Explanation methods and their functions:

1. Give examples: Make the article more specific, more convincing, and explain things more objectively.

2. Comparison: Compare concrete things with abstract things so that readers can get a concrete and distinct impression through comparison.

3. Define: Use concise language to prescriptively explain the essential characteristics of a certain concept, which is to accurately reveal the essence of things.

4. Draw diagrams: In order to explain complex things clearly, it is more direct and concrete to use diagrams to explain some things.

5. Interpret: explain a certain characteristic of something from one aspect.

6. Analogy: Use the similarities between two different things for comparison to highlight the characteristics of the things and enhance the image and vividness of the explanation.

7. Describe the description: In order to make the object being explained more vivid and concrete, you can describe the description.

8. Quote materials: In order to make the explanation more substantial and specific, you can quote materials (can be classic works, famous quotes, formulas and laws, allusions and proverbs, etc.).

9. Classification: Divide the objects to be explained into different categories according to certain standards, and explain them one by one.

10. List numbers: In order to make the things to be explained concrete, you can also use the method of listing data (the numbers cited must be accurate and have reliable basis) to facilitate readers' understanding.

Extended information:

The language requirements of expository texts are scientific, rigorous, accurate, truthful, thorough, concise and clear; literary expository texts also require vividness and image sex. Appropriate use of explanation methods can improve the scientific nature and accuracy of explanation language, make the explanation object more specific and vivid, let readers understand more clearly the author's meaning, enhance persuasiveness, and sometimes enhance readers' reading ability. Interest, more prominent theme.

The first is its role in explaining the characteristics and properties of things, the second is the authenticity, rigor, scientificity, and accuracy of the explanation, and the third is the image, vividness, and accuracy of the language.

Clearly explain the object

When reading an explanatory text, whether it is a whole article or a whole paragraph, you must first start from the whole and grasp what the article explains, that is, what is the object of the explanation. . So how to find the target of explanation?

1. Look at the title. Many questions indicate the object of explanation. Such as "Chinese Stone Arch Bridge" and so on.

2. Focus on the first sentence, summary sentence and central sentence. Good expository texts often use this kind of sentences to highlight the things and characteristics to be explained.

Grasp the characteristics of things

The characteristics of things are mainly reflected in their structure (inside and outside), shape (size, length, etc.), properties (hard, soft, cold, hot, etc.), Changes (dynamic, still, fast, slow), causes (simple, complex), functions (wide or narrow, pros and cons), etc.

Generally speaking, the main points to be explained in expository texts are often the characteristics of things. In addition to the key points of the explanation, you must also find out which aspects of the characteristics of things the author introduces, and from what angles.

For example, the article "The Dead Sea is Immortal" focuses on the characteristics of the Dead Sea and explains it from three perspectives: first, the "death" of the Dead Sea (phenomenal characteristics), then the "immortality" of the Dead Sea (essential characteristics), and finally He also talked about the "immortality" and "death" of the Dead Sea (current situation and future development characteristics). In this way, the comprehensive characteristics of the Dead Sea are revealed layer by layer.

For example, the article "Suzhou Gardens" by Ye Shengtao explains it from eight aspects around the general characteristic of "no matter where you stand, there is always a picture in front of you". Five major aspects: the layout of pavilions and pavilions; the coordination of rockeries and ponds; the contrast of flowers, plants and trees; the hierarchy of close and distant views; three small aspects: the beauty of pictures in small corners, the beauty of patterns in doors and windows, and the beauty of colors in buildings. In this way, we can comprehensively grasp the characteristics of Suzhou gardens from different aspects.

Focus on understanding language accuracy

Accuracy is the characteristic of language. To analyze expository language is to see how the words and sentences can accurately describe the characteristics of the thing being explained. Pay attention to analyzing the role of key words.

For example, in the article "March to the Desert", removing "the most" from "The desert is one of the most tenacious natural enemies of mankind" is not enough to explain the seriousness of the desert's harm; removing the nature of "natural" and "enemy" will Not sure; removing "one" makes it absolute. Of course, the vividness of the text should also be paid full attention to.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Explanation Method