Shenyang Palace Museum site is located in Shenyang Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province. It is a royal palace built and used by two generations of Hanwang-Nuerhachi, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty, before entering the customs.
It was founded in 1625 (five years from tomorrow) and completed in 1636 (the ninth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty). At that time, Huang Taiji proclaimed himself here, changing the title of Jin State to Qing Dynasty and the first year of Chongde in Qing Dynasty.
Shenyang Forbidden City covers an area of about 60,000 square meters. It is an imitation of the palace architecture of the Ming Dynasty, in which the life elements of Manchu were added. The first places to be built were the administrative hall and the Ten Kings Pavilion.
1644 (in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen), the Qing Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing, and this former imperial palace became the capital. In the early years of Shunzhi, Shengjing was designated as the "capital". Later, five Shengjing departments, including households, rituals, soldiers, criminals and workers, and various government offices, such as Fengtianfu and Chengde County, were set up in the city.
During the period from 167 1 (the tenth year of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty) to 1829 (the ninth year of Daoguang), Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang made ten east tours here.
During the Qianlong period, it was rebuilt, rebuilt and expanded for the Qing emperor's eastward tour and the storage of ancestors' things in the palace, which became an accumulated palace complex with palaces coexisting.
The current site of the Forbidden City has 1 14 well-preserved ancient buildings and more than 500 rooms. After the founding of New China, in order to protect cultural relics, Shenyang Palace Museum was established on the site. He is one of the two well-preserved sites of ancient palace art architecture. The famous works of ancient palace architecture are preserved, and the collection is very rich. 196 1 year, the State Council identified Shenyang Forbidden City as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
Autumn in October, the sky is crisp. The fiery red sun shines on the distant land. Su Qiu has arrived, and the ancient city green yarn has changed in autumn. Poplar leaves have fallen, maple leaves are red, and only the pine trees on the bank of Hunhe River are still green, and the muddy water that crosses the vast land of Liaoshen River flows quietly there.
People walk on the embankment, and the breeze blows, feeling a little comfortable. Suddenly I feel that late autumn is coming. In this golden autumn season, I took a bus to Zhongjie on business, came to Shenhe District, and had the opportunity to go to Shenyang Forbidden City. I've been here before, but I haven't had a chance to enter the Forbidden City.
I'm free today, so I want to see it. Park your car in the parking lot on the east side behind the Forbidden City. Go along the high red wall on the east side to Zhengqianmen Street. This ancient building group faces north. The main entrance is on the meridian axis of Qianmen Street. The parking lot is hundreds of meters away from the main entrance street. Turn over the red wall and soon come to Zhengqianmen Street.
The first thing that catches your eye is the east gate of the Forbidden City in Qian Jie. On the horizontal eyebrow of the red painted gate are written four golden characters "Shenyang Forbidden City". This door won't open. This door is symmetrical to the west gate. On both sides of the central axis of the main entrance.
Inside this building complex, it is divided into three parallel parts from the central axis, with East Road in the east, West Road in the west and Middle Road in the middle. There are two cross-courtyard buildings in the middle road, namely the East Courtyard and the West Courtyard.
East Road was built by Nurhachi, and the main buildings are Dazheng Hall and Ten Kings Pavilion. This is the place where Han Xian Wang and Han Xian Di held ceremonies and the Eight Banners Prince worked.
The middle road is the continuation of Huang Taiji, and the main buildings are the Daqingmen, the Chongzheng Hall and the Phoenix Building. It is the place where the emperor went to court, went to court and lived with his empresses. The East and West Courtyards across the courtyard were built later, and the East Courtyard was the place where Jade Butterfly and Siku Quanshu were stored. To the west is the palace.
West Road was also built later, mainly including Yangxizhai, Wenshui Pavilion, Jiayintang, stage and sedan chair racecourse. It is a place for reading, watching plays, leisure, entertainment and storing sedan chairs, chariots and horses.
Go west at the East Gate of Qian Jie, pass a tall archway across the street, and you will see the main entrance of Shenyang Forbidden City. It turns out that there is a corresponding archway on the east and west sides of the street at the main entrance of the Forbidden City. These two archways are wooden frame structures, blue tiles and eaves.
It is said that the archway in the east is called "Wende Square" and the corresponding archway in the west is called "Wugong Square". The two workshops have the same style, with glazed tile roofs and four columns and three floors. Generally speaking, they are three rooms wide, two rooms high and two rooms low. Wendefang and Wugong Square in front of the Forbidden City in Shenyang are commonly known as "Donghuamen" and "Xihuamen".
When we arrived at the main entrance of the Forbidden City in Qian Jie, we saw a glazed tile house with five floors at the top of the hill. There is a door in the middle, with a plaque on it and four gold words "Shenyang Forbidden City". It is said that it was written by Guo Moruo, a modern scholar in China. Many people buy tickets on the left side of the main entrance, and we also buy tickets from the side door. After the Daqingmen, there are "Longfei Pavilion" and "Fengxiang Pavilion" on both sides of the front of the Daqingmen.
Further on, there is a hall behind the Daqingmen on the central axis, which is called "Zheng Si Hall", surrounded by colored glazed tiles, wooden pillars and bluestone. It is said that this political memorial hall was the place where two generations of Hanwang, Nurhachi and Huang Taiji, went to court. This is the place where the imperial court meets, meets with officials and discusses politics.
There is a throne screen carved with dragons and painted with gold in Chongzheng Hall, which is a special seat for Hanwang. The hatchback is empty, which is the place where the ministers of civil and military affairs of the Eight Banners meet.
