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After Judy, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Renzong of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Gaochi and Zhu Zhanji adopted a policy of relaxing state rule and supporting the people. At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, social economy was restored and developed in Hongwu, Wen Jian and Yongle periods, and reached prosperity in Renzong and Xuanzong periods. Renzong "stopped shopping, rehabilitated injustice and abuse, and donated all the property to benefit the people." When Xuanzong proclaimed himself emperor, he implemented the policy of attaching importance to agriculture to relieve famine and punish greed. During the period of Ren Xuan, Yang Shiqi, Yang Pu and Yang Rong, great cabinet scholars, were in charge of state affairs and made great achievements. During their reign, it became a rare period in the history of Ming emperors, characterized by clean administration, economic development and social stability. Later generations called it "the rule of benevolence and propaganda", which was opposite to the "the rule of culture and scenery" in the Western Han Dynasty.

experience

In the 22nd year of Yongle (1424), after Judy's death, her sons Zhu Gaochi and Sun Zhu Zhanji successively succeeded to the throne. Zhu Gaochi is Ming Renzong; Zhu Zhanji is Ming Xuanzong. In history, Ming Renzong and Tang Xuanzong are often compared to Zhou Chengwang and Zhou Kangwang in the Zhou Dynasty, and Korean and Han Jing in the Han Dynasty. After "the rule of Cheng Kang" and "the rule of literary scene", "the rule of benevolence and propaganda" is a good example of being king. The so-called "good" refers to being able to inherit the legacy of the entrepreneurial king and better govern the country.

In the 28th year of Hongwu (1395), Judy's eldest son, Zhu Gaochi, was made the prince of Yan and became the legal heir of Judy. Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, asked Zhu Gaochi and Prince Qin Jin to review the guard of honor respectively on Wednesday. Zhu Gaochi was the last person who came back to report to Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang asked him why he came back so late. Zhu Gaochi replied, "It's very cold in the morning. I let the non-commissioned officers eat a hearty breakfast and warm up before reviewing, so I came back late. " Zhu Yuanzhang also asked the four princes to read the chapters and tables presented by the courtiers respectively. When reporting to Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Gaochi only talked about the interests of the military and civilians in the chapter, and never mentioned the occasional fallacy. Zhu Yuanzhang took the chapters he had read, read them again, pointed out the fallacies to him one by one, and asked, "grandson, don't you see these mistakes?" Zhu Gaochi replied, "I was too careless to see these mistakes! I just feel that it will waste your time and energy not to talk about these small problems. " Zhu Yuanzhang once asked him: "Yao had a big flood and Tang had a big drought." What do people rely on? " Zhu Gaochi replied: "Shu Ren depends on being a king and a saint, and saints have a good policy of taking care of Shu Ren." After these visits, Zhu Yuanzhang liked this grandson very much and thought that he had the knowledge to be a king.

In the battle of Jingnan, Judy ordered Zhu Gaochi to stay in Peiping and lead his troops to face the attack of Liaodong army. Zhu Gaochi is well deployed and heavily guarded; Li Jinglong, who came to attack, was helpless in the face of Jiancheng. Li Jinglong's men, Qu Neng, rode thousands of horses to Zhangye at the gates. Afraid of winning the first prize, Li Jinglong not only refused to send troops to support and expand the results, but told him to come back and wait for the troops to attack together. That evening, Zhu Gaochi ordered Beiping defenders to carry water to pour the city. It was freezing, dripping into ice, and the whole city of Beiping became an ice wall. The next day, Li Jinglong attacked again, and the foot soldiers were unable to enter the city. Judy returned to Peiping after defeating the Liaodong army, attacked the southern army abroad with Zhu Gaochi, and defeated Li Jinglong at the gates of Peiping.

In the battle of Jingnan, Rebecca's second sons, Zhu Kang and Zhu, also made great contributions. In the battle of Baigou River, Judy was almost caught by Qu Neng. Zhu arrived with thousands of elite cavalry, killed Qu Neng and rescued Judy. Judy led the troops to the Yangtze River and was defeated by Sheng Yong. It was Zhu who led the cavalry to repel Sheng Yong and turn the tide. Zhu thinks highly of himself and compares himself to the king of Qin who helped win the world. Judy asked Zhu to accompany his brother to visit Zhu Yuanzhang's mausoleum. Zhu Gaochi is too fat and has problems with his feet. He had to rely on the help of two eunuchs to walk, and he was always wobbling. Zhu followed, looked down at his brother and muttered, "The person who walked in front fell down, and the person who walked behind knew to walk carefully!" " Unexpectedly, Zhu Zhanji, who was named Judy's great-grandson, followed closely and immediately replied: "If the person who walks behind falls, the person who walks behind will also know to walk carefully." Zhu looked back and looked at it with four eyes. He couldn't help but feel a quiver, and his face suddenly changed.

Zhu Zhanji is the eldest son of Zhu Gaochi. Just as Zhu Yuanzhang appreciated his grandson Zhu Gaochi, Judy appreciated his grandson Zhu Zhanji. In the eighth year of Yongle (14 10), Judy made an expedition to the desert and entrusted Zhu Zhanji with the important task of staying in Beijing. The next year, he was made the grandson of the emperor. As early as the first full moon in Zhu Zhanji, Judy praised him after seeing him: "This grandson is full of heroic spirit!" After Zhu Zhanji became the great-grandson of the emperor, Judy often praised Zhu Gaochi: "Your son is the future Taiping emperor!" When I was fighting for the throne with Zhu, I also made up my mind. Judy asked Jie Jin, an undergraduate student at Wenyuange, for advice. Jie Jin believes: "The eldest son of the emperor is benevolent and filial, and the world returns to the heart." Judy kept silent. Jie Jin repeatedly kowtowed and persuaded, "There is still a good grandson!" This means that Zhu Zhanji is a good candidate to inherit the throne in the future. This remark went to Judy's heart. Judy took Jie Jin's advice and determined Zhu Gaochi as the legal heir to the throne.

