Holistic perception quotes

1. Design concept: In this class, through detailed explanation of three example questions, the teacher should analyze the intention of the proposition, introduce the problem-solving ideas, and point out the problem-solving skills, and summarize the general solution to the students. Question rules. Students learn to use problem-solving rules to continuously solve various problems they encounter in the future learning process, and in practice they can also summarize some problem-solving techniques that suit them. So as to achieve the purpose of drawing inferences from one instance.

2. Teaching objectives: 1. Understand the common question types in this test site. 2. Grasp the main content of this test point. 3. Master the general ideas for solving problems. 4. Guide students to master problem-solving skills. 5. Help students summarize problem-solving rules.

3. Key points and difficulties in teaching: 1. Master the general ideas for solving problems. 2. Guide students to master problem-solving skills. 3. Help students summarize problem-solving rules.

4. Teaching process

Classic examples

[Example 1]

A brief discussion on "Be careful of independence"

① In real life, there are often such phenomena: Pay attention to hygiene in front of others, spit and litter when alone; obey traffic laws when there are police, and run red lights when there is no one at the intersection; They are courteous and courteous in the group, but they no longer abide by public ethics once they are in an unfamiliar environment.

② It can be seen from this that it is very necessary for a person to be strict with himself, abide by morality and morality, and abide by "caution in independence" when he is alone without external supervision.

③ "Be careful about independence" is a required course for self-improvement. As early as two thousand years ago, Confucius proposed that "a gentleman should be cautious about independence." The more a person is unsupervised, the more he can strictly demand himself, be cautious, and not do anything unethical and unreasonable, the closer he can be to the ideological realm of self-improvement.

④ "Be cautious about independence" is also the "touchstone" of moral character. "The Book of the Later Han·Yang Zhen Biography" has a story about "ignorance at dusk": When Yang Zhen was appointed as the prefect of Donglai, he passed by Changyi. Wang Mi, who was recommended by him as the magistrate of Changyi, visited him at night and wanted to give him ten pounds of gold. Yang Zhen refused. Wang Mi said: "Muye is ignorant." Yang Zhenyi said sternly: "God knows, God knows, I know, you know, how can you say no one knows!" Wang Mi returned in shame. It was a dark night when no one was around, and they were faced with ten pounds of gold. The moral cultivation of Yang Zhen and Wang Mi became clear.

⑤ "Be cautious about independence" is the "purifier" of social life. Once people lack the spirit of "being cautious about independence", they will lower their moral standards and only care about personal interests while ignoring the interests of others. The scary thing is that once this kind of thinking is "infected", others will also use him as a "model". If everyone follows his example, over time, it will be inevitable that the world will deteriorate.

⑥So, how can we be "cautious about independence"? The key is to work hard on "hidden" and "micro". That is to say, it is the same when no one is present and when someone is present. Don't let any small evil thoughts sprout, so that you can improve your moral character day by day.

⑦ Being cautious about independence is inseparable from strict demands on oneself. During the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei's "Don't do evil because it's small, don't do good because it's small" is the embodiment of prudence, self-discipline and perfect morality.

⑧Wang Shunyou, an ordinary rural postman who moved China in 2005, is a contemporary example of adhering to "prudent independence". He walked more than 260,000 kilometers of lonely postal route alone in 20 years. Despite the harsh living and working conditions, he never delayed a shift, never lost a single piece of mail, and his delivery accuracy was 100%. He said: "It is my responsibility to ensure that the mail is delivered." During the long "Lonely Journey", he set strict requirements for himself. A valuable spiritual wealth.

⑨ "Be cautious about independence" is also inseparable from self-reflection. If a person wants to make progress, he must reflect on himself frequently and seriously. The great scientist Einstein said: "I remind myself hundreds of times every day: My spiritual life and material life depend on the labor of others. I must try my best to repay in the same amount what I have received and what I am still receiving today." Things..."

⑩Wu Jieping, a well-known medical scholar at home and abroad, reflected on himself in this way when he was old: "I myself think that gratifying results were achieved in the ten years from 1950 to 1960. At that time, I He is indeed very diligent, but this does not mean that he has been working tirelessly throughout his life. My perseverance in scientific research is far from enough. In self-examination, there are also places where I am lazy, rely on cleverness, or even know a little.

