On the cultivation of communication skills of clinical medical students under the new doctor-patient relationship
In the medical process, the doctor-patient relationship is the most important interpersonal concern. The harmony of the doctor-patient relationship is related to the family , social harmony and stability. The following is a sample paper that I, J.L, will share with you about cultivating the communication skills of clinical medical students under the new doctor-patient relationship.
Abstract At present, the doctor-patient relationship in our country is undergoing drastic changes, and the doctor-patient conflict is becoming more and more serious. It is imperative for universities to strengthen the cultivation of medical students' communication skills. Based on the analysis of the importance of cultivating the communication skills of medical students, and the analysis of the reasons for the current situation, we explore effective ways to cultivate the communication skills of medical students in three stages: school, internship, and career.
Keywords medical students; doctor-patient relationship; communication skills
With the shift in the biological-psychological-social medical model, the doctor-patient relationship in our country has also gradually changed, and the doctor-patient contradiction has It is becoming increasingly prominent, medical disputes are emerging one after another, and the doctor-patient relationship is becoming increasingly tense. In recent years, medical disputes have been on the rise across the country, and vicious medical injuries have occurred frequently. Improving the communication skills of medical students is an effective way to enhance mutual trust between doctors and patients, alleviate doctor-patient conflicts, and reduce doctor-patient disputes.
1 The importance of cultivating communication skills for clinical medical students
1.1 The importance of doctor-patient communication
There is a lack of effective communication and equality between doctors and patients , mutual trust and mutual understanding, which breeds doctor-patient conflicts. Relevant studies have shown [1] that the ability of medical students to effectively communicate with patients is a basic prerequisite to help them accurately obtain relevant information required for disease diagnosis during the diagnosis and treatment process and to establish a mutually trusting doctor-patient relationship. Doctors and patients face the enemy of disease together. Only a cooperative relationship of mutual support and cooperation between doctors and patients can more quickly and effectively discover the truth of the disease and provide diagnosis and treatment measures. The lack of effective communication between doctors and patients not only hinders disease diagnosis, but also causes doctors and patients to lose trust and mutual understanding, leading to the gradual deterioration and escalation of doctor-patient conflicts.
1.2 The importance of interpersonal communication skills
The Fukuoka Declaration of the World Federation of Medical Education states: All doctors must learn communication and interpersonal skills. A lack of compassion should be seen as a sign of incompetence, as is a lack of skill. ?Currently, medical schools around the world attach great importance to cultivating medical students’ doctor-patient communication skills. Most medical schools in the United States offer relevant skills courses and focus on cultivating medical students’ doctor-patient communication skills. However, in our country’s medical schools, medical education It has not yet gotten out of the traditional model of focusing on professional education. Medical humanities education is still marginalized, and the cultivation of medical students' humanistic qualities and doctor-patient communication skills has not received enough attention, resulting in medical students' weakened professional beliefs, lack of communication skills, and lack of humanistic care. . Disease diagnosis is not just about the disease, but also about the person. The occurrence of the disease is closely related to the patient's living environment, personality characteristics, occupational background, behavioral habits, etc. If we don't have a deep understanding of the causes behind these diseases, The reason is bound to hinder the accuracy of disease diagnosis. In order to have a deep understanding of the patient's life and background, good and effective communication skills must be used to effectively explore the underlying causes behind the disease. This requires doctors to have good interpersonal communication skills, which can not only effectively guide patients to actively tell the reasons, but also alleviate the suspicion and concerns of patients' family members. In addition, the diagnosis of difficult conditions requires teamwork. For a clinician, it is very necessary to communicate effectively with colleagues, and this requires focusing on cultivating good interpersonal communication skills in medical students.
