1. Classical Chinese essays about self-reliance and self-improvement

Full score composition in classical Chinese and poetic style for the College Entrance Examination: The Song of the Guarding Woman The concubine is sitting in the middle of the room, thinking of the king and looking forward to his return.

The bird chirps on the locust tree, and the five-baht coin flies up. Thirteen years of late autumn, through the winter and summer calendar years.

I look at my hometown every year, and I sit alone at dusk. Wucheng is covered with green grass, and the green tombs are filled with cold.

They have been married since childhood, and the two children have no suspicion. The green plum grows next to the bamboo plant, and the bamboo and horse depend on each other.

① People in Shanxi plant trees and return home from Shandong picking chrysanthemums. Lang's words are not as old as the past, but this is the perennial period.

Under the east fence, people face chrysanthemums. The chrysanthemum has not changed, where will Tao Qian go?

② Entering the king's family at the age of sixteen, the concubine comes from the king's family. Plowing in the southern mountains in the morning, accompanied by the sound of reading at night.

Don’t ask for official status, don’t ask for a prosperous lintel. I just wish that we can stay together forever and never separate.

As the wife of the king, she goes in and out of the gate. To establish the three-fold system and to transform the four virtues.

Take care of the machine at home, and become a monk and care about your home. Nobility is nobility, poverty and lowliness cannot be moved away.

You praise your wife for her virtues, even though she is suffering. We only seek harmony in the family and do not bully each other.

③There are three autumn leaves in the thatched cottage, and four seasons of spring in the deep pavilion. A piece of paper from the imperial court led to the garrison at Zimen.

The miserable grass in front of the door and the barking of dogs outside. The officials suffered nothing, so the old mother knelt down and gave a speech: "There is no man in the family, only this unfortunate person.

If you go away from the garrison, there will be no news when you leave." ④ The officials suffered nothing, and the concubine gave a speech. When the concubine came to her husband, she sobbed before saying, "You and your wife have been apart from each other for a long time."

There are no words to say goodbye, but a few words that you must remember. A word to conquer the hardships of garrison, morning and evening. Looking after each other.

There is no concubine to serve the king, and the clothes and food are sparse. It is not like being at home.

Behind the army, there are fireworks in front of the city. Men must be strong, and don’t think about home.

Men must strengthen themselves and follow the example of the ancients. From now on, the sky and the sea are on different sides, but they are still connected by heart. The autumn geese pass by, and the geese are safe.

⑤ Your journey is delayed, but you only know that I am pregnant.

⑥ Your journey is back. He stamped his feet and resumed walking. He rushed to the front of the king, but he choked and made no sound.

⑦ He held his hands and looked at the tears in his eyes, and said to his husband: "I would like to be the goddess of Hunan and accompany you on the expedition." "⑧ At dusk, when the crows sing, people return to their homes in the depths of the grass. Since then, we have said goodbye, and there is no way to read the music.

I live in Lingnan, and I climb to a high place every year. I look across the Xiangjiang River and across the Lingnan Road. .

The weeds are overgrown, and the deserted roads are deserted. You watch the countryside every night.

The sound of the whistle breaks the hearts of many people. I am also heartbroken.

At this time, there are chrysanthemums everywhere. The flowers are blooming and people are not around.

The person I am talking to is haggard and the flowers are desolate. The two mirror each other, and I am confused and wandering.

I have been looking forward to your return for a long time, but my appearance in the mirror has disappeared.

I have been waiting for you for two years. When I return home, I miss you so much. I sit alone on the balcony at night, and my clothes are already wet.

After three years of looking forward to your return, the concubine of Xiang sheds tears under the bamboo, and the flowers fly from the heart.

⑩ I have been looking forward to your return for four years, and my hair is faintly in my hair.

I have been looking forward to your return for five years. It was my concubine’s tears that were washed away by the green leaves. The mountains are majestic.

I have been waiting for you to return for six years, but the sparrows are silent. The flowers are ruthless and sad, and the flowers are sentimental.

I have not been here for thirteen years, and I have been thinking about your return. After the moon is gone, the moon is deep. I sing with you in garrison, which can be compared to the present.