"Scientists' spirit of diligent reflection and strict self-discipline has set an example for us. "Be cautious about independence" is a shield that can help you resist all kinds of temptations and guard against all kinds of "sugar bombs";" "Be cautious about independence" is a beacon that can help you illuminate the way forward and distinguish right from wrong; "be cautious about independence" is a good medicine that can make your heart clear and your spirit high. Then, let us use "be cautious about independence" to warn ourselves and spur us on. Be honest, be honest, and be a moral person to make our society more civilized and harmonious [2006 Beijing Curriculum Standards Volume A]

1. The central argument of the selected article is. .

2. Can the order of paragraphs ③④⑤ be changed? Please explain the reason.

3. Read paragraphs ⑥-⑨ and complete the structure diagram below. /p>

Liu Bei’s famous sayings about self-discipline

It cannot be separated from strict demands on oneself

（ ③ )

How to be “cautious about independence”→（ ①）

Einstein reminded himself hundreds of times a day

( ② )

Wu Jieping did not forget to reflect on himself when he was old

4. The following three sentences are all from the final paragraph of the selected article. Please choose one of them, relate it to the reality of life, and talk about your insights.

(1) "Be cautious about independence" is a shield that can help you resist. Beware of all kinds of temptations and "sugar bombs"

(2) "Be cautious about independence" is a beacon that can help you illuminate the way forward and distinguish right from wrong;

(3) "Be cautious about independence" is a good medicine that can make your heart clear and your spirit high.

[Analysis] This is a relatively typical argumentative essay with strict structure and standardized language. The first question tests the search and summary of the central argument, which is a typical overall perception question. The second question actually tests the understanding and analysis of the structural level of the article by sorting out the sequence of the paragraphs. The third question tests the analysis of the structure of the full text. The starting point of the fourth question is the combination of "reading" and "thinking", and the key to answering the first question is to understand two questions: the argument. Expression form - judgment sentence; position of argument - some titles are arguments; some arguments are at the beginning of the article; some arguments are at the end of the article; some arguments are in the middle of the article; some arguments are not clear in the article The expression needs to be summarized by oneself. As for this article, we can learn from the reading: "Be careful about independence" is the topic that the author focuses on, and discusses the importance of "being careful about independence". Therefore, the central argument of the whole article is the end of the second natural paragraph. One sentence. The key to answering question 2 is to grasp the connection between context and level. Therefore, it is very important to summarize the level. Through reading, we further understand that the first sentence of these three paragraphs is the entire paragraph. The central sentence. After careful analysis, it is not difficult for us to understand that paragraph 3 starts from a personal perspective, paragraph 4 extends to others, and paragraph 5 rises to society. Suddenly, we feel enlightened and the answer seems to be found, but what? Organizing text and writing satisfactory answers are also issues that every candidate needs to pay special attention to. The key to answering question 3 is to first understand the requirements of the question, and find the answer in paragraphs 6-9. Secondly, see clearly the hierarchical relationship of the question. By analyzing the questions, we can find that questions ①②③ are at three different levels. By reading the paragraphs, we can also find that paragraph ⑥ is the general statement, ⑦⑧⑨ is the separate statement, and ⑦ and ⑨ echo back and forth, and the "also" in ⑨ "The words illustrate this relationship more clearly. Therefore, the answer to question ① should be found in paragraph ⑥, the answer to question ② should be found in paragraph ⑨, and the answer to question ③ should be found in paragraph ⑧. After some thinking like this, doesn’t the answer become clear to you? The key to answering question 4 is to first clarify the meaning of the three sentences in the question: the three sentences are all metaphorical sentences, which vividly describe the importance of "being careful about independence" from three aspects. Secondly, there must be two key points in the answer: first, you must write down the reality of life, and second, you must write down your own feelings. Please contact the reference answer to see if this is what you think?

Reference answers: 1. It is very necessary to strictly abide by "prudence on independence". 2. Cannot be exchanged. (Paragraph ③ discusses the importance of "being cautious about independence" in improving oneself. Paragraph ④ extends to others and discusses the importance of "being cautious in independence" in distinguishing the quality of character. Paragraph ⑤ goes up to society and discusses the importance of "being cautious in independence" in purifying society. importance.

〕These three paragraphs proceed step by step, demonstrating the importance of "being careful about independence" step by step. 3①The key is to work hard on "hidden" and "micro". ②It is inseparable from self-reflection. ③Wang Shunyou strictly demands himself and does his job as a postman to the extreme. 4 Example: The first sentence tells me that I should be "careful of independence" in my study and life, learn good and effective learning methods from my classmates, and correct my own shortcomings and shortcomings. "Be cautious about independence" can brainstorm ideas and reject shortcomings.