There is a plaque hanging high above the throne, which says "fair and square" It is said that the emperor shunzhi copied it in the Forbidden City. The back of this plaque is used to store the imperial edict.
Turn right in front of Chongzheng Hall and enter the East Gate from the seventh floor, which is East Road. This is a group of the earliest ancient buildings. It is the famous "Grand Main Hall" and "Ten Kings Pavilion". The Grand Main Hall is the place where the King of Han and the Emperor held ceremonies and worked, and the Ten Kings Hall is the place where the Eight Banners Prince worked. The main hall is at the northernmost end of East Road, followed by Luanjiaku and in front of the Ten Kings Pavilion. There are two symmetrical pavilions in front of the Ten Kings Pavilion, which are said to be "Playing Music Pavilion", with the east gate exit in front.
The grand main hall has a unique shape. It is an octagonal pyramid-shaped roof truss structure with double eaves, colored glazed tiles as the roof and bluestone as the foundation. The whole building looks like a huge two-story dome with eight sides and a circular spire. The eaves extend in all directions, and there are auspicious owls on the eaves. On the pillar at the door, the golden dragon plate column is symmetrically carved, which is lifelike. There is a sea moire painting on the upper eyebrow, which is colorful. There is a Chinese "Dazheng Hall" plaque on the double eaves.
There are eight huge pillars painted with Yunlong in the hall supporting the top of the hall. In the middle is the screen of Kowloon golden lacquer throne used by Hanwang and the emperor. There is a plaque on it, which is written by Gan Long Yubi.
On both sides of the main hall, there are five symmetrical pavilions, the top of Qingwa Xieshan, a single eave, a wooden frame with ridges, red lacquer painting columns and a white stone enclosure. There are doors, windows and screens in the pavilion. There is a symmetrical stone lion standing next to it. It is said that the five pavilions on the west side of East Road are right-wing Wang Pavilion, Qi Pavilion, Zhenghongqi Pavilion, Hongqi Pavilion and Lanqi Pavilion. The five pavilions on the east side are Zuowanghao Pavilion, Huangqi Pavilion, Zhengbai Banner Pavilion, Baibai Banner Pavilion and Zhenglan Banner Pavilion. There are also several ancient cannons in the museum.
When you see the East Road, turn left behind the main hall, and enter the Middle Road East (East Cross Yard) northward. The buildings in the east include the Pavilion of Monuments, the Pavilion of Classics, the Palace of Interpretation and the Hall of Yihe, which are parallel to the central axis in the east of Chongzheng Hall. It was built during the Eastern Expedition after the Qing Emperor entered the customs.
This classic pavilion is the northernmost courtyard of Zhonglu East Station, facing south, with three pavilions on the second floor. It is the only single-family building in the palace. It is a special place for storing Si Ku Quan Shu and jade molds. Jade Butterfly is a genealogy of the royal family in Aisingiorro compiled by the Qing government.
After seeing the Jing Dian, we went south through Jiezhi Palace and Yihe Hall, arrived at the south exit of Dongsuo, then entered the middle road, arrived at Chongzheng Hall, bypassed Chongzheng Hall and walked north. There is Xia Qi Building on the west, corresponding to Rihua Building on the east, and Xiezhongzhai on the west and Shishanzhai on the east. On the north front, there is a three-story high-rise building named "Phoenix Tower", which stands in the wall several meters high. It is said that this building is a place for Huang Taiji to rest, feast and study. After the Qing dynasty entered the customs, it was used in the early Qing dynasty to store portraits of emperors, music drawings and jade seals. There are four purple characters on the eyebrow plaque of this stair door, which are said to be Ganlong Imperial Pen.
We walked through the building, and the back looked like a quadrangle. This used to be the place where Huang Taiji, the empress and the concubines of Qing Taizong lived. There are Qingning Palace, Guansui Palace, Yongfu Palace, Linzhi Palace and Yanqing Palace.
There are five veranda-style main rooms facing south in the north, which are called "Qingning Palace". It is the bedroom of the filial piety queen Horqin Bolzigit, the main palace of Huang Taiji, where famous philosophers live, also known as "Nuango". The bedroom is divided into north and south rooms, each with a kang, also known as the "dragon bed". It is said that Huang Taiji died in this bedroom.
This Guansui Palace is said to be the bedroom of the Palace and Horqin Borzijit Banner (the famous Hailanzhu).
This Yongfu Palace is said to be the bedroom of the Empress Xiaozhuang Wen, the Horqin Borzijit Banner and the famous Bumu Butai (Zhuangfei). The emperor shunzhi was born in this palace. It is said that the Empress Zhezhe is the aunt of Chen Lanzhu and Mrs. Zhuang Bumu Butai.
After walking through the middle road, Jiutang in the north turns into the west road, and there is a west building complex near the west road, which is actually the west courtyard of the middle road. From north to south, it is parallel to the middle road, including the hollowed-out Taihu Rock rockery, seven rooms, Chongmo Pavilion, Jisizhai, Baoji Palace, Diguang Pavilion and other buildings, which are located on the west side of Chongzheng Hall. This is the palace where Qianlong lived when he went to the Western Ocean.
In front of the nine temples on West Road, the buildings from north to south mainly include Yangxizhai, Wenshui Pavilion, Jiayin Hall, stage and so on, which are places for the emperor to study, entertain and relax during his east tour. After crossing Sven Gate, you will find the sedan chair racecourse.
There is still a set of imitation Taiping cars and corner cars in the room of the car racecourse. This is the sedan chair used by emperors in the past.
It took us more than two hours to see all the corners of the Forbidden City in Shenyang. It was getting late, so I went out of the south gate and returned by car.
202 1 1 Shencheng1October 24th