1. Uselessness is the most useful thing

Original text:

Huizi said to Zhuangzi: "The Master said it is useless." Zhuangzi said: "Knowing that it is useless. It can be used with words. The world is not vast and large, and it can only be used by people. But if the toilet is large enough, it will lead to the Yellow Spring. "Huizi said: "It is useless." Zhuangzi said: "But then. It is also clear that what is useless can be used."

Translation

Huizi said to Zhuangzi: "Your words are useless." Zhuangzi said: "You can only talk to him if you know how to use them. It is useful. The earth is vast and big, and people only use a small piece that can be stepped on. If this is the case, then dig out the rest until the underworld. Is it useful to humans?" Huizi said: "Of course it is useless." Zhuangzi said: "In this case, the use of useless things is obvious.

” 2. Contents of "Zhuangzi·Miscellaneous Chapter·Foreign Objects Twenty-six"

External objects are not necessary, so dragons will be killed every time, Bi Gan will be killed, Jizi will be crazy, evil will come to death, Jie and Zhou will die. .Every master wants his ministers to be loyal, but loyalty may not necessarily be believed. Therefore, the soldiers flowed into the river, and Chang Hong died in Shu. He hid his blood and turned into green in three years. All relatives want the filial piety of their sons, but filial piety may not necessarily be true. Love, so filial piety, one's own worries, and one's sorrow. When wood and wood rub together, metal and fire will flow together. If yin and yang go wrong, the heaven and earth will be terrified, so there will be thunder and thunder, and there will be fire in the water, which will burn the big locust tree. I am so worried that I am trapped in two situations and have nowhere to escape. The upper part of the mouth is "Chen" and the lower part is "worm" (the sound is chen2). The mouth (left is "worm" and the right is "Xiang" sound is dun1). If I can't succeed, my heart is like a county between heaven and earth. I comfort you (upper left) "Min" (upper right) "文" (lower "日") sounds min2) Shen Tuen, the interests and dangers are mutually exclusive, and there are many fires. Everyone burns them, but the moon is too strong to overcome the fire, so there is a saying (left "任" right "gui" sounds tui2) However, the road was over. Zhuangzhou's family was poor, so he went to lend millet to the Marquis of Jianhe. The Marquis of Jianhe said, "Promise, I will get the city gold, and I will lend you three hundred gold. Is that okay?" Zhuang Zhou looked angrily and said: "When Zhou came yesterday, someone called out for the middle way. Zhou looked at the ruts and saw there was a carp in it. Zhou asked him, "When the carp comes, who do you think it is?" ’ He said to him: ‘I am a wave official in the East China Sea. How can you survive me even if you have a bucket of water? ’ Zhou said: ‘Nuo, I will travel south to the King of Wu and Yue, and stir up the water of the Xijiang River to welcome his son, is that okay? The fish looked angrily and said: "I have lost what I always had, and I have nowhere to go. I can get a bucketful of water to liven up my ears. You said this, it would have been better to take me to the place where the dead fish is." " Ren The young master used a big hook and a giant frame, fifty mouths (the character for "thing" is replaced by "harm" in the word "wu" jie4) as bait. He squatted in Kuaiji and cast his pole into the East China Sea. He fished every day, but no fish came out every year. He was so big. The fish eats it, pulls a huge hook, sinks and goes down, raises and raises the mouth ("髟" on the top, "瀆" on the bottom), the white waves are like mountains, the sea water is shaking, the sound is chattering to ghosts and gods, and it is feared for thousands of miles. If the young master is like a fish, he will leave. As for Lazhi, to the east of the Zhuji River, Cangwu has already gone to the north, and everyone is as tired as a fish. The people who have been ridiculed by the later generations are all frightened and tell each other. It's hard to get a big fish! It's far away from Dada to pretend to be a county magistrate. So it's far away from the world because I haven't heard of Ren's customs! ” At the tomb, the great Confucian scholar Chu Chuan said: “It was done in the East, what happened? "Xiao Ru said: "If you don't untie your skirt, there are pearls in your mouth." "The "Poetry" inherently says: "Green wheat is born in Lingpi. If you don't give alms in life, how can you hold pearls in your death?" 'Take his temples and press his lips (the left "sui" and the right "page" are pronounced hui4), Confucianism controls his temples with golden vertebrae, Xu parts his cheeks, there are no wounds in the pearl." Lao Laizi's disciples paid salary, met Zhong The nun, in turn, complained, saying: "There is someone there who cultivates upwards and then goes downwards. His head is hunched and his ears are back. He looks as if he is surrounded by the sea. I don't know whose son he is." Lao Laizi said: "This is Qiu. I summoned him. "Zhongni arrived and said: "Qiu, go and bow down and show your face to me, you are a gentleman." Zhongni bowed and retreated, frowned and changed his face and asked: "Can I make progress in my career? "Lao Laizi said: "I can't bear the pain of one life, but I can deal with the troubles of all generations. How can I suppress evil? Is it too easy to kill him? Benefit with joy, escape the ugliness of a lifetime, and the conduct of the people will be easy to advance! To introduce each other by name, to combine each other with concealment. Instead of praising Yao instead of Jie, it is better to forget both and close the praise. It is nothing more than injury, and it is nothing more than evil. The sage hesitates to promote things, and every time he succeeds, what's the matter? The end of this journey will end with you! " In the middle of the night, Emperor Yuan of the Song Dynasty dreamed of seeing a man peeking at Amen, saying: "I will take over the abyss of the road, and I will make it a place for the river envoys of Qingjiang. The fishermen will be able to get the rest." Emperor Yuan felt it, and asked people to occupy it, saying: " This is a magical turtle." The king said, "Is there any fishermen left? "The left and right people said: "Yes." The king said: "Let me go to court." Tomorrow, I will go to court. The king said: "Where can I catch fish? He said to him, "I found a white turtle in my net, and the skip was five feet round." The king said, "I offer you the turtle." When the turtle came, you wanted to kill it again, and then you wanted to live it. You were suspicious, so you asked for divination. : "Kill the tortoise to predict good luck." He cut the tortoise and drilled seventy-two holes without leaving any holes ("bamboo" on the top and "clip" on the bottom). Zhongni said: "The divine tortoise can see the dream of Yuanjun, but it cannot avoid the rest. The net can be drilled seventy-two times without leaving anything behind, but it cannot avoid the trouble of gutting. If it is so, it means that it is trapped, and the gods are not able to catch up. Even if there is perfect knowledge, thousands of people will try to catch it. The fish is not afraid of the net but is afraid of the pelican. . Get rid of the small knowledge and become the great master of understanding, get rid of the good and become good at yourself. When a baby is born, it can speak without a master, and it is the same as those who can speak." Huizi said to Zhuangzi, "Speaking is useless." Zhuangzi said, "Knowing is useless. Then it can be used in words. My land is not only vast but also huge.

