Why don't you ask me to be negative to the whole world, but to be negative to myself? This sentence comes from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Its original form, right? I would rather be negative than negative! ? Do you see the reflection? Shu Wei? Pei Songzhi quoted Sun Sheng's Miscellaneous Notes in the Ji of Emperor Wudi.
Chen Shou mentioned in the article that after Dong Zhuo came to power, Cao Cao? Change your name and surname and go east? . After this sentence, Pei Songzhi added three materials, namely:
(1) Shu Wei said: Mao will be defeated in the end, so he will not worship and flee to his hometown. I have ridden my old friend Gao Lv Boshe several times; While Bob was away, his son and guests robbed Mao, took horses and things, and Mao killed several people with his hand blade.
(2) The world says: Mao is extravagant. Bo luxury travel, Wu Liuyi is there, preparing for the guest ceremony. Mao killed eight people with his sword in the night.
(3) Miscellaneous Notes of Sun Sheng: Mao heard the sound of his food container and thought that he wanted to save himself, so he killed it at night. Then he said sadly:? I would rather be negative than negative! ? Go ahead.
The Book of Wei quoted by Pei Zhu was not written by Chen Shou. Shu Wei, but an official in the Cao Wei era? National history? (Written in the era of Cao Mao and Cao Huan). Wang Shen, one of the main editors of this book, was originally a retainer of Cao Shuang. After Cao Shuang was killed, he switched to the Sima family and was arranged beside Cao Mao. Xelloss died at the hands of Sima Shi, and the direct fuse was that Wang Shen told Si Mazhao about Xelloss's plan. At that time, people commented on Wang Shen's bad history. Too much time? , often wash white for the worthies and giants.
Shi Yu was written by Shi Yu in Wei and Jin Dynasties and Guo Fa in the Western Jin Dynasty. Guo gave the word "Dragon Palace", but the official history has not been passed on. He made the Xiangyang decree and made a history, which is the official history of the court. According to Pei Songzhi's description, the story of Wei and Jin Dynasties is not a structured history book, but? No court merchants at all? , is about a similar notebook, paragraph font works.
Sun Sheng, the author of Miscellaneous Notes, was from the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He has successively served as Liuyang Order and Changsha Order, and has written many historical books such as Wei Chunqiu, Jinyangqiu, Similarities and Differences, Miscellaneous Words, etc. According to the Book of Jin, he is a good historical figure. He is straightforward and not afraid of powerful people. He was once defeated by Huan Wen, a powerful minister, because he didn't want to take notes. Business? Threaten (family life). As for which book Sun Sheng refers to in Miscellaneous Notes, it is still controversial and inconclusive.
According to the three materials provided by Pei Songzhi, we can make the following three conservative analyses:
(1) Since Cao Wei officially edited Shu Wei, it is hard to deny that Cao Cao killed Lv Boshe's family. But what about the explanation provided in the book? Lv Boshe's son wants to rob Cao Cao with his guests. He wants to take his horse and belongings, but this may not be credible. Is Lv Boshe Cao Cao? Old friends? And keep it at home? Guest? I should be a local celebrity with certain economic strength and social activity energy. Why did Lv Jia rob Cao? Run back to your hometown? Anyone here?
(2) Shu Wei official records that Cao Cao killed the Lv Boshe family, which shows that this matter was quite spreading at that time. For Cao Cao, there is not much glory in actively spreading this matter. One possible explanation is that Lv Boshe is a local celebrity, and Cao Cao killed someone in the home of a local celebrity, which led to this widely circulated and talked about case? * * * event? Lv Boshe's county belongs to Yin, Henan Province, and it is only a place with accessible information. If it doesn't matter, it seems that Shu Wei doesn't need to load it.
(3) Shiyu was written in the Western Jin Dynasty and Miscellaneous Notes in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Compared with Shu Wei, their description of the Lv Boshe incident has one more plot? Cao Cao suspected that the Lu family wanted to arrest themselves and take credit from the imperial court. Without having to prove the truth, he made a move first. This is a reasonable logic, which also shows that Cao Cao killed Lv Boshe because of suspicion. This statement has been circulated in the Western Jin Dynasty at the latest.
In addition to the above three points, there is another place that deserves special attention: Miscellaneous Notes and Shiyu have basically the same description of Cao Cao's killing of Lv Boshe's family, but Miscellaneous Notes contains that famous saying? I would rather be negative than negative! The author of Miscellaneous Notes is, but in Wei Chunqiu, another historical book being written, the person who said this sentence is:
Wei Chunqiu said: (Zheng) Xiao Tong, an aristocratic township official (Cao Mao) as an assistant. He tasted the taste of Sima Wangwen (Si Mazhao). He had a secret place, but he didn't show up. He also went to the toilet and asked: Do you think I am sparse? A: No, King Wen said, I would rather lose your honor than your honor. Then I'll take it. ?
Zheng Xiaotong, an official around Di Wei Cao, went to visit Si Mazhao. Si Mazhao ran to the bathroom, but a secret document was not put away. When he came back, he asked Zheng Xiaotong, Have you seen my secret document? Zheng Xiaotong said: No. Si Mazhao said: I would rather be ungrateful than ungrateful. I would rather kill you by mistake than risk being hurt by your leak. So he killed Zheng Xiaotong with poisoned wine.
Twenty volumes of Wei Chunqiu have been lost. The above records can be found in the notes and quotations made by Prince Zhang Huai in the Tang Dynasty for the Biography of Zheng Xuan in the Later Han Dynasty (Zheng Xiaotong is the grandson of Zheng Xuan).
Intriguingly, this record can also be found in Pei Songzhi's Notes on the History of the Three Kingdoms. Noble country, but there are subtle differences. Pei's suicide note is like this:
"Spring and Autumn Wei" said: Xiao Sima has a secret, but he has no screen. When I go to the toilet, I call: Do you think I am sparse? Yes: No, King Wen hesitated, turned his back on him and died. ?
There is only one kind of Spring and Autumn Annals by Wei. In quoting Prince Zhang Huai, Si Mazhao said? I would rather be negative than negative. This crazy language; In Pei Songzhi's quotation, he only said that Si Mazhao hesitated, but did not record this unscrupulous language. Prince Zhang Huai came from the Tang Dynasty; Although Pei Songzhi was born in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was replaced by the Southern Song Dynasty when commenting on the History of the Three Kingdoms, and neither of them had to take into account Sima's censorship.
So, how to understand this difference?
There are many possibilities. For example, the annotation of Prince Zhang Huai confused Cao Cao and Si Mazhao; For another example, according to Pei Songzhi's Miscellanies of Sun Sheng? I'd rather be negative than negative? The copyright belongs to Cao Cao, so when quoting Wei Chunqiu, it was deleted? I would rather be negative than negative. . But don't deny the authenticity of any historical materials? In the absence of evidence to deny historical materials, it may be the most appropriate way to interpret historical materials by seeking explanations that can accommodate relevant historical materials as much as possible? There can also be such an explanation:
Cao Cao's? I'd rather be negative than negative? Is it the power of the high-level officials in the late Jin Dynasty? Dark quotation marks? ; Si Mazhao? I would rather be negative than negative. This is a variation of this famous saying. Sun Sheng recorded them at the same time, because he thought they were all true. Cao Cao and Si Mazhao are the same kind of people. These two sentences represent the basic views of Wei Jin people on the personal images of Cao Cao and Si Mazhao.