One song is not finished, but it depends on the ancient and modern people. Notes: ①Li Bai's "Changqianxing": " Lang came riding a bamboo horse and went around the bed to make green plums. "

②Tao Qian's classic quote: "While picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, I could leisurely see Nanshan Mountain. ” ③ “无” means “不”, don’t, and something else.

④ The second poem of Qi Baoyue’s “Taoke Le” in the Southern Dynasties: “Don’t make a bottle fall into a well, and there will be no news when you go away.”

" ⑤ Su Wu shepherded sheep for nineteen years. Later, he tied the book with the goose's feet. When the Han people saw it, they welcomed him back.

See "Han Shu·Li Guang Su Jian Biography". ⑥The first two "steps" are for Noun, meaning "footstep"; the third word "step" is a verb, meaning "birth, coming out" ⑦Liu Yong's "Yulin Ling": "Looking at each other's eyes with tears, they were speechless and choked. . " ⑧Song Yu's "Gaotang Fu": King Chu Xiang and Song Yu traveled to Yunmeng Terrace and looked at the view of Gaotang.

There are clouds on it that change endlessly. Yu said that this gas is morning cloud, and he has The king said that in the past, the late king traveled to Gaotang and took a nap during the day. He dreamed of a woman who claimed to be the daughter of Wushan and wanted to serve the king on the mat.

The king was lucky to have her.

When she left, the daughter of Wushan said: "I live in the sun of Wushan Mountain, blocked by high hills, with morning clouds in the morning and rain in the evening, under the balcony in the morning and evening. " ⑨ It is said that the King of Chu got a bright mirror with a pattern of Luan and Phoenix. One day the phoenix flew up from the mirror and flew around the beam for three days.

Li Shangyin's "Luan and Phoenix": "Where is the Luan in the old mirror, the phoenix is ??not there anymore? Habitat. "Luan mirror: a bronze mirror decorated with a pattern of a Luan bird.

The Luan bird is a sacred bird in ancient legends. According to "Yiyuan", "The Luan bird is sad when it sees its shadow in the mirror. "

Later generations often used luan mirror in their poems to express sadness when facing the mirror. ⑩ Xiangfei Bamboo: It is mottled bamboo, also known as "tear bamboo", with black spots on the stem.

This kind of bamboo grows in Jiuyi Mountain in Hunan. "Zhen Wu Zhi" says: "Yao's two daughters and Shun's second concubines were called 'Mrs. Xiang'. When Shun died, the two concubines cried and swayed with tears, and the bamboo was all stained." "

Brokenheart flower: The name of the flower. There are many red blood spots on it. According to legend, there was a woman in the past who never saw her pregnant woman. She kept shedding tears under the north wall. Grass grew where she shed her back. The flowers were very beautiful. The color is like a woman's face, and its leaves are green but red, so it is called the heart-broken flower. Li Bai's "Ancient Style" No. 18: "In March in Tianjin, Qianmen peach and plum blossoms are called heart-broken flowers in the morning, and the east flowing water flows in the evening. ”

Full score composition in classical Chinese and poetic style for the college entrance examination: A poem in memory of Qu Yuan. It is still remembered that two thousand years ago, Duke Jia passed through Changsha. He felt sorry for his bad fate and pondered, so he wrote this poem. There are people with the same fate and similar fate. Sighing, lamenting that talents are not used and loyal words are not accepted, it is wrong to do what you did.

I was ordered to redo this poem in the examination room during the Dragon Boat Festival. Mr. Diao's spirit whines. Although you have the same surname as the King of Chu, you are close by blood. You have been an official for many generations, and your loyalty to the King of Chu is obvious. However, you are not tolerated by the world, and you are deposed by the king. Finally, he was depressed and sunk in Miluo. Although he was as bright as a star and had talents that shone like the sun and the moon, once he was neglected and no longer used, it would be in vain even if he had a heart for the country of Chu and a mind for the world.

I lament the futility of his emotions. When you rule the world, you should put principle first. However, you believe in treacherous and slanderous words and alienate loyal ministers. King Huai does not need you to attack him, and he will eventually be in trouble and die. The destruction of the country makes the world laugh. I only regret that he does not rely on reason, but acts carelessly based on emotion. Therefore, those who achieve great things in the world must abide by principles and control their emotions. People who do not like others will be evil. To put it bluntly, even though Zhuangzong had the world, he ended up killing himself at the hands of an actor. It was because of his indulgence in personal affairs. If one's property is in chaos, it will be far away from the upright and close to the evil. Although it is already dim like the sun, it is not known that disaster has come. 2. Are there any ancient poems and poems about "self-reliance"?