A person's toilet can accommodate his ears, but if the toilet is full and the pad is used to cause death, is it still useful for people? Huizi said: "It is useless." Zhuangzi said: "But it is also clear that uselessness is useful." Zhuangzi said: "People can swim, but how can they not swim?" People can't swim, but they can swim! The husband's ambition to escape and his decisive action, well, this is not the result of the most knowledgeable and virtuous man! They overturn without turning back, and the fire rushes without caring. Although they are kings and ministers, the times are changing, and there is no way to be contemptuous of each other. Therefore, it is said: The best people leave no trace. A husband respects the past but despises the present, which is what scholars are like. Let’s look at the current world from the perspective of Webster’s ilk (left “犭” and right “xi”), who can resist the waves! Only a perfect person can travel in the world without being secluded, obey others without losing oneself. He will not learn what he teaches, and he will not follow what he means. His eyes will be clear, his ears will be clear, his nose will be trembling, his mouth will be sweet, and his heart will be clear. To be thorough is to know, and to be thorough is to be virtuous. If you don't want to be blocked in the way, if you are blocked, you will be choked. If the choke is not stopped, you will be choked (the word "diagnosis" is replaced by "诠" in the pronunciation of "蠠" zhen3), zhen3 will harm all living beings. The existence of things Those who know rely on their breath. If they are not Yin, it is not the fault of Heaven. If Heaven penetrates it and does not descend day and night, people will block their sinuses. If the cells are heavy and the heart is wandering, if the room is not empty, then the woman and the aunt will become pregnant ( The sound of "xi" on the left ("xi") and "gu" on the right xi1); if the mind is not wandering, the six chisels will fight against each other. The people in Dalinqiushan are good at people, and they are also gods. Virtue is overflowing with fame, fame is overflowing with violence, and conspiracy is ridiculous ( The left "yan" and the right "string" sound xian2), knowledge comes from fighting, firewood comes from keeping, and the official results are due to everyone. When it rains in spring, the grass and trees grow angrily, and the sound of "哓囗" (left "gold" and right "humiliation" sounds nou4) So I started to practice, and more than half of the plants and trees were overplanted without knowing it. Silence can heal the disease, and the 眦囗 (the traditional Chinese character for "MI" uses "女" instead of "氵" in the sound mie4) can stop old age, and Ning can stop the rapid growth. Although, if it is the work of a laborer, it is not something that a lost person has not tasted yet and asks why; the reason why the sage astounds the world is because the gods and men have not tasted it and yet asks; , the sage asks before he has tasted it; the villain is in good time, and the gentleman asks after he has not tasted it. There is a relative in the Yan family who has died, and he is an official who is good at destroying the title, and half of his party members are destroyed. Yao and Xu leave the world, Xu He fled; Tang and Wuguang, Wuguang was angry; when he heard about it, he commanded his disciples and squatted in the water, and the princes hung him up. Three years later, Shentu Di Yin Use 嗗 (the word "compensation" uses "zu" to replace the sound of "贝" bo2.