When Judy died, Zhu Gaochi succeeded to the throne. As soon as Zhu Gaochi became emperor, he said to his deputies, "In the past, some emperors were arrogant and didn't like to listen to straight words. Those who are courtiers below do whatever they want and flatter themselves, which leads to the decline of the country and their own collapse. You and I should both take warning! " He said so and did the same. When Qing Shaoge of Dali Temple spoke in a lecture, he was outspoken and his words were fierce. Some officials trying to please Zhu Gaochi accused Ge Qian of being careless and pursuing fame and fortune. Zhu Gaochi also almost become angry from embarrassment, to punish Qian Yi. Yang Shiqi, a university student in Gai Hua Temple, pointed out to him: "Only a wise emperor can have an upright minister. I hope your majesty will give preferential treatment to people like Ge Qian. " Zhu Gaochi didn't punish Qian Yi, but every time he saw him, his face was always ugly and his tone of voice was harsh. Yang Shiqi further pointed out to him: "qian yao has angered your majesty, and court officials will think that your majesty can't tolerate outspoken people when they see your attitude towards him." Zhu Gaochi suddenly understood: "This is really something I can't confess. Those who please me and cater to my meaning actually aggravate my mistakes. " He turned around and didn't hear any truth from the courtiers for more than a month. He said to Yang Shiqi, "Go and talk to the courtiers and express the feelings of ACC for me." Yang Shiqi replied, "I can't win the trust of ministers by saying a few words. Please send a letter to explain this in person! " Therefore, Zhu Gaochi wrote an imperial edict to criticize himself. Since then, a good atmosphere of speaking frankly has gradually formed in the court.

Zhu Gaochi, Emperor Renzong of Ming Dynasty, died before he became a full year, and Zhu Zhanji, Emperor Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty, succeeded him. Zhu wanted to learn the old trick, repeating the drama of "Jingnan" and launching a rebellion in his fief Le 'an (now Guangrao, Shandong). He led the soldiers of the five armies of the camp and personally recruited Zhu. On the March, let his ministers analyze Zhu's movements. Some people think that he must take Jinan first, while others think that he will lead his troops south and capture Nanjing. However, Zhu Zhanji has a good idea. He analyzed the ministers and said, "Zhu Tingjun, how can he attack Jinan, which is heavily defended?" ! His guards and family are in Le 'an and will not follow him to Nanjing. Zhu is a man who is boastful and deceitful, timid at heart, suspicious in the face of things and keeps interrupting. He dared to rebel because he bullied me, because I was young and thought I dared not go on an expedition myself. He must have been frightened to know that I led the army to make a personal expedition. How dare he go to war? "Sure enough, no Zhu Zhanji expected. Zhu is a bully is always a coward, guilty and timid. Besides, when he saw that he was alienated from others, the army had no fighting spirit, so he had to go out of the city and confess to Zhu Zhanji. The rebellion was quickly put down.

Ming Taizu and Zhu Zhanji attached great importance to virtuous ministers and implemented the policy of sharing interest with the people. He once went to Beijing and saw several farmers plowing the land. He personally went to the field to talk with the farmers, took the plow handle from the farmers and pushed it three times. He said to his entourage with emotion, "I only pushed the plow three times and I felt very tired." Ordinary people work endlessly all year round, and the hard work is even more imaginable! When Zhu Zhanji built Zhu Gaochi Mausoleum of Emperor Renzong of Ming Dynasty, he followed Zhu Gaochi's wishes, advocated frugality and paid attention to economy, and completed the mausoleum project in only three months. Zhu Zhanji took this head, and later Ming Tombs were built more frugally. It was not until the Ming Dynasty 1 1 the reign of Emperor Zhu Houzong that this rule was broken and a luxurious mausoleum was built for himself.

Zhu Zhanji, Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, famously said. One sentence is "it is better to save trouble than to save officials." That was when criticizing a governor. The governor asked for an additional official of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, who was in charge of food management in Hangjiahu area. Zhu Zhanji thought that the country had a constant tax revenue, so he could not keep redundant officials, and refused his request. There is also a saying that "it is better for the people to be safe." That was when criticizing a minister of industry. The Minister of Industry suggested that the stupa of Guoyuan Temple be built in Shanxi for the benefit of the country. Zhu Zhanji believes that the stability of people's hearts is the blessing of the country, and there is no need to "seek happiness" by building stupas.

There is a magistrate in Henan Province. When there was a famine in the local area, thousands of stone grain in the post station were distributed to the victims indiscriminately. Zhu Zhanji praised him and said, "If we follow the procedures and declare at different levels, the people would have starved to death." He also inherited his father's willingness to accept opinions. He asked Yang Pu, a college student, to try his best to help himself. Yang Pu kowtowed and replied, "I will never forget to repay your kindness." He told Yang Pu: "Pointing out my fault directly is the best reward for me."

It is precisely because the ideas of Zhu Gaochi and Zhu Zhanji of Ming Renzong were more enlightened that "administering Ren Xuan" was praised by historians.