a "five-linked word" at the end of the sentence; The second word of the eighth sentence should be flat, and it should be "out of law".

Another example is:

Thirdly, the performance with simple phonology, the third of three "Zhongnanyu"

Lock a bottle of wine on the Jiangting and the mountain will cross the Baiyun River. Hou Li's short Brown has advantages, and he was born with nothing ordinary. After the operation, the story of diusim continued the dog's tail, and the article was shocking. Ancient literati kept the festival and listened to the five watches every night. (-Eighteen Poem Notes, Volume II, Page 1063)

There are also many cases of "deviation from the law" in this poem: the third sentence is "out of line" with the previous sentence, and the second and sixth sentences are "isolated" in a broad sense; Considering that the fourth sentence should be opposite to the third sentence, it can be seen that the fourth word and the sixth word of this sentence should be flat and both are "dharma"; The fifth word of the fifth sentence should be flush; The fifth and sixth words of the seventh sentence should be flush, resulting in "four hyphens" at the end of the sentence.

Third, the comparison with corpus luteum

As pointed out above, Su Dongpo's "practicing dharma" accounts for 13%, and Huang Gu's "practicing dharma" accounts for 17%. Although almost the same, Su Dongpo's rate of "breaking the law" is still 4 percentage points lower. From this, it can be concluded that either Su Dongpo should abide by the taboo of metrical poetry more consciously.

You can do some further analysis. As mentioned above, Su Dongpo's "Fa Chu" is mostly an isolated type in a broad sense, while the second, fourth and sixth words "Fa Chu" are not all listed above, and the rest are really few. On the other hand, the situation of Huang Gu is just the opposite, and his "extra-legal" situation is mostly in the second, fourth and sixth words; And that kind of general "lonely flat" type is not much. In view of the statement that "one, three and five are irrelevant, and two, four and six are distinct", it shows that the second, fourth and sixth characters are more harmful than "loneliness", because "loneliness" is mainly caused by the first, third and fifth characters.

If we only compete by the perfection of "entering the law", then the above two points seem to explain why Su became a queen. But this does not affect the mutual singing and praise between Su Huang. In the second year (1087), Su Dongpo wrote a poem "seeing Yang Mengrong off", with a note of "corpus luteum", which is the origin of "corpus luteum" in literary history. In order to explore what "corpus luteum" is, record this poem as follows:

Send yang mengrong

My family belongs to Emei, just like my son. Across six miles, * * * drink the glass river. Jiangshan does not violate people, and it is full of thousands of windows. However, people in the bitter window deliberately do not fall. Children belong to a small country, Hong Zhong choked slightly. I will leave the jade to sit, and I will take a weak step and carry it. There are many talents in the afterlife, such as Huang Tongshuang. Refused to enter the state capital, my old friend Yu Laopang. Diligent and inquiry, cherish eyebrows. Why did you wait for me to come back? I am cold and spring.

I tried to sum up the characteristics of the corpus luteum from the last poem: it is an ancient style full of "Sanlian" and "Sanlian", but it also deliberately avoids legal sentences, such as "deliberately not falling down" and "old friend". I haven't discovered the second characteristic, which Ji Yun summed up and said was "good at narrow rhyme". The third feature is summarized by Huang Gu herself. He wrote a chorus poem, entitled "Zi Zhanmiao's poem is a dramatic effect of cloud effect, and Huang Tingjian hides his body and retreats". Meng Jiao and Fan Zongshi are ridiculous. Zhan Zhan, the son of Er Yun Dao, "Send Yang Mengrong" says that Emei Yinzi is in the same gang, which means this rhyme. It can be seen that this third feature is "funny" and humorous. Let's record this poem so that readers can easily appreciate its humorous temperament.

Zi Zhan's wonderful poem "I am the dramatic effect of Yun Xiao Huang Ting's strong body and retreat". Meng Jiao and Fan Zongshi are ridiculous, so the book "Send Yang Mengrong" by Zhan, the son of Er Yun Dao, says that Emei and I are in the same gang, which is rhyme.

