Analysis:
Ye (1667- 1746), whose real name is Gui, was born in Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. He was an outstanding physician in Qing Dynasty and one of the main representatives of typhoid fever school. Ye was born in a medical family. His grandfather Ye and his father Ye are proficient in medical skills, especially in pediatrics. Ye Gui began to study medicine with his father at the age of 12. /kloc-when he was 0/4 years old, his father died, so he took his father's favorite pupil Zhu as his teacher and specialized in medical skills. Ye Shi Tian's intelligence is extraordinary, and he can understand the super image at one point; Especially open-minded and eager to learn. Whenever I hear that a doctor has expertise, I worship him as a teacher and follow his brother. In ten years, I have changed seventeen teachers, and he can understand everything. Therefore, his medical skills have advanced by leaps and bounds and his reputation has greatly improved. Shen Deqian, the prime minister, once made a biography for him, saying: "So the masterpieces of the ruling and opposition parties, that is, the peddlers, were all transported to foreign clothes in neighboring provinces. From the facts to the names, it is known that there is Mr. Ye Shi Tian." Ye is not only proficient in medical skills, but also pays attention to macro-exploration and exposition in his scholarship. He is a meticulous scholar, which brings out the best in medicine and scholarship. He believes that "there is no end to learning, and reading can't be light." Therefore, although it enjoys a high reputation, it can't put it down and learn from others. Ji Huang's Preface once said: "The higher a gentleman's name is, the better he is at walking, and a gentleman never reads." He is a person who is "practicing both inside and outside, making friends widely, being loyal and reliable" ... who tells each other about their difficulties, gives them all the money, and helps them without taking care of them. He is a doctor, but he doesn't like to call himself a doctor. Before he died, he said to his son, "They can't do what doctors can do. They must be gifted and sensitive, and then they can learn from thousands of books to help the world. Otherwise, there are few people who don't kill people and use drug bait as the blade. When I die, my descendants should be careful not to talk lightly about medicine. "
Ye was too busy diagnosing all his life to write anything by himself. Clinical Guide Medical Records consists of ten volumes, followed by Pediatric Psychotherapy and Warm Therapy. Three volumes of Ye Yi's medical case preserve the truth. According to the records, it was his master and descendants who arranged the records. Among them, Warming Therapy is the crystallization of Ye's oral experience and clinical experience, and it is a very important and precious document on febrile diseases. This paper mainly discusses the way of feeling, the law of transmission and change, the treatment method and the syndrome differentiation of defending qi and nourishing blood, as well as the syndrome differentiation method and diagnostic significance of tongue, teeth and spots as a guide to the diagnosis and treatment of febrile diseases, and discusses the syndrome differentiation and treatment of febrile diseases suffered by women before and after pregnancy and when water is suitable for diagnosis and treatment. It is said that his master Gu recorded Ye's dictation when he went down to Dongting Lake with Ye. Clinical Guide to Medical Records was compiled by Wuxi Huayuyun, who collected and classified Ye's medical records in his later years. There are 89 kinds of diseases, each of which was written by its owner, with a discussion, followed by comments on Xu Ling's fetus. Volumes 1 to 8 record miscellaneous symptoms and cases of internal medicine; The ninth volume is gynecology; Volume 10 is pediatrics; The index of the prescriptions used is attached at the end of the book. Zhang Nan changed the name of Pediatric Heart Therapy after it was handed down by Ye Gui, and mainly discussed the syndrome differentiation and treatment of pediatric diseases, especially the syndrome differentiation and treatment of exogenous diseases in spring and summer and autumn dryness. Ye's Medical Records Preserve the Truth was compiled by Ye's great-grandson who adopted the family collection plan. The first volume is mainly miscellaneous diseases; The second book has many warm medical records; The third volume is the case study of Zhong Jingfang. Another master, Zhou Linyi, copied the Unfolded Ye Medical Case and so on. In addition, there are many medical records and writings of the Ye family, such as Jingyue Opera, Ye's Medical Balance, Secret Biography of Medical Principles, Prescription of Medical Skills, Treatment of Gynecological Diseases and so on.
Ye is an outstanding medical scientist in the history of Chinese medical development. The program of syndrome differentiation and treatment of epidemic febrile diseases established by him laid a solid foundation for the formation of theoretical system of epidemic febrile diseases. Many new ideas and prescriptions he put forward for miscellaneous diseases still have important guiding significance and practical value in clinic.