Going to drink is a title of Yuefu songs before the Tang Dynasty. Most of the content is about drinking and singing. In this poem, Li Bai uses the title to express his anger by drinking. The image vividly expresses Li Bai's rebellious character: on the one hand, he is full of confidence in himself and aloof and arrogant; on the other hand, after the twists and turns in his political future, he reveals his indulgence and enjoyment. The whole poem is heroic, unrestrained, and fluent in language. Strong appeal.

Li Bai's poems about wine can best express his personality. Although this type of poem was written after Chang'an Fanghui, his ideological content is more profound and his artistic expression is more mature. Entering the Wine" is his representative work.

I will enter the wine without you seeing me

Author Li Bai Dynasty Tang Dynasty

If you don't see me, the water of the Yellow River will come up from the sky and rush to the sea. I won't come back.

If you don't see me, the mirror in the high hall will be sad and white, and it will turn into snow in the morning.

If you are happy in life, don't let the golden bottle be empty.

I am destined to be useful, and I will come back after spending all my money.

It is fun to cook sheep and slaughter cattle, and I will have to drink three hundred cups.

Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, is about to drink wine, but don’t stop drinking.

A song with you, please listen to me.

Bells, drums, food and jade are not expensive, but I hope I will never wake up after being drunk for a long time.

In ancient times, all the sages were lonely, but only the drinkers left their names.

In the old days, King Chen had a banquet and had a lot of fun and banquets.

What does the master mean when he has less money? It is up to you to sell it at your discretion.

The five-flowered horse and the golden fur will be exchanged for fine wine, and I will sell the eternal sorrow with you.

Translation

Can't you see the water of the Yellow River rushing from the sky?

The waves roll straight to the East China Sea and never come back.

You haven’t seen those elderly parents lamenting their gray hair in front of the mirror.

The hair that was full of green hair when I was young is now completely white. (It means youth is short-lived)

(So) When you are proud of your life, you should indulge in joy.

Don’t let this golden cup face the bright moon empty without wine.

Everyone’s birth must have its own value and meaning.

Even if a thousand taels of gold (even if) are used up in one swipe, it can still be obtained again.

Let’s cook sheep and slaughter cows for fun.

Drinking three hundred cups at once (today) is not too much!

Master Cen and Dan Qiusheng are born!

Hurry up and have a drink! Don't stop.

Let me sing a song for you,

Please listen carefully to me:

How precious is the luxurious life of eating delicacies from the mountains and seas all day long?

I just want to live in a drunken dream and not want to wake up.

Since ancient times, sages have always been indifferent and lonely.

Only those who know how to drink can leave a good reputation.

Do you know the story of Chen Wang Cao Zhi’s optimistic banquet?

There were thousands of wine fights and boozy drinks, so that the guests and hosts could enjoy themselves.

Master, why do you say I don’t have much money?

Just buy some wine and let us drink together.

Those precious five-flowered horses and expensive fox furs,

Call your son out and let him exchange them for fine wine.

Let us work together to eliminate this endless eternal sorrow! 3. Classical Chinese translation

Original text: Chen Shengzhe, a native of Yangcheng, with the courtesy name She.

Wu Guang was from Yangxia, with the courtesy name Uncle. When Chen She was young, he tried to farm with servants. He stopped farming on the ridge and felt regretful for a long time. He said, "As long as you are rich and noble, you will never forget each other."

The servant smiled and said, "If you work for servants, , how rich and noble is it?" Chen She said in silence, "How can a bird know the ambition of a swan?" In the seventh month of the first year of the Second Emperor's reign, Zuo Shi garrisoned Yuyang, and nine hundred people settled in Daze Township. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang both took the next step and became the village commanders.

It will rain heavily, the roads are blocked, and the time has passed. If the deadline is missed, all laws will be cut off.

Chen Sheng and Wu Guang Naimou said: "If you die now, you will die, if you make great plans, you will die. If you wait for death, how can the country die?" Chen Sheng said: "The world has been suffering from Qin for a long time. I heard that the second generation has a young son. , should not be established, the one who should be established is the young master Fusu.