3. Read the following text and complete the small questions

Small question 1: B

Question 2: C

Question 3: Answer: This medicine can prevent hands from freezing and cracking. Some people get rewards for relying on it, and some people have to rinse the cotton wool. It's just that the place where it is used is different. Answer: The big tree will not be chopped down by axes, and nothing will harm it. Although it is of no use, what hardship will there be?

Question analysis:

Question 1: Item A, "Yi", ① preposition, use; ② preposition, "because". Item B, "er", are all conjunctions of succession C. Item, "zhi", ① particle, of; ② pronoun, refers to this type of person. D item, "its", ① pronoun, refers to the acanthus tree; ② indicates a choice question, or.

Question analysis:

Question 2: Item C, "I hope Zhuangzi can accept Confucian views" is wrong, the article does not discuss Confucian doctrines

Question analysis:

Question 3: When translating these two sentences, pay attention to the meaning of the important content words: "一" means the same; "Feng" means to be granted an official position;

"Use", pay attention to the sentence structure. : "Not a catty axe" will not lead to a premature death because of a "catty axe". "Ansuo hardship" is where the hardship lies. 4. It is a great thing, "Huizi said in Zhuangzi"

Huizi said to Zhuangzi: "The king of Wei gave me the seeds of a big gourd, and I planted them, and they produced fruit as big as five stones.

Use a big gourd to hold water, but it can’t stand the pressure of the water; cut it into pieces to make a gourd, but it’s too big to fit anywhere. The gourd was really of no use, so I smashed it. "

Zhuangzi said: "Sir, you really don't know how to use big tools. There was a family in the Song Dynasty that specialized in preparing medicine to treat chapped hands and feet. They had made a living by rinsing silk cotton for generations and could only earn very little money.

Someone heard about this drug and wanted to pay a high price for their secret recipe. The whole family discussed together: "We can only earn a few dollars by washing silk and cotton in the river year after year. Now, we can earn more than a hundred times with a prescription, so why not sell it to him?"

’The man got the prescription and came to the state of Wu. It happened that the State of Yue was attacking the State of Wu, and the King of Wu sent him to lead his army to fight.

It was winter, and the two armies were fighting on the water. The soldiers' hands were easily chapped, so the man gave them the prepared medicine. As a result, the state of Wu defeated the state of Yue. King Wu rewarded the man with a large fiefdom.

For the same prescription, some people use it to receive rewards, while others can only rely on it to wash silk and cotton in the river. This is the difference in usage. Now, you have such a big gourd, why don't you want to use it to make a big boat and float on the river, but are you worried that it is too big and has nowhere to accommodate it? It seems you are still not smart enough. "

Huizi said again: "I also have a big tree called Ao. The trunk of the tree is gnarled and cannot be used to make straight materials; the branches are crooked and cannot be used to make square materials.

Although it grows on the roadside, the carpenters ignore it. What you say now is useless and will be despised by people.

Zhuangzi said: "Sir, have you never seen wild cats and weasels?" They crawl on the ground, waiting for small animals to come out of their holes to look for food or play; they jump up and down, high and low; they accidentally fall into the hunter's trap and die in the net. There is also the Man Niu, which is as big as a cloud and has great abilities, but it cannot catch mice.

Now, you have such a big tree, but you are worried that it is useless. Why not plant it in the endless wilderness, and you can walk or lie down under the tree leisurely. That big tree will not be cut down by others or will be harmed in any way.

Although it is of no use, it will not cause any pain. 5. Huizi said to Zhuangzi: "The king of Wei gave me the seeds of a big gourd.

Huizi said to Zhuangzi: "The king of Wei gave me the seeds of a big gourd. After I cultivated it, it produced five fruits. The volume of stone. A big gourd is used to hold the water slurry, but it is not strong enough to withstand the pressure of the water. It is too big to be cut open to make a scoop, and there is no place to put it. This gourd is not not big, because I It has no use, so I smashed it." Zhuangzi said: "Sir is really not good at using big things! There was a family in the Song Dynasty who was good at making medicine that did not burn hands. For generations, he made a profession of rinsing silk wadding. There was a tourist. After hearing about this, he was willing to pay a high price of a hundred gold for his prescription. The whole family gathered together to discuss: 'We have been rinsing silk wadding in the river for generations, and the income is only a few gold, but now we can sell it for a hundred gold. Gold. It's better to sell him the prescription." The tourist got the prescription and came to persuade the King of Wu. It happened that the Yue Kingdom was in trouble, and the King of Wu sent him to lead the troops. He fought with the Vietnamese army on the water in the winter, and defeated the Vietnamese army. The King of Wu divided the land. Give him a reward. It can prevent hands from getting chapped. The prescription is the same. Some people use it to get the reward, while some people can only rely on it to rinse silk wadding in water. This is because the method used is different. Now you have a volume of five stones. "Why don't you consider using it to make a waist boat and float it on the rivers and lakes, but you are worried that the gourd is too big and there is nowhere to accommodate it?" It seems that you still don't understand!"