One of the most common problems for novices is self-contradiction and hypothetical arguments. Most of the self-contradictions are caused by the debaters' inconsistent thinking, insufficient preparation, or the appearance of "insiders" who like to be unconventional, causing the debaters to disagree with each other. Contradiction, inconsistency, hypothetical argument means that words such as "if...", "maybe...", "hypothesis...", "if...then..." appear in the argumentation process, even during the debate, Also try to avoid, "If you say 'if', the whole of Paris can fit into a bottle." The situation you posit cannot prove anything. Adequate preparation is the key to winning the game. Of course, the process of repeated thinking is extremely painful. Sometimes you are fighting with yourself, and it is easy to feel a split personality. Searching for a lot of information is also very tedious work, but as long as you have patience, There will definitely be gains and improvements. Talking about some experience in the competition is just my humble opinion. I don’t know if it can be helpful. First, the determination of victory or defeat. The judges will generally determine the outcome based on two aspects: argumentation and teamwork (of course I am talking about judges who have more knowledge and experience in debate competitions). In terms of argumentation: whether the point of view is clear, whether the argument is rigorous, whether the proof is strong, whether the argument is sufficient, in a word, whether you have truly proved the correctness of your point of view. Team aspect: Whether the debaters cooperate tacitly, whether the language is clear and fluent, and whether the demeanor is generous and appropriate. Second, debaters. Debates are battles where words are used as weapons. But this does not mean that players can fight without any scruples. That is a quarrel, not a debate. A good debater will be respected by everyone regardless of victory or defeat. This is the personality charm of the debater rather than the ability to quarrel. As a debater, there are some taboos that must be observed: 1-Do not insult or abuse the other party; 2-Do not discuss the other party's privacy. In school debates, everyone usually knows each other, so this situation is easy to happen; 3-Never leave the debate seat; 4- Do not use insulting gestures, such as pointing at the other party with your fingers. This is most likely to happen when novices are debating freely. If you need to point at the other party, you should use a gesture similar to "please", and just put your palms together and extend them toward the other party; 5- Try as much as possible Use Mandarin. In regular debates, dialects will be ignored by both the opponent and the judges except as arguments; 6-Avoid shouting, dancing, spitting and other situations that damage the image. Third, how to conduct free debate. Free debate is the most intense moment of conflict between the two parties. It is often the moment that distinguishes the winner from the loser. It is also the moment when novices are most likely to make mistakes. Let’s focus on this. 1-Stick to your point of view and don’t be led by the other party. As soon as novices enter the free debate stage, the most common mistake they make is to forget their own arguments and let the other party lead them by the nose. Whether it is a free debate, a statement, or a question and answer, the purpose is to prove one's point of view and refute the other's point of view, and the main purpose is to prove one's point of view. We must not forget that once the other party asks questions continuously, we will be at a loss and just deal with the other party's questions. If you ask questions, you will be very passive. 2-Ask questions. Most of the questions in the free debate are prepared in advance. If you think that those exciting questions are the contestants' on-the-spot performance, you are totally wrong. These questions are all fully prepared, carefully considered, and carefully organized before the game. When preparing, you must first try to answer them yourself. If your ability allows, you must also speculate on how the other party may answer, and ask further questions based on the answers. Such questions can be raised by both sides of the debate. If you can't think of it, you haven't found the right path yet. This is determined by the characteristics of the debate topic (both sides are distinguishable). If you ask a question, it will be fine if the other party cannot answer it. You must continue to ask further questions. The party asking the question often takes the initiative. If the other party avoids answering, ask the question again and again, and don’t forget to say, “For the When answering the other party's questions, you should clear the clouds and see the sun without being confused by the other party. After reading the above paragraph, you should have thought that the questions carefully prepared by the other party must be difficult to answer. Excellent questions may even be the basis for the other party's point of view. Once you answer them, you will prove the other party.What to do? First of all, you must remember that "proving your own point of view is the first priority." When answering, try to use your own arguments and arguments. Secondly, you must clear up the clouds and find the root of the problem in the other party's question. Finally, if you find it difficult to answer, Don't get entangled. Just talk to him or her. If the other party asks again, just say, "We have already answered this question very clearly. In view of time constraints, we will not repeat it again. Please ask the other teammate...". Of course, qualified judges will know at a glance that you have lost this round, but in a debate competition, you cannot care about the gains and losses of one city or one village. The final victory is the key. 4-Find the fault. Finding out the opponent's loopholes may be a debater's favorite thing to do. It is endless fun and can often win the audience:) However, a pair of keen ears cannot be developed in a day or two, and requires continuous practice. To give a few common examples, logical errors: the other party's argumentation process is not rigorous and inconsistent. This is a fundamental error, and you need to find out if it is found out, especially if the opponent's players are contradictory to each other. Common sense error: If the other party makes a common sense mistake, you must not let it go. Here is a wonderful example: At the 1993 International College Debate Competition, a contestant from Cambridge University asked the other party to explain, "Singapore President Lee Kuan Yew..." Fudan University Who is Jiang Changjian? He immediately pointed out that "Lee Kuan Yew is the Prime Minister of Singapore, not the President." The audience burst into applause, and the other party was disgraced. Debate competition is a highly technical competition. During the competition, debaters will also use sophistry, subversion of concepts, subversion of ideas, circumstantial remarks, and other methods. It is of course very satisfying to be able to point out the opponent's tricks. . However, these skills are often improvised on the spot. If there is no such team, they would have planned to make excuses before the game. It does not take a day to master these skills. Of course, it is not that easy to find such problems. All in all, by participating in debate competitions and daily practice, debating skills will be significantly improved, and it will also be helpful to one's ability to think and control language. I won’t discuss them one by one here. (I have been writing for more than 2 hours, hot~~~) I suggest you watch more debate competitions, watch the competition videos, and learn the debate methods; you must read the written materials repeatedly to know how the experts prepare and argue. . Finally, a brief analysis of your debate topic: Generally speaking, your debate topic is not very balanced, and you are at a disadvantage because you stand on the opposite side of the mainstream view. First of all, fully understand "achievement". I guess you are current students, so don’t limit your sights to your transcript. Everything a person does can be regarded as an achievement. When an official has done a good job in popular support, this is a merit and of course it is also his achievement. Entrepreneurs drive local economic development, and this is his achievement. Remember, grades – not report cards! Secondly, focus on the difference between the two. Ability is a fictitious thing that cannot be measured. In fact, grades are a reflection of ability, and the two themselves cannot be compared. This is a sign that the person who asked the question is an outsider, and we will ignore him for the time being. Without grades, how can we prove that we are capable? Results are the ultimate destination of ability. What you need to handle more carefully is the definition of the two. These two concepts are easily confused for the reasons mentioned above. According to an example: after a local official took office, he made bold reforms and improved people's livelihood during his term. Bold reform is his ability, and improving people's livelihood is his achievement. Ability contributes to performance, and performance reflects ability. The two actually complement each other. However, as your side, you obviously need to demonstrate that performance is important and that performance is the foothold and final destination. When encountering such a problem, the minimum standard for you is: don’t get yourself involved. The highest standard: get the other person around. Ensure minimum standards first. I really can’t write anymore. If you have any questions, please talk to me individually. Wish you victory.