"Lu Zhonglian is the same as Qi. Curious about the great painting strategy. " Zhang Shoujie's "Justice in Historical Records" quoted Lu Zhonglian as saying: "Qi debater Tian Ba, serving the sniper hill, discussing the millet, destroying the five emperors, sinning three kings, serving five uncles, leaving the firm white, and the contract is different, serving thousands of people in one day. A disciple of Xu Robber, Lu Zhonglian, was 12 years old, and went to ask Tian Ba, saying,' I am not tired in class, grass is not flourishing in the countryside, and before the white blade is handed over, I am in a hurry to save the arrow. Today, the Chu army is in Nanyang, Zhao is attacking Gaotang, and the Yan people are 1 thousand. If Liaocheng doesn't go, the country will die. What can you do? If you can't, Mr. Yuan's words sound like owls, and people hate them when they go out of town. Don't repeat them. " Tian ba said,' I'd like to hear about my life.' Ba said to Xu Jie,' Mr. Wang is a flying rabbit, so he can't be straight!' Never talk about it for life. ”。
Tian Ba was impressed by Lu Zhonglian and praised Lu Zhonglian as not only a "swift horse", but also a "flying rabbit". It seems that this "flying rabbit" is undoubtedly much more powerful than the "swift horse". Here, the "flying rabbit" is compared with the "swift horse", which should be a horse. This possibility is very great, but it is still not absolutely certain. The author finally got a piece of information from Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, which finally confirmed the basic conclusion that "flying rabbit" is a fine horse:
Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals deviates from the customs: "flying rabbit, to be dead, is also a fine horse in ancient times." Gao You's note: "Flying rabbits, trying to kill, are all horses' names. If you travel to Wan Li every day, you will fly like a rabbit, because you think it's famous." ;
Ying Yang's "Chi She Fu" says: "The cages of a group of warriors are velvet at the head of the scale, and the salty ones are all waist-heavy and flying." ;
Chen Lin's Notes to the King of Dong 'a: "Like flying rabbits and meteors, you can cross the mountains and the sea." Li Zhouhan's note: "Flying rabbits, meteors, and gods."
In addition, it is also said in Fu Ruizhi, Book of the Song Dynasty: "The flying dodder is also known as the god horse, and it will travel to Wan Li three times a day." This "flying tu" is undoubtedly a "flying rabbit". I know that "rabbit" is "horse", but the key is why it is named "rabbit"? Just because "flying like a rabbit" makes you "famous"? Are there any other origins between horses and rabbits? The answer is yes, and it has a deep relationship. There is a detailed explanation in the first section of Chapter 9 "Agronomy in the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" in the History of Science and Technology in China, because there are not many related texts for reference, so the following paragraphs are quoted:
In terms of professional agricultural books, the most recorded ones are xiangshu and animal husbandry. The "Form and Method Category" of Hanshu Yiwenzhi includes Thirty-eight Volumes of Six Livestock. Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Shu, Xia Houxuan, quoted Xiang Yin Shu as saying that "Xiang Yin Fa" originated from Han Dynasty. ..... There are eagle classics, ox classics and horse classics. " Shi Shuo Xin Yu Bao pian quoted Xiang Niu Jing, and Zhang Jingyang's annotation of Seven Lives in Selected Works also quoted Xiang Ma Jing. There is a volume of Xiang Ma Jing in the five elements of Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi. The original note says: "Liang has a Bo Le Xiang Ma Jing, Quezhong bronze horse method, Zhou Muwang Ba Ma Tu, Qi Hou doctor Ning Qi Xiang Niu Jing, Wang Liang Xiang Niu Jing, Gao Tanglong Xiang Niu Jing, Huainan Eight Gong Xiang Yu Jing, Fuqiu Gong Xiang He Shu, Xiang Ya Jing, Xiang Ji Jing. But even so, there must be more than one kind of animal-writing books, including similar horse-writing books and ox-writing books, circulating in Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Because the Classic of Horse mentioned in Xiangyin Book and the Classic of Horse in Bole Xiangji Book have been lost, it is difficult to verify whether they are different books with the same name or two different books. Most people think that the part of Xiang Ma in Qi Min Yao Shu retains their basic contents, so they regard it as the ancient Xiang Ma Jing. However, in the 197s, the silk book Xiangma Jing was found in Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, which is quite different from Qi Min Yao Shu and this edition of Xiangma Jing. The full text is about 5,2 words. Judging from its similar prose style and references to Nanshan, Hanshui and Jiangshui, some scholars speculate that it is the work of Chu people during the Warring States Period. The main part of the full text only talks about the eyes, eyelashes and brow bones of Xiangma, which may not be the whole of Xiangma Jing. But only from the existing part, it also includes many wonderful contents. It summarizes the essentials of the horse-phase method as follows: "Get rabbits and foxes, birds and fish, and get these four things, without the rest." Specifically, it is: "I want to get the head and shoulders of rabbits, the grass around foxes and their ears, their bellies, the birds' eyes and their necks, and the fins of fish." Vivid and concise. The discovery of the silk book "Xiang Ma Jing" once again shows the rich contents of China ancient animal husbandry (original note: the silk book sorting group of Mawangdui Han Tomb, the interpretation of the silk book "Xiang Ma Jing" of Mawangdui Han Tomb, cultural relics, 1977, 8; Xie Chengxia, Discussion on the Silk Book Xiang Ma Jing of Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Cultural Relics, 1977, 8. ）。 -(See History of Science and Technology in China Agronomy, edited by Dong Kaichen and Fan Chuyu, pp. 193-194, Science Press, June 2. )