Fusu remonstrated with the enemy, and sent foreign soldiers to kill him.

The people will kill him. I heard a lot about him, but I didn't know that he was dead. Fu Su and Xiang Yan sing for the world, and there should be more people who respond."

Wu Guang thought so. It’s about divination.

The diviner knew what it meant, and said: "Everything is done with one step, and there is success. But the ghost of divination with just one step!" Chen Sheng and Wu Guangxi thought of the ghost and said, "This will teach me to impress everyone first." "

Nai Dan wrote on silk: "King Chen Sheng" and placed it in the belly of the fish. The soldier bought a fish and cooked it, and found a book in the belly of the fish, so he thought it was strange.

Wu Guang was also ordered to set up a bonfire at night in the Cong Temple next to where Wu Guang was. The fox croaked and shouted, "Great Chu is rising, King Chen Sheng". All the soldiers were frightened at night.

On the first day of the month, the common words for stroke refer to Mu Chen Sheng. Wu Guangsu loved people, and most of his soldiers were servants.

The general was drunk, and Guanggu wanted to kill him. He was angry with the general and ordered him to be humiliated in order to anger the people. Wei Guo whipped Guang.

The captain's sword rises, his sword rises wide, he seizes and kills the captain. Chen Shengzuo killed two lieutenants.

He summoned his disciples and said: "When it rains, all of you have missed the deadline. If you miss the deadline, you should be beheaded. If you don't behead, you will not behead, but the dead will be garrisoned for sixteen or seven."

Moreover, if a strong man does not die, he will be famous. Princes and generals will have a good reputation! "The disciples all said: "I accept the order." They falsely called the young master Fusu and Xiang Yan, just to follow the people's wishes.

Those who favor the right are called Da Chu. They formed an alliance for the altar and offered sacrifices to the captain's head.

Chen Sheng established himself as general and Wu Guang as captain. Attack Daze Township, collect it and attack Qi.

When Qi came down, he ordered Ge Ying, a native of Fuli, to lead his troops to the east of Qi and attack Qi, Feng, Ku, Zhe and Qiao. Let's withdraw our troops.

When compared to Chen, there were six to seven hundred chariots, more than a thousand riders, and tens of thousands of soldiers. When attacking Chen, Chen Shouling was not around, so he only guarded Cheng and Zhan Qiaomen.

If he could not win, the chief minister died, so he moved into Chen. In a few days, he ordered the three elders, heroes and others to come and take care of things.

The three elders and heroes all said: "The general is strong and sharp, he attacks the unjust, punishes the Qin Dynasty, and restores the state of Chu. It is fitting that he should be the king." Chen She was established as the king. The name is Zhang Chu.

At this time, all the prefectures and counties who were harassing the Qin officials punished their chief officials and killed them in response to Chen She. Translation: Chen Sheng is from Yangcheng County, and his surname is She.

Wu Guang is from Yangxia County, and his cousin is Uncle. When Chen Sheng was young, he was hired to cultivate land with others.

(One day,) he stopped farming and walked to the high ground near the fields (to rest). After sighing sadly for a long time, he said to his companions: "Whoever becomes rich one day, don't forget that we are poor. "Brothers." The cave companions answered him with a smile: "You work as cattle and horses for others, how can you be rich?" Chen Sheng sighed and said, "How can Yanque know Hongge's ambition?" Emperor Qin II! In July of the first year, 900 poor civilians were recruited to guard Yuyang and temporarily stationed in Daze Township.

Chen Sheng and Wu Guang were both recruited into this team and served as squad leaders. It was raining heavily and the roads were blocked, so the deadline was probably missed.

If the deadline is missed, according to the military law of the Qin Dynasty, you will be beheaded. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang discussed together and said: "Now running away (being captured) means death, and rising up and rebelling means death. Anyway, they are all dead. It is better to die for the restoration of Chu State. Is this okay?" Chen Sheng said: "All the people in the country will die." I have been oppressed by the Qin Dynasty for a long time and suffered terribly.

I heard that the second son of Qin Shihuang should not be made king. The one who should be made is Prince Fusu.

Because Fusu had repeatedly advised the First Emperor, he was sent to the frontier to lead troops. Recently, it was rumored that the Second Emperor had him killed for no reason.