[Example 2]

"Plant Panda" - Tetragonum tetragonum Wang Haiyi

① Tetragonium tetragonum, Tribulus terrestris family is a small deciduous shrub , a strong xerophytic plant in steppe desert areas, is a relic of the ancient Mediterranean 140 million years ago. Currently, there are only about 10,000 hectares left. It is listed as a national first-level protected plant. It is called the "Plant Panda" in the world.

②The quadruple tree is 30-50 cm tall and grows in clusters. There are white hairy roots on the root nodes, which are shiny or pubescent. Even-numbered pinnately compound leaves are small, fleshy, round and green, with a layer of white hairs on the surface. It has small white or yellow flowers and the flowering period is from May to June. In the wilderness, its appearance can be regarded as the "beauty" among plants. The fruiting period of Tetrahecia is from July to September. The fruit is a capsule with four deep splits, forming a structure like four small wings. Many sources call it "four-winged oil gourd". Some people also call Sihemu "oil firewood". This plant contains a lot of oil and is highly flammable even when fresh. Local herders like to cut it down and use it as firewood. In recent years, due to the implementation of protection measures, the felling of four-legged trees has disappeared, and the word "oil firewood" has rarely been mentioned. Quartzia is also a long-lived plant. According to DNA testing results, the genetic diversity of Quartzia is close to the average level of 130 species of long-lived perennial plants.

③Wuhai area, the main distribution area of ??tetrapanax, has cold winters, hot summers, and a strong continental climate. The average annual rainfall is only about 150 mm, the groundwater level is very low, and there are few plant species. It is a miracle that it can survive in such harsh conditions to this day.

④ However, this relic plant, which can successfully survive in extremely harsh environments with high temperatures and lack of water and oxygen, has difficulty adapting to environments with sufficient water and oxygen and suitable temperature and sunlight. A. In 1999, the quadruple tree was planted in the Kunming World Expo Garden. When other plants came to this beautiful place where spring is like all year round, they all showed extraordinary vitality. Only the quadruple tree withered!

⑤ B. quadruple tree is one of the few plants that can survive in severe drought areas. It has a very good sand-fixing effect. When sand falls to the area where the quadruple tree grows, it will continue to accumulate under the plant, eventually forming Small hills like small sand dunes are of outstanding significance to desert management in my country.

⑥ There are many reasons why P. aeruginosa has become an endangered plant. Quartzia mainly reproduces by seeds, but on average, normal flowering plants account for only 11% of the total number of plants every year. Due to drought and salinity, seed development and germination are often inhibited, so only 1% of the seeds can mature and reproduce. These characteristics of its own determine that its reproduction and renewal speed are very slow, and the gnawing of sheep and the felling of local residents have led to the continuous reduction of the number of four-legged trees. But compared with the scissor-like mouths of goats and the woodchopping knives of local residents, the construction of a large number of factories has caused far more serious damage to Sihemu. In the early 1990s, the convenient water conservancy, transportation, abundant mineral resources and low land prices in the Sihemu distribution area attracted more and more companies to settle in. Large areas of Sihemu and the land on which they grew were bulldozed and replaced with There are many factories, and these factories pollute the environment seriously. All these have brought devastating damage to the four-legged wood.

⑦ In recent years, the desert has crossed the Yellow River, and Wuhai has become the only way for sandstorms. A series of environmental lessons made Wuhai people realize the great significance of environmental protection. The protection of Sihemu has also become the focus of local ecological restoration and environmental governance. The felling of four-legged trees is prohibited, and manual care is required in the core areas where four-legged trees are concentrated.

⑧In 2002, China's first rare plant protection center of Tetrahexaphylla was established in Shizuishan City, Ningxia, marking the beginning of China's efforts to rescue the "plant giant panda". In 2006, Tetrapanax was successfully artificially propagated in the Ulan Buh sandy area.

⑨In November 2006, 105 tetragonella seedlings settled in the Beijing Botanical Garden. After about one or two years of growth, they will be planted on both sides of the botanical garden's landscape roads and become new landscape plants. Becoming an urban green plant may become a new way for the number of tetrapods to grow and bid farewell to the endangered status quo.

[2007 Jiangxi Provincial Curriculum Standard Volume]

1. This article is titled "'Plant Panda' - Sihemu". What do you think is good about it?

2. Why does tetrapanax become an endangered plant? Please outline why.

3. "The survival of the four-legged tree not only depends on the local environment, but also makes a huge contribution to the environment." This sentence is extracted from the original text. If you want to put it back, it is correct. The position should be among A, B, C and D.

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