It can be seen that at least in the Warring States period in China, the experience and knowledge of Xiangma have been very mature and have been widely applied and summarized, and Xiangma Jing is proof. The famous saying "There is Bole in the world and then there is a swift horse" is well known. In ancient times (not only in China), horses played an extremely important role. They played an irreplaceable role in war, transportation, farming and daily life, and were our important friends and partners. So our ancestors had a rational summary of horses based on rich practical experience-The Horse Classic or The Horse Classic. The "rabbit" is the image expression of a good horse after the scientific induction and summary of its body shape and shape. It means that a good horse should have the physical characteristics of a rabbit in its head and shoulders, otherwise it may fall into the ordinary. Comrade Wang Shujin of Hunan Provincial Museum once wrote the Silk Book of Mawangdui Han Tomb < Xiangma Jing > There is a similar explanation in the article "Research Summary", because the content of this article's comments on Xiangma Jing can be cross-referenced with the discussion on Xiangma Jing in the China History of Science and Technology Agronomy Volume quoted above, and it is also extracted as follows:
"The silk book Xiangma Jing * * * has 77 lines and 5,2 words, of which 5 words are incomplete. Because there is no comparable modern edition of this ancient book that can be checked correctly, most of it is not found in the "Xiangma Jing" handed down from generation to generation, so we can't fully understand some contents. However, in the first article, it was written that "Bo Le is the horse of a gentleman", and the words "Fa Yue" and "I ask you to explain" were used repeatedly, indicating that this book was written by inheriting, absorbing and exerting the achievements of Bo Le Xiang Ma Jing, not the original book of Bo Le Xiang Ma Jing. This "Xiang Ma Jing" includes three parts: classics, biography and old advice. The scripture part, written in four-character verse, is similar to describing poetry or fu. Judging from the language of writing, many experts think it may be written by Chu people in the Warring States period. The content focuses on the horse from the head, and thinks that it is a good horse with big eyes. It summarizes the essentials of the horse-phase method as follows: "Get rabbits and foxes, birds and fish, get these four things, and don't phase the rest." Concise and vivid. The unearthed silk book Xiang Ma Jing shows the rich connotation of Bo Le Xiang Ma Jing, and also proves the important position of Bo Le Xiang Ma Jing as the earliest monograph on Xiang Ma in China. ......
Mr. Zhang Jun thinks that silk book is actually a copy of classics and biography. If this lost essay on Xiang Ma was copied in the early Western Han Dynasty and written in the late Warring States Period, then Xiang Ma Jing should be written in the middle of the Warring States Period at the latest. Some words in silk books can also be found in the writings of pre-Qin philosophers. The key point of silk book extraction should be the preference of the owner of tomb No.3. Only from the "eye contact" extracted from the silk script, we can see how meticulous the Chu people's observation of horses is. The deepest imprint of Chu culture in silk books is that no matter which part of Xiangma, the important point is to distinguish between "being good at walking" and "not walking". The horse sutra and biography contained in silk books all seek for a horse of a thousand miles, which is consistent with the Chu people's ethos of being quick and fast. The silk book Xiang Ma Jing should be the crystallization of Chu people's rich experience in raising horses. (Original Note: Zhang Jun: A Preliminary Study on Raising Horses in Chu State, Journal of Tracing North University, No.3, Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition, 1988) "
Needless to say, the so-called head-and-shoulder rabbit-shaped good horse in biological morphology is what we know as the" red rabbit horse ". "Red" is to describe its coat color, and the so-called "red and brown spirited horse" roughly belongs to this category. From the poem Mulan Poetry, we can also see the close relationship between Mulan and horses. The poem says, "Buy horses in the east market, saddles in the west market, bridles in the south market and whips in the north market". This is definitely about horses. What does it have to do with rabbits? In addition, Mulan Jinge Iron Horse has fought in the battlefield for ten years ("A general dies in hundreds of battles, a strong man returns in ten years"), and her feelings for life and death with the war horse can be imagined, and her familiarity with its mount is self-evident. What does all this have to do with rabbits? If it doesn't matter, isn't the rabbit too abrupt and a little puzzling at the end of the poem? In ancient ci-fu, the final ending of an article is usually called "Luanyue", which plays an important role, and it is related to the continuity of literary style and the summary of the purpose of the article. If people misunderstand the exegesis of famous things, it will often be a mistake for thousands of years, and the relationship of "cultural fatigue" will lead to more cultural misuse and misunderstanding of the manufacture of derivatives in later generations, which will eventually become a fact and never come again. This is a very regrettable thing.