Most of the people heard about him. He was very wise, but he didn't know that he was dead. When Xiang Yan was the general of Chu, he made many meritorious deeds and loved his soldiers. The people of Chu loved him very much. Some thought he died in the battle, while others thought he had escaped.

Now if we pretend to be Prince Fusu and Xiang Yan’s team and issue a call to the whole country, many people should respond." Wu Guang believes that this view is correct.

(The two of them) went to tell their fortunes. The fortune teller knew their intentions and said: "You can accomplish everything and make achievements.

But you should ask the ghosts and gods!" Chen Sheng and Wu Guang were very happy, and they tried to figure out the meaning of "ask the ghosts and gods", and finally realized: "This is to teach us to establish prestige among everyone first." So they wrote "King Chen Sheng" on the strip with cinnabar. Three words, and then stuffed the silk strip into the belly of a fish that was netted at home. When the soldier bought the fish and cooked it, he found the silk strip in the fish's belly.

(Chen Sheng) ) secretly sent Wu Guang to hide in a Ci Hall surrounded by grass and trees near the station. After dark, he lit a lantern (pretending to be a ghost), pretended to be a fox, and shouted to (soldiers): "The Great Chu is reviving! "Chen Sheng is king." The soldiers were shocked all night long.

The next day, everyone talked about it and pointed at Chen Sheng. Wu Guang was usually very concerned. Most of the people and soldiers around him were willing to help him.

(On that day,) (two) officers were drunk, and Wu Guang deliberately repeatedly proposed to escape, making them angry and asking them to punish him. This angered the soldiers and the crowd, and the officer whipped Wu Guang.

(The soldiers were aggrieved.) The officer (just) drew his sword to threaten (the soldier). Wu Guang jumped up, grabbed the sword and killed him. Chen Sheng assisted Wu Guang and killed two officers together.

Chen Sheng summoned all the garrison soldiers and issued an order, saying: "Everyone encountered heavy rain (here) and exceeded the prescribed time limit for arriving at Yuyang. If you arrive after the time limit, you will be beheaded.

Even if we are lucky enough not to be beheaded, six or seven of the eighty men guarding the frontier will die. Besides, if a man is not dead, he will have to do something great.

Are the princes, generals and ministers born of noble rank?" All the garrison soldiers responded in unison: "I will definitely obey your orders." So they pretended to be the troops of Prince Fusu and Xiang Yan in order to comply with the wishes of the people.

Everyone showed their right arms and called him a rebel. 4. Letter to Ji Di Wei Xi Classical Chinese Translation

Translation of "Letter to Ji Di"

In the year of Xinmao, I have been a guest in Guangdong for more than twenty days. I often think of my brother as an upright person and cautious in doing things, and I hope that you will have a great future. You can probably rely on the "strong, courageous, simple and cautious" mentioned by the sage; but "rigor" is a beautiful character. , but in this regard, my brother became a "sparse" character, then a "褊" character, and then slowly turned into a "arrogant" character.

In the past, I was very strict with you, my brother. In the past five or six years, I have seen that my brother, you have established your ambitions and ethics, and you are very accomplished and impressive. I can see that you are already a complete and independent person. I often want to slowly cultivate my brother's uprightness and proud and self-reliant spirit, so I can't bear to suppress you too much. In addition, I often have the shortcomings of being indecisive and accommodating. My brother, you are always generous and outspoken, and your expression is correct. , corrected my shortcomings, and unknowingly became my respected friend. I will forgive you for any small and occasional mistakes, so that you, my brother, will not hesitate and scruple because of this, and you can be an upright person without any worries. Because of these two points, I am still very lenient in disciplining you now. But what I do is a kind of indulgence, and I really want to go back and talk to you.