My poems are like Cao Cao's, too shallow to be a country. Into the big country of Chu, swallowing five lakes and three rivers. Yuefeng flute in Chibi, Yunchuang in Yutang. Syntactic unity, forcing the city to obey my surrender. The withered pine fell into the ravine, and the waves came. A thousand cows couldn't carry it, and the public was carrying it independently. Everyone scoffed, and the canal was not classic. But knowing each other, I worshipped Lao Pang under the bed. If the child doesn't know, the guests may be embarrassed. If you are honest, you can buy a red wine jar. ("Selected Works of Famous Artists"? Collected Works of Huang Tingjian, page 7 1)

For the convenience of ordinary readers, I translated this poem as follows:

My poems are as shallow as Cao Guo and Guo Yi in the Spring and Autumn Period, and they are not a country at all.

Your poems are indeed as vast as Chu at that time, covering all the five lakes and three rivers.

Under the Red Cliff, all you wrote was scenery. Now in the imperial court, you are in the position of "knowing patents".

Your law is solemn, like a strong fortress, but you accept my surrender with an open mind.

Your poetry is vigorous and powerful. You can carry the withered pine that fell in the ravine independently. Ten thousand cows didn't move it, but let it be hit by the flood.

Some people will talk like this; I can't compare with Zhang Lei, Chaobu River, but I am one of the four bachelor's degrees in Sumen.

My entry depends on your appreciation, so I'd like to meet you under your bed.

But my son may be very promising, and guests may praise him for his generosity. He can really be your granddaughter's son-in-law.

To this end, I have saved the wedding banquet, bought HongLing, and packed the jars. )

Of course, this poem by Huang Gu is also archaic, and it also has the three characteristics summarized above. However, Huang Valley also wrote poems. Regrettably, Su Dongpo did not point out the characteristics of his regular poems when he was a student. However, through the research of this paper, we have pointed out in the previous article that the "off-law" rate of Huanggu's regular poems is high, and most of them are "off-law" of two, four and six characters, so the degree of violation is also serious. This is also a feature of Huanggu's regular poems, right?

What we want to ask now is, is Huang Li's ability to write rhythmic poems inferior to Su Dongpo's, or is it due to other reasons, or just by accident? Let's review the song "Three Poems for Uncle Zhong Yi" discussed above, in which we point out that the couplet "Wan Li's book is thin and the snow is deep in October" is completely "wrong". However, if "the depth of ice and snow in October" is changed to "the depth of ice in In the snow", the general meaning will not change, but it will avoid "losing power" and completely "enter the law". But why doesn't Huang Gu modify it like this? At the age of seven, he wrote a poem for a shepherd boy: "Riding a cow far across Qiancun, whistling across the shore, Chang 'an has many fame and fortune, and the authorities are not as tired as you." "Its meter is very strict. Such a pediatrician who tried to "enter the law" by changing the position of the text, can we say that he "does not understand"? So the valley can only be changed for other reasons. It turns out that metrical poems also have a requirement of "antithesis", which is divided into two aspects: one is flat and the other is similar in meaning. The above changes have achieved the opposition between levels, but destroyed the similarity of word meaning, so Huang Gu did not make such changes. It can be seen that on the issue of "antithesis" of regular poems, it is better to criticize "out of line" and take its positive meaning.

It can be seen that it is no accident that Huanggu's regular poems are more "out of line". Professor Mo Lifeng said in "On the Three Stages of Huang Tingjian's Poetry Creation (Preface)": "After the age of 30, Huang Tingjian not only continued the above artistic pursuit, but today Huang Tingjian emphasizes the rough tone of riding a donkey for survival (selected works by famous artists? "Collected Works of Huang Tingjian", page 6) later said: "Huang Tingjian was influenced by Du Fu, but only 65,438+09 in Du Fu's 65,438+0597 law is awkward, which can be described as one of them occasionally. Huang Tingjian wrote 153 awkward seven-rhyme poems in his life, accounting for half of the total number of seven-rhyme poems (if so, the "rhyme-losing" rate of Huang Gu's seven-rhyme poems reached 50%. In fact, readers need not be surprised, because the sample on which this article is based is only included in Eighteen Poems, which was selected by Zeng Guofan. So, what is the "disharmony law"? Please read the following works, which are also included in Eighteen Poems.

