? ? Silence for the Chinese Pulsatilla/Singing/Thinking for the Bald Head.
Don Liu Xiyi
Li Huafeng, a peach blossom in Luoyang Oriental, flies around, and I don't know whose home it is.
Luoyang woman looks beautiful, sitting alone in the courtyard, looking at the scattered plum blossoms, sighing long.
The peach blossom and plum blossom I saw this year have rotted in color. I wonder who can see the beautiful flowers in the flowering season next year?
I have seen handsome pines and cypresses destroyed into firewood, and I heard that mulberry fields have become the sea.
Old friends no longer lament that the peach blossoms are dying in the east of Luoyang, but now people are still falling in the wind.
Flowers still bloom every year, but they are different from year to year.
Tell those young people in their prime that they should pity this half-dead old man.
Now he is white-haired and poor, but he is still a handsome young woman.
The old man in his later years once danced with the son of Yu Fangshu's son in the methotrexate song.
There are also beautiful decorative billiard tables like Guanglu Xun Imperial Guards and Horses in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and there are also those with colorful fairy painted in the mourning hall like Liang Ji.
When the old man is sick in bed, he is ignored. In the past, he had fun in the spring. Where is the Qing dance now?
How many times can a beautiful woman like a beautiful woman last? After a while, the crane was disheveled and pale as silk.
All the songs and dances of the ages, the birds left in the dusk are empty.
Translation?
Peach blossoms and plum blossoms in the east of Luoyang drifted with the wind, flying around, and I don't know whose home they landed in.
Luoyang woman, with a delicate and charming face, sat alone in the courtyard, looking at the scattered peaches and plums and sighing for a long time.
This year, I am here to watch peach blossoms and plum blossoms fade due to withering. I wonder who else will see the brilliant victory when the flowers bloom next year.
I have seen handsome pines and cypresses destroyed and cut down for firewood. I heard that mulberry fields have become the sea of Wang Yang.
Old friends no longer lament the withering of Luoyang Dongtaoli, but now people are still mourning for the falling flowers falling with the wind.
Flowers still bloom every year, but people who look at them every year are different.
Tell those young people in their prime to pity this half-dead old man.
Now his hair is all white, poor thing. However, he used to be a charming young man.
The old man with white hair once played with his son Wang Sun under the fragrant tree, singing and dancing before the flowers fell.
He used to decorate the pool platform with splendid scenery like Ma Fang, who was advised by Guang Luquan in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He also painted clouds and immortals everywhere in the pavilion of his mansion.
Now the old man with white head was once ill in bed and ignored. Where was the joy of singing and dancing in the past?
And how long can a beautiful woman's youthful beauty last? After a while, the crane's hair was unkempt and white as silk.
I saw the land of singing and dancing through the ages, and all that remained was the birds singing in the air at dusk.
To annotate ...
(1) Generation: Proposed. Pulsatilla: an old man with white hair. The title of this poem is different in each anthology. Tang Yin, Tang Gui, Tang Pinhui and the whole Tang poetry all wrote "Pulsatilla". "All Tang Poems" is also called "Singing for Whitehead". Wen Yuan Hua Ying, Yuefu poetry anthology and Yu Yun Yang Qiu are called "Whitehead Songs". You Mao wrote 300 Tang Poems into Poems of Pulsatilla.
(2) Sit down and see: one is "doing everything".
(3) Destroy pine and cypress for firewood: both pine and cypress are cut for firewood. Nineteen ancient poems: "Ancient tombs plow fields, and pine and cypress destroy wages."
(4) Sangtian changed into the sea: Fairy legend: "Ma Gu said Wang Yue,' self-suffering, I saw Sangtian in the East China Sea'".
5. Childe: When Pulsatilla was young, she sang and danced with her son Wang Sun in front of the flowers under a tree.
[6] Guanglu: Guanglu Xun. With the story of Ma Fang, the son of Ma Yuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Biography of Ma Yuan in the Later Han Dynasty (with Biography of Ma Fang) states that Ma Fang worships Guang Luxun as emperor and lives in luxury. Wen Jinxiu: refers to decorating the objects in the billiard table with brilliant flowers. Wen, also known as "Kai" or "Zhang", is wrong.
(7) General: Liang Ji, an aristocrat in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was once a general. "Biography of Ji Liang in the Later Han Dynasty" contains: Liang Ji built a large house.
⑻ Wan Zhuan Mei: The face of a young woman was originally painted and made up, and this generation refers to youth.
(9) After a while. Crane hair: white hair.
⑽ Ancient times: First, "old".
Full text appreciation
This is a quasi-ancient Yuefu poem. "White-headed Poem" is the old title of the harmony "Songs of the South" in Han Yuefu. In ancient times, it was written that a woman said goodbye to her lover who abandoned her. Liu Xiyi wrote this poem "A Woman for an Old Man", lamenting that youth is perishable and wealth is impermanent. Novel conception, lyricism, beautiful language, harmonious phonology and high artistry. It was praised in the early Tang dynasty and has always been a famous article.
In the first half of the poem, Luoyang women are sentimental, expressing their feelings that life is short and beauty is easy to get old; In the second half, the old man with a white head was demoted, expressing his feelings about the changes of the world and the impermanence of wealth. He summed up the whole meaning in the transition from front to back with the phrase "Only seeing ancient singing and dancing places, only birds are sad at dusk", pointing out that the future of beauty must be the old man's today, while the old man's past is actually the beauty's today. Send a message, the beauty is full of beauty, and pity her to death. " The poet typifies the specific fate of beautiful women and old men with white heads, which shows that this is the same fate of a large group of men, women and children in the lower classes of feudal society, so he puts forward that they should help each other in the same boat and have the function of "awakening the world"
"Peach blossoms in Luoyang East, whose home flies around", the first two sentences of the poem describe the late spring scenery in Luoyang East. Luoyang, the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty, was very prosperous. The bustling city is full of gorgeous flowers, and the city is full of spring scenery and vitality and charm. However, time flies. At this time, Luoyang is already in the season of falling flowers, and peaches and plums are flying, and I don't know where to go. These two sentences are the beginning of the poem. The yearning and nostalgia for beautiful spring scenery and young beauty, the sadness and regret for falling peaches and plums, and the perishable youth expressed below are all born from this.