When you work with others, you are conscientious and often lack thorough consideration; when encountering difficulties, you never avoid difficulties and dangers, but you cannot think clearly in advance, always thinking that doing so will not harm the big people. in principle. Not paying attention to the details in daily affairs does not seem to cause great harm, but it is often the case that you do something wrong and cause harm to others, which in turn harms yourself. This is what I call "sparse". You hate the evil things in the world and regard them as enemies, which is always reflected in your words and facial expressions. When your relatives and friends make mistakes, you try to persuade them but they still refuse to listen, so you despise that person. When others do not value you, you are always very angry. Stay away from him angrily; if someone else's behavior is not what you want, you will feel resentful and depressed all day long. This is really narrow-minded and must be changed. Some people are mediocre, so you treat them as mediocre people and look down on them; some people are of low status, so you treat them as low-status people and refuse to interact with them; your arrogance always means that you don't want to be humbled by others. Feel a little aggrieved. Therefore, you are always arrogant, bullying and excluding others. If you go on like this for a long time without being vigilant and think highly of yourself and look down upon others, you will gradually make big mistakes. Being careless will lead to bad things, being narrow-minded will lead to being mean, and being arrogant will isolate others and ultimately lead to being isolated by others: these three points are the harm of upright virtue. But after all, these points are based on uprightness. If you can make full use of your strengths and avoid your weaknesses, you will have a unique attainment among people of ancient and modern times. Zixia asked Confucius for advice on filial piety. Confucius said, "The most difficult thing is to be kind (to parents)." The sages believed that "people with true feelings in their hearts will have a smooth and gentle attitude, and people who are smooth and gentle will have a happy complexion. If you have a happy complexion, you will definitely have a gentle appearance." My younger brother is always very respectful and cautious towards his father and elder brother, but why is his docile appearance so rare? Don’t you have happiness and lack of love? Probably you still lack a kind of knowledge to soften your rigid and arrogant character, which makes you want to be humble but cannot be humble. Brother, encourage yourself!

Original text

On the day of Xinmao month, I visited Guangdong for twenty years. Every time I think of my brother, he is meticulous and has a far-sighted outlook. The saint's so-called "resolute and dull" is close to that of a common man. But just for virtue, my brother has become a "sparse" and a "褊", and gradually The word "proud" flows first.

In the past, my supervisor was very strict. In the past five or six years, I have seen my brother's determination and conduct, which has been quite inconsistent.

Whenever I want to nurture my brother's upright spirit, I can't bear to suppress it, and whenever I have a disease that is soft and palliative, my brother can always speak out and correct me, and prevent me from catching up. Gu Rong, so that my brother will not be suspicious and speak frankly. Sitting between these two, the current supervisor is very generous. However, I am just being tolerant, and I want to be my brother and speak freely.

My younger brother and other deacons are also very loyal, and they always lack careful consideration. They do not avoid difficulties and dangers when emergencies arise, and they cannot make plans in advance, thinking that the important matters will not be compromised. There is no big harm if you don't pay attention to all kinds of chores. However, there are many people who will cause trouble and mislead others, and many people will lose yourself because of it. This is what is called sparseness. Hateful and evil are like enemies, and they are always rhetorical; relatives and friends have faults, and they do not listen to their advice, so they treat others poorly; if others underestimate themselves, they will go away; if they act delicately but do not realize their ambitions, they will be depressed, angry, and unable to live forever. This sincerity cannot be ignored. If the person is mediocre, treat him lightly; if the person is vulgar, then treat him with vulgarity; with a steady spirit, he will not be humbled by others. Therefore, he despised his life and stood out among his peers. If you go unpunished for a long time, you will be proud of yourself and things, which will lead to great harm. If a husband is sparse, he will ruin his career; if he is unfaithful, his neighbors will be harsh; if he is arrogant, he will destroy things and ultimately become things; all three are harmful to strong virtue. However, they are all born from the beginning. If you can increase the beauty and eliminate the harm, you will create a great achievement among ancient and modern people. Zi Xia asked about filial piety, and Confucius said: "Look is difficult." Ancient Confucianism believed that "those who have deep love must have harmony, those who have harmony must have pleasant looks, and those who have pleasant looks must have graceful looks." When it comes to my brother, my father and brother are very respectful, but how can I be so graceful and cheerful! How can it be that there is no joy and love? If you don't have the knowledge to transform your strength and calmness, you want to do it but can't do it. My brother is trying to encourage me!