2 The underlying reasons for the current situation of doctor-patient communication
2.1 The training of medical students
From the perspective of clinical ethics, in the process of clinical diagnosis and decision-making, doctors It is necessary to fully grasp the information about the patient's disease and explore the patient's worries, expectations, life background, family and financial factors. This places higher demands on the training of medical students. It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of medical students' communication skills so that they can effectively guide patients to take the initiative. The ability to talk, the explanation skills to enable patients to fully understand the information, the ability to win a sense of interaction with patients, etc. At present, because medical students are mainly trained in cultural courses during school, most of them are basic professional knowledge in books, which lacks practicality and cannot apply the knowledge in books. This makes students have weak communication skills and are prone to emergencies when facing emergencies. Lack of flexible response capabilities during incidents. In addition, with the continuous development of the bio-psycho-social medical model, patients' awareness of their own rights, awareness of fairness, and demand for humanistic care are constantly improving. This is very important for medical students who have just entered clinical work practice. , how to actively face patients and effectively resolve conflicts is a practical challenge that must be met. Clinical medical students' lack of social practice experience, lack of doctor-patient communication skills, and some medical technical problems are all reasons for the tension in today's doctor-patient relationship. Research shows that medical students currently have common problems such as nervousness and timidity, lack of affinity, and lack of self-confidence in the process of communicating with patients [2]. Therefore, how to enable clinical medical students to apply what they have learned, integrate theory into clinical practice, and cultivate good doctor-patient communication skills has become an important topic in the training of medical students. It is imperative to strengthen the cultivation of medical students' communication skills.
2.2 Popularization of advanced instruments
The popularization of advanced instruments has increasingly simplified the communication process. With the development of economy, society and medical science and technology, various advanced examination equipment have brought great convenience to the medical process and reduced the tedious labor intensity of doctors. However, while bringing convenience to doctors, these cold instruments have also reduced the burden of doctors. Real communication time with the patient dilutes the doctor's professional perspective on psychological treatment of the patient, and most medical history information is obtained through direct communication between the doctor and the patient. For doctors, treating patients must pay attention to the comprehensive personality. Behind the disease are the patient's life, occupation, family, environment and other background factors and underlying causes. It is not obvious. Some patients will have trouble with the medical history that is difficult to talk about. have reservations and are unwilling to disclose to medical staff. Through good communication, doctors can listen carefully to patients' demands, ease patients' alertness, understand patients' pain, build mutual trust, and guide patients to form a positive psychological state, which can contribute to the patient's diagnosis and treatment. Bringing twice the result with twice the result.
2.3 Unreasonable allocation of medical resources
Due to the serious irrational allocation of domestic medical resources, small hospitals are sparse and large hospitals are busy, leaving a gap between busy medical staff and patients. There is no time for effective communication, which leads to distrust and lack of understanding between doctors and patients, and the tense doctor-patient relationship cannot be alleviated. It can be seen that the doctor-patient relationship is becoming increasingly intensified and doctor-patient disputes emerge in endlessly. The reasons are multifaceted. Analyzing the doctor-patient disputes in our country in recent years, 49% are caused by insufficient doctor-patient communication [3]. Such big data further illustrates that rebuilding a harmonious doctor-patient relationship and maintaining a good doctor-patient order should start with effective communication between doctors and patients, reasonably allocate medical resources, and start with the overall environment to improve the current situation of prominent doctor-patient conflicts. .
3 Effective ways to cultivate the communication skills of medical students
3.1 During school
First, infiltrate the study of communication theory into professional courses. As a medical student, it is essential to continuously improve your professional knowledge and professional technical abilities. Only with a strong knowledge base can you be confident in clinical work and increase patients' trust in doctors. However, my country's medical education often neglects the cultivation of medical students' communication skills, resulting in medical students lacking awareness of doctor-patient communication and extremely lacking in doctor-patient communication skills.
According to research, the number of class hours in humanities courses for domestic medical majors accounts for about 8 of the total class hours [4]. Even if some courses are offered, they are not taken seriously by teachers and students because of backward teaching concepts, outdated methods, and lack of reasonable assessment and evaluation. Therefore, colleges and universities should make reasonable curriculum arrangements, reform teaching, strengthen teachers, improve assessment, and invisibly make medical students pay attention to the theoretical study of courses related to doctor-patient communication. Medical schools should strengthen education for medical students at all academic levels, and strive to strengthen the cultivation of medical students' own awareness and ability while building a harmonious doctor-patient relationship. Secondly, doctor-patient role-playing should be incorporated into theoretical learning. During the early theoretical study of doctor-patient communication, students lack practical opportunities and have limited contact with patients. Therefore, during the theoretical learning process, students can simulate the doctor-patient communication process through doctor-patient role-playing to further understand the doctor-patient relationship. It is very necessary for medical humanities course teachers to participate in the organization of teaching. In addition, key clinical teachers, department directors, experts, etc. should be hired to participate in teaching, provide real clinical cases, reproduce scenes in teaching, or invite patients or standardized patients to participate in practical teaching activities , apply theoretical knowledge to scenarios. Through simulation exercises, students can not only apply the theoretical knowledge they have learned to practice in a timely manner, improve their ability to communicate between doctors and patients, put themselves in patients' shoes, and master doctor-patient communication skills.