Buy wine at the bank and give it to Huang Shiqi.

The house where my family lives is full of worries. Long song advised him to travel. Liu Huang couldn't understand the bright moon, and the green trees gave birth to cool autumn for me. Mo Wen, a sheep family in Chuping, spent thousands of hectares drunk. Who leans against the rudder tower to blow the jade emperor and hangs the roof against the cold?

If we only talk about it in a level tone, the poem is characterized by "extralegal": the second and fourth words in the first sentence and the second sentence are "unpaired", which is caused by two "extralegal" in the two sentences; The sixth word in the third sentence is "loneliness"; The first four words of the fourth sentence are "four consecutive lines" and the last three words are "three consecutive lines"; The second word of the fifth sentence should be flat, and the last three words should be "three consecutive"; The fourth word of the sixth sentence should be flush; In the eighth sentence, the second word "spoon" means entering tone, so it should be flat and even. But this poem is a masterpiece that Huang Li is proud of and praised by critics. A selection of famous works? Explaining this poem, Huang Tingjian Collection said: "The author once asked his nephew, Father Hong Gui, which poems he liked. Father Gui quoted several sentences,' Liu Huang doesn't understand the bright moon, and the green trees give birth to cool autumn for me', which he thought had deep similarities with Du Fu. Huang tingjian said happily:' yes!' (See page 27 of this book) "The book goes on to quote the comment of the Oriental Tree:" Especially don't make an arrogant and eccentric sentence, and its air will follow. " He also quoted Huang Gugu's own words, "Ning Fa is not harmonious but not weak", which shows that Huang Tingjian did it on purpose.

But the critics' comments also prompted me to ask the following questions: the so-called "an arrogant sentence" is nothing more than "four companies" and "three companies" in the final analysis. How did you become "unique" when you arrived in the Yellow Valley? Is it just because Huang Gu is the ancestor of Jiangxi Poetry School that a new figure has emerged in a hundred years? However, in today's classical poetry world, poets don't write poems unless there are rules, and readers don't read poems unless there are rules. In order to attract readers, poets flaunt themselves as "seven laws" and so on. Fortunately, when experts see it, they will not say whether their ideas are lofty, whether their feelings are touching or not, and whether their descriptions are vivid. They just say that they are "lonely" or "out of line". From this secular point of view, where is the recognized ancestor of Jiangxi Poetry School in the history of literature?

Personally, I agree with Huang Li's view that "the law is not harmonious and the punishment is not weak" The beauty of his couplet "Liu Huang can't understand the bright moon, the green trees give birth to cool autumn for me" lies in that it is not "weak in words", that is, it is rich in meaning, that it fully expresses the firm belief that personality is higher than dust, that it is a concrete and delicate metaphor of the upper couplet and the lower couplet, and that the two couplets are in neat opposition in meaning, that is, it is not "disharmony in law", that is, it is not so-called "arrogance"

Four conclusions or my attitude towards the metric system

Now I list my attitude towards metrical poetry as the conclusion of this article:

[If! Support lists] (1) [endif] Since you are learning to write metrical poems, of course, you should try your best to make your own poems into law.

[If! [endif] But don't go into a dead end. Since Su Huang can only get 8 or 9 points, I know I am weak, so 7 or 8 points is enough.

[If! SupportLists](3)[endif] I am willing to promote my aunt as the ancestor, but if it is not enough, I can sacrifice the rules.

[If! SupportLists](4)[endif] Never talk about poetry only by meter, or you may lose thousands of miles.

Finally, record a paragraph of Su Dongpo's Loneliness for readers.

The first of five drunken books in Wang Hu Building on June 29th.

Clouds poured out and poured down like ink, but a mountain range was exposed on the horizon, bright and fresh, and the splashing water was like white pearl gravel, splashing on the boat. Suddenly, the wind rolled up and dispersed the clouds in the sky. The lake was blue as a mirror, beautiful and gentle.

This poem was recorded from Eighteen Poems, Volume 26, Su Dongpo's Four Musts. Reader test, the second sentence is "loneliness". Even with this "flaw", no matter how good the poem is, it is difficult to change a word without publication.

Saturday, April 2, 2065 438+06

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