The author Wei Xi (1624~1681) was a prose writer in the Qing Dynasty of my country. The word is Uncle Bing. One word uncle, named Yuzhai. A native of Ningdu (now part of Jiangxi). In the late Ming Dynasty, Zhu Sheng lived in seclusion in Cuiweifeng after the death of the Ming Dynasty. The place where he lived was named Shaoting, and people also called him "Mr. Shaoting". Later, he traveled to the south of the Yangtze River and entered the middle of Zhejiang Province, where he met friends through literature, spread his doctrines of understanding principles, understanding current affairs, respecting integrity and fear of reputation, and made friends with virtuous people in order to recover. His articles mostly praise national integrity and personnel, showing a strong national consciousness. He is also good at commenting on the deeds of the ancients, and has certain insights into the rights and wrongs, successes and failures of the ancients. It is emphasized that when writing articles, we should pay attention to "breeding and accumulating, immersing ourselves in it and not writing lightly." He is good at combining concise narrative and appropriate discussion to achieve fascinating effects. In the early Qing Dynasty, people called Wei Xi, Wang Wan and Hou Fangyu the three masters of prose. Wei Xi's poems are deep and powerful. 5. Translate a classical Chinese article

Zhongni went to the state of Qi and paid an audience with Duke Jing but did not see Yanzi.

Zigong said: Is it okay for people to see the monarch but not to see his rulers? Zhongni said: "I heard that Yanzi served three monarchs and was obedient to them. I doubt his character." After Yanzi heard this, he said: "My family has been a commoner of Qi for generations. It is difficult for me to maintain my character, understand my faults, and stand on my own in Qi."

I have heard that if you are lucky, you will be favored, if you are unlucky, you will be disliked. Being slandered or praised will follow your actions, just like the echo and the sound. It should be seen that Find out how the behavior is and then prepare whether to blame or praise. I have heard that those who serve three monarchs with one mind can obey the monarch; those who serve one monarch with three minds cannot obey the monarch.

Before you see how I behave, you accuse me of obeying the monarch. I have heard that when a gentleman stands alone, he does not feel guilty about his figure; when he sleeps alone, he does not feel guilty about his dream soul.

Confucius practiced rituals under a big tree and left after someone removed the tree. He did not feel that he was humiliated. In the states of Chen and Chu, which were in dire straits due to lack of food, he did not feel that he was poor. Not finding a valid reason for blaming people is like blaming people who live by the water because they think axes are useless, or blaming people who live on mountains because they think fishing nets are useless.

The words came out of his mouth, but he didn't know that he was in trouble because of it. At first I saw Confucians respecting me, but now I see Confucians becoming suspicious. "

After Zhongni heard these words, he said: "There is a saying that if you say something close to you, it will not stop even if it spreads far away; what you do cannot cover up the ears and eyes of others. I discussed Yan Zi privately but did not mention his fault. My sin was inevitable.

I heard that if a gentleman surpasses others, he should regard him as a friend, and if he cannot catch up with others, he should regard him as a teacher. Now I said the wrong thing about his old man.

His old gentleman criticized me, he is my teacher. "Through Zai I went to think of him to apologize, and then Zhongni went to meet Yanzi.

6. Classical Chinese Translation

1. I heard that when the land is vast, the food will be sufficient; when the country is strong, the population will be large; when the weapons are strong, the soldiers will be brave. Therefore, Mount Tai does not abandon any soil, so it can be so tall; rivers and seas do not reject any trickles, so it can be so deep and wide; emperors do not reject any subjects, so they can show their kindness. Therefore, regardless of whether the land is east, west, north or south, and the people do not care about which country, it is full of beauty all year round, and the gods also send blessings. This is the reason why the Five Emperors and Three Emperors are invincible in the world. Now, the people are abandoned to finance the enemy country, and the guest officials are excluded in order to promote other princes, so that the wise men in the world shrink back and dare not come to the west, and stop and are unwilling to enter Qin. This is what is called "lending weapons to the enemy and giving them to the enemy". "Enemy food"!

2. As for Xiang Yu abandoning the land of Guanzhong, missing the Chu State and establishing Pengcheng as the capital, banishing Emperor Yi, and proclaiming himself king, and then complaining that the princes betrayed him, it would be difficult for him to achieve great things. He boasted about his military exploits and tried his best to display his personal wisdom, but he refused to follow the example of the ancients. He believed that the achievements of an overlord were to rely on force to conquer the princes and govern the world. As a result, he finally lost the country in five years and died in Dongcheng, still not awakening and not knowing. It was so wrong to blame myself. And he actually used the words "God wants to destroy me, it is not the fault of the soldiers" to liberate himself. Isn't it ridiculous?