3.2 During the internship period
During the internship stage, medical students should be guided to enhance their awareness of doctor-patient communication, actively improve their communication skills, and be fully prepared for a smooth transition to clinical doctors. You can carry out more social practice activities as volunteers in the hospital during the winter and summer vacations, get in touch with patients early, and experience the tense working environment of the hospital. You can also join the medical guidance team to increase your contact opportunities with patients and truly understand their needs through communication with them. Medical students should realize through early clinical practice learning that as doctors, in addition to treating patients' diseases as their primary responsibility, they also need to provide patients with psychological comfort and care. Medical students should always remember Trudeau’s famous saying: “Sometimes to heal, often to help, always to comfort”.
3.3 Career Period
The training of medical students requires not only high-level diagnostic and treatment techniques, but also noble professional ethics and full of humanistic sentiments, and the use of superb Improve communication skills, gain full understanding and trust from patients, and reduce the occurrence and intensification of doctor-patient conflicts. Professor Zhong Nanshan once said: "What is lacking among Chinese doctors today is not technology, but medical ethics and the awareness of serving patients." Therefore, a good doctor-patient relationship should start with doctor-patient communication, and good doctor-patient communication should start with humanistic care for patients. Only doctors who have rich humanistic qualities, fully consider the social and psychological needs of patients, and put themselves in the patients' shoes can make the most appropriate diagnosis and treatment decisions [5]. After medical students first enter the workplace, they will be questioned and distrusted by patients and their families because of their young appearance, inability to apply clinical professional knowledge, and insufficient mastery of professional skills such as physical examination. Patients may reject those who have just entered the clinic. Young doctors even appear to be indifferent and dismissive of their inquiries, which has seriously affected the enthusiasm and confidence of medical students in clinical practice. Medical students should adapt to the requirements of society as soon as possible and enter the role of clinicians as soon as possible. They should think about problems from the perspective of patients, master doctor-patient communication skills, communicate with patients patiently, obtain necessary medical history information, and win the trust of patients at the same time. At work, we pay attention to the improvement of comprehensive abilities such as language expression skills, communication skills, and critical thinking skills, strengthen service awareness, be full of humanistic care, be good at listening, answer patiently, share information, actively respond to patients' feelings, and strive to Build a communication platform of equality, humanity, mutual respect, mutual trust and mutual understanding with patients to enhance professional abilities and professional confidence. At work, we pay attention to business training, strengthen professional training in communication skills, and integrate daily clinical practice work experience to gradually improve communication skills.
4 Conclusion
In summary, in the medical process, the doctor-patient relationship is the most important interpersonal concern. The harmony of the doctor-patient relationship is related to the harmony and harmony of the family and society. Stablize.
It is extremely important to resolve doctor-patient conflicts, reduce doctor-patient disputes, and strengthen the cultivation of medical students' communication skills. Medical schools should pay attention to the integration of doctor-patient communication-related courses, enrich teaching methods, cultivate professional skills, and improve medical students' doctor-patient communication skills. Medical students should improve their moral cultivation while solidifying their professional knowledge, and achieve a better doctor-patient relationship with better humanistic care.
References
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[4] Li Kaijun, Cui Rongjun, Hu Jiangping. Problems and countermeasures faced by medical humanities education under the new situation [J]. Medicine and Society, 2013, 26(3): 89-90, 94.
[5] Qiang Wei, Jian Hongjiang, Jiang Weizhe, et al. Doctor-patient relationship under the characteristics of contemporary medical technology [J]. Medicine and Philosophy, 2015, 36(3A): 51-53. ;