From: "The Doctrine of the Mean·Chapter 20" by Zisi during the Warring States Period

Explanation: Loving to learn is close to wisdom, practicing hard is close to benevolence, knowing shame is close to Yu Yong.

Excerpt:

Confucius said, "To learn is close to knowledge; to practice is close to benevolence; to know shame is close to courage."

"If you know these three, you will know why. Cultivate your character. If you know how to cultivate your character, you will know how to govern people. If you know how to govern people, you will know how to govern the world." , to be close to each other, to respect ministers, to support the ministers, to serve the common people, to come to work for hundreds of people, to treat people from far away, and to care about the princes."

Translation:

Confucius. Said: "If you like learning, you will be close to wisdom; if you work hard, you will be close to benevolence; if you know shame, you will be close to courage."

"If you know these three points, you will know how to cultivate yourself. If you know how to cultivate yourself, you will be close to courage." If you know how to govern others, you will know how to govern the world and the country."

"There are nine principles for governing the world and the country: cultivate yourself, respect the wise, love your relatives, and respect your ministers. , care for the ministers, love the people as sons, recruit craftsmen, treat distant guests favorably, and appease the princes." Extended information

"The Doctrine of the Mean" is one of the classic "Four Books" of Confucianism. It was originally Chapter 31 of the Book of Rites. The text was written between the end of the Warring States Period and the Western Han Dynasty. Confucianists in the Song Dynasty highly praised Doctrine of the Mean and extracted it from the Book of Rites into a separate book. Zhu Xi then compiled it into a separate book. Together with "The Analects of Confucius", "Mencius" and "The Great Learning", it is compiled into the "Four Books".

The Doctrine of the Mean refers to the Confucian moral standard, the Doctrine of the Mean, the doctrine of the mean, and the doctrine of the mean. Maintain uprightness and peace in dealing with people and things, and adapt measures to the circumstances of the time, things, events, and local conditions. The theoretical roots of Confucianism originate from human nature.

The theoretical basis of the Golden Mean is the unity of nature and man. Usually people talk about the unity of nature and man mainly from a philosophical point of view. Most of them start from Mencius' "He who exhausts his heart knows his nature; if he knows his nature, he knows the nature" ("Exerting his Heart"), but ignores it. The golden mean of the unity of nature and man ignores the true meaning of the unity of nature and man. "Together with heaven and earth" is the unity of nature and man. This is the true meaning of "The Doctrine of the Mean".

Therefore, "The Doctrine of the Mean" begins with "the destiny is called nature, the will is called Tao, and the practice of Tao is called teaching" and ends with "'The instructions of Heaven are silent and odorless.'" This is the highest state that a saint can reach, and this is the true sense of the unity of nature and man. The unity of heaven and man is a kind and beautiful heaven. The people of unity of nature and man are kind and beautiful people like the kind and beautiful heaven. The unity of nature and man is the achievement of people's conscious cultivation to benefit mankind and the world like the beautiful and kind heaven. natural ideal state.