Before Ming and Qing Dynasties, the treatment of exogenous fever was typhoid fever. Since Wu You came out, typhoid and febrile diseases can be clearly distinguished. Unfortunately, he confused epidemic febrile diseases with generalized epidemic febrile diseases, so he only played a leading role in establishing the theoretical system of epidemic febrile diseases. Ye expounded the law of occurrence and development of epidemic febrile diseases for the first time. He clearly pointed out that "pathogenic heat" is the main cause of epidemic febrile diseases, broke through the traditional understanding of "warming cold with latent heat" and completely got rid of the bondage that all epidemic febrile diseases are typhoid fever, thus fundamentally drawing a clear line between epidemic febrile diseases and typhoid fever. Ye accepted Wu Youke's viewpoint that "evil enters from the mouth and nose", and summed up that the way of receiving evil for new febrile diseases is that "warm evil attacks the lung first", and its transmission law is that evil can be transmitted from lung Wei to Yangming or vice versa, which is different from that of typhoid fever according to six meridians. In particular, the theory of "pericardial reverse transmission" is a major breakthrough in understanding the law of febrile diseases and the theory of six meridians in Treatise on Febrile Diseases. According to Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Ruye thinks that delirium is not only caused by dry stool, but more importantly, it is caused by "evil entering the pericardium", so the legislation focuses on cleaning up the camp palace and chooses "three treasures" and rhinoceros. Therefore, its significance lies not only in a major breakthrough in theory, but also in providing a unique way for the treatment of acute and critical febrile diseases and saving the lives of many dying patients. On the basis of comprehensive understanding of epidemic febrile diseases, Ye established a theoretical system of syndrome differentiation and treatment. He pointed out that the pathological changes of epidemic febrile diseases are mainly the pathogenesis changes of epidemic febrile diseases. Their respective syndromes are as follows: (1) Wei-fen pathogenic factors are manifested as lung-Wei syndromes such as fever, slight aversion to wind-cold, no sweat or less sweat, headache, cough, thirst and rapid pulse; Pathogens in qi can be seen in body heat, spontaneous sweating, aversion to cold, aversion to heat, thirst, Huang Gan coating and slippery pulse. When evil spirits enter the camp, they will see restlessness, insomnia at night, looming rash, red tongue and other heat damage the camp yin and disturb the mind; Pathogens in blood can be seen in blood circulation syndrome caused by body heat, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia, macula and crimson tongue. This paper puts forward the transmission and change order law of "defending the gas in the back dialect and nourishing the blood in the back dialect", and based on this, it is established that "defending the sweat is possible" and the treatment should be pungent, cool and thorough; "Only by reaching the gas can you clear the gas", and it is advisable to treat colds and clear the gas; "It's still possible to ventilate heat when entering the camp", which is suitable for clearing the camp and releasing heat. Medicinal uses are "rhinoceros horn, Scrophularia root, antelope horn, etc." ; "If you enter the blood, you are afraid of consuming blood and activating blood, but you must cool blood and disperse blood." It is advisable to cool blood and promote blood circulation, clear away heat and detoxify, and treat febrile diseases with Radix Rehmanniae, Cortex Moutan, Colla Corii Asini and Radix Paeoniae Rubra. It can be seen that Ye's theory of defending qi and nourishing blood is very different from Zhongjing's theory of defending qi and nourishing blood. It explains the pathogenesis of wind-cold exterior syndrome by defending qi and hygiene, and serves as the legislative basis for reconciling defending qi and warming exterior syndrome. It is also a qualitative leap in theory to explain the location and pathogenesis of some diseases with qi and blood.
Ye not only established the syndrome differentiation system of defending qi and nourishing blood, but also enriched and improved the diagnosis methods of warm diseases such as tongue, teeth, white and Pei. It supplements the deficiency that Dongyuan spleen-stomach theory is thinner than spleen and slightly more than stomach. There are also many original opinions and contributions to internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, facial features and nursing. He is also very good at using ancient prescriptions. For example, Cheng Menxue said, "Shi Tian used prescriptions and absorbed the strengths of various schools. He is neither eccentric nor disobedient, but he is particularly familiar with the sacred law of Zhongshi religion. " Many of his therapeutic drugs were sorted out by Wu Jutong and became effective prescriptions for later generations.
Ye's life is not written by himself, but his clinical medical records are concise and clear. "There is no hypocrisy and it can be trusted by future generations." In medical education, Ye has cultivated many famous doctors who have helped the world. Many of his famous sayings reflect his unique experience and profound medical theory, which still have great enlightenment for later research. Ye's theory is regarded as the highest realm of medicine and is highly respected by doctors. After more than 200 years of continuous development, it has formed an important and distinctive medical school-"Ye School", which shines brilliantly in the history of modern medicine. Over the past 100 years, there have been many people who take care of Ye Jia privately. The most famous are Wu Tang, Zhang Nan and Wang Shixiong. Ye Yizhang, Ye's son, and Zhang, his son, are both good doctors, but they are all covered up by their father's reputation. His grandchildren Tang Ye and Ye Jian, and his great-grandson Ye Wanqing all converted to Confucianism. Ye's knowledge can't be passed on to future generations well, but it is widely circulated in the world.
Of course, Yip's, like all the great physicians in history, inevitably has its shortcomings. For example, Ye's title of "walking in the snow" is a shame of Xue's title of "sweeping", and it is inevitable that there will be suspicion of peer jealousy and portal dispute; Ye's academic experience is great, but it is influenced by his thought of "don't let a doctor pass on from generation to generation". Apart from some medical records and a short Treatise on Febrile Diseases, he didn't have any personal works in his life, which led to the loss of many academic thoughts and clinical experiences, while some academic arguments handed down from ancient times were scattered in limited medical records and lacked complete theoretical exposition. Other academic arguments are inconsistent and so on. However, the shortcomings can't hide its huge alcohol. Ye, as a great fever expert in the history of Chinese medical development, integrates internal medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, surgery and five sense organs, and his outstanding medical thoughts, superb medical skills and rich clinical experience are immortal.