The following ten sentences "Luoyang daughter is a good girl" describe the infinite feelings of young Luoyang daughter in the face of falling flowers all over the sky. What Luo Yang's daughter is sad about is actually the change of nature, which is associated with the brevity of beauty and the limitation of human life. "This year, the color of flowers has changed. Who will blossom next year? " It shows the psychology of lamenting that beauty is easy to get old and life is impermanent because of the passage of spring. The phrase "pine and cypress ruin their salary" comes from Nineteen Ancient Poems: "Plowing an ancient tomb for fields, pine and cypress ruin their salary." "Mulberry fields turn into the sea" means that land turns into the sea. The book "Biography of Ma Gu Xian" says: "Ma Gu said that since the reception, I have seen three mulberry fields in the East China Sea." These two sentences vividly illustrate that the world has changed a lot by metaphor. "The ancients have not recovered from Luocheng East, but today people are still disappointed" reveals the objective law that life is perishable and the universe is eternal. The phrase "flowers are similar year after year, people are different year after year", with beautiful and smooth antitheses, intensively expresses the sigh that youth is easy to get old and things are impermanent, and is full of poetic artistic conception and philosophy, which has been widely recited.
The following ten sentences, "Send a beautiful message", summarize the life experience of Pulsatilla. The old man with white hair used to be a beautiful boy. In the past, he often sang and danced under trees and played in front of flowers. The phrase "Guangluchi Wen Tai Splendid" expresses the rich life of the powerful and luxurious in history that Pulsatilla once experienced. However, once you get sick and get old, no one will take care of you and you have to give it to others. By describing Pulsatilla's life from beauty to old illness, from amusement to loneliness, this passage not only expresses the poet's attachment and yearning for youthful beauty and singing and dancing, but also expresses his pity and sympathy for the elderly Pulsatilla, further expressing his feelings about the shortness of beauty and limited life, thus enhancing the artistic appeal and philosophy of poetry.
Finally, the four periods show the main ideas and summarize the whole poem. "How soon can you turn around? In an instant, the crane was in a mess. " Two sentences sigh that a beautiful girl will turn into a white-haired old woman in a blink of an eye, but it is a pity that youth is hard to stay. "Only look at the ancient song and dance place, only the birds are sad at dusk", everything is like a passing cloud, quickly disappearing! In the bustling entertainment places in the past, now only a few birds make a few shrill calls in the cold dusk. The last word "sadness" in the last sentence is the keynote of this poem.
The first half of this poem is translated from Dong Jiaorao, a Yuefu poem written by Song Zihou in the Eastern Han Dynasty, but it is more typical after Liu Xiyi's re-creation. As the conclusion of the first half sentence, the sentence "year after year" is a famous sentence in the Book of Songs, which is accurate in metaphor and accurate in language, making people alert and save. The upside-down repetition of "year after year" and "year after year" not only echoes in rows, but also emphasizes the ruthless fact and helplessness of the passage of time, which is really touching. The image metaphor of "flowers are similar" and "people are different" highlights the contrast between the ups and downs of flowers and the youth of life, which is intriguing. Combined with the experience of the bald old man in the second half, we can realize that the poet did not use the comparison between "woman" and "spring flower", but used the general terms "person" and "flower", not only because of the limitation of the number of words in the seven-character poem, but also because it included all the poor people who could not control their own destiny, including the poet himself. Perhaps, because of this, there are many attached legends about this poem. As "Xin Yu of Tang Dynasty" and "Skill Poetry" said, the poet himself thinks that these two poems are ominous, that is, the so-called "poetry expresses ambition". A year later, the poet was really killed and answered the so-called "poetic prophecy". The appearance and spread of this nonsense not only reflects people's cherish of the poet's talent and sympathy for his misfortune, but also shows that the mood of the poem is too sad.
This poem combines the artistic experience of the Han poetry style, the modern poetry style of the Southern Dynasties and the poetry style of Liang Chen Gong, forming a graceful and euphemistic style. In narrative mode, it also draws lessons from the narrative exposition of Yuefu poetry and the lyric techniques of ancient poetry, and can skillfully interweave and use various contrasts to give play to the advantages of duality and allusions, which is an outstanding achievement in the art of this poem. He didn't seem to be famous before his death. After his death, Sun edited the anthology, "Poetry is the most concentrated, so it is called by people at that time" ("Da Tang Xin Yu"). It can be seen that he suffered from depression all his life, which is the ideological root of his negative sentimentality. The strong sentimental sentiment in this poem reflects the fact that the feudal system fetters and hurts talents.
Brief introduction of the author
Liu Xiyi (about 65 1 year-about 680) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. A Tingzhi, whose name is Yan Zhi, is from Ruzhou (now Ruzhou City, Henan Province), Han nationality. ? Gaozong was a scholar in the second year of Shang Dynasty. He is beautiful, talkative and good at playing the pipa. His poems are good at singing, writing more about women's feelings, soft and gorgeous, and sentimental. He was delayed by a rare mandarin and was down and out. Later, he was killed by his uncle Song and died before he was thirty. The original set has been lost.