if you don't talk nonsense, the wild horse will have to be brought back. At this point, we can confirm that the so-called "double rabbits" in Mulan Poetry are two good horses. But there's still a problem that hasn't been solved-why do you say, "When two rabbits walk beside the ground, can Ann tell whether I'm a male or a female?" And? As I said just now, since this technique of horse-gazing has a long history and rich knowledge in ancient China, how can it be different for those who know the technique of horse-gazing? We can make a rhetorical judgment here. This "male and female" refers not to gender, but to "showdown". Historical Records of Xiang Yu's Biography: "Xiang Wang called Hanwang, saying,' People of several years old in Hungary all over the world, only with our ears, originally challenged Hanwang to fight it out' is proof. This is in line with the well-known folk song of the Northern Dynasty, "An athlete must be a fast horse, and a fast horse must be an athlete. ? Under the yellow dust, then don't be male or female. " ("Yuefu Poetry Collection, Lianggujiao Cross Blowing Song, Zheyangliu Songs") all mean to compete and win. It is normal for young people to be brave and try to be brave, and there are many ways to compete for victory, among which "horse racing" is the most common and oldest competitive event. The so-called "two rabbits walking beside the ground" in Mulan Poetry refers to horse racing or horse racing. We found an excellent example here. Cao Zhi's "Famous Cities":
There are many enchantresses in famous cities, and Jingluo is a teenager. The sword is a thousand dollars, and the clothes are beautiful and fresh.
cockfighting is a long walk in the eastern suburbs. When I was on my way there, a pair of rabbits jumped up to the front.
Take the bow and ring the cymbals, and drive up Nanshan. My left hand a bow, the right hand hair arrow, only one arrow shot the double rabbit.
before Yu Qiao showed up, she raised her hand to catch the kite. Watching the H unt's pedestrians cheered in chorus, and the nearby archer was impressed by me.
when you come back, you can have a good dinner and a good drink. The carp is a fetus, and the turtle is roasted with bears.
singing and whistling, couples sit in rows and have a long feast. Cuju and Jirang are busy, agility and renovation.
it's an unattainable sight to run southwest in the daytime. After the feast, we rush out like clouds, tomorrow morning again to enjoy the fun!
In this poem, the phrase "riding a horse for a long time" clearly tells us that it is a teenager who "rides a horse" to win, that is, horse racing. And this poem is followed by saying: "The gallop is not half, and the two rabbits pass me." Tell us bluntly: "In the process of galloping, the opponent quickly surpassed me." And there are at least two opponents in this "running horse", and the two horses that have gone beyond me-"Double Rabbit"-are absolutely extraordinary, and they are good horses. In this way, there are many witches in the world, and Jingluo is a teenager. The sword is a thousand dollars, and the clothes are beautiful and fresh. " The description is commensurate, and it is extremely extravagant. Here, Mr. Yu Guanying also inevitably made a small mistake. He regarded the "double rabbits" in this poem as two "rabbits", and then "the left arm is tied with the right hair, and one vertical is connected with two birds." As a result, the "double rabbit" was shot, and then, in order to bridge the contradiction that the rabbit was an "animal" rather than a "bird", the "bird" was expanded and explained, saying: "Two birds refer to double rabbits, and all the birds and animals hunted are called birds" (see Yu Guanying's Notes on Selected Poems of Yuefu. Therefore, such a misunderstanding has been followed to the present and I am convinced. In fact, the first half of this poem is obviously about "Jingluo Teenagers" galloping when hunting in the field, showing their bow and arrow shooting skills at once, and finally the hero "I" is better, bowing and archery and killing two birds with one stone (the left bow is for the right hair, and one vertical one is for two birds). That's not enough. Before the prey landed, the author rode suddenly and caught the "flying kite" with his hand up, which was really amazing. Here again, it is obvious that the prey is the "flying kite", and this "flying kite" is obviously the "two birds" mentioned earlier. At this point, let's go back to the last two sentences of Mulan Poetry: "When two rabbits walk beside the ground, can Ann tell whether I am a male or a female?" You don't need to think about it carefully to know that these "double rabbits" are two good horses, and "walking beside the ground" means "walking on a horse", that is, riding horses and racing horses. In the competition, each has its own advantages, and when the outcome of this showdown is undecided, the so-called "male and female" is not easy to judge (this "male and female" is a pun)! It is in response to the classic lyrics in Mulan, a Henan opera: "This woman is not as good as a boy!"
There is another evidence. Cao Pi, the Wei Wendi, said in his masterpiece Dian Lun Papers: "Today's literati: Kong Rong Wen Ju of Lu, Chen Lin Kong Zhang of Guangling, Zhong Xuan of Shanyang Wang Can, Xu Gan of Beihai, Yuan Yu of Chen Liu of Ruan Yu, De Lian of Ru 'an Ying Yang, Liu Zhen of Dongping, and seven sons of Si, all of whom have nothing left in their studies and nothing in their speeches.