"The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms·Book of Shu·The Biography of Zhuge Liang" records: "Liang worked hard to cultivate Longmu in order to write "Liang Fu Yin"."
According to Chen Shou's record of Zhuge Liang's seclusion in Longzhong, There are "good for "Yin of Liang Fu"" and "every time I compare myself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi". "Haowei" and "every" both refer to regular sexual behavior. Everyone knows that he has extraordinary ambitions than Guan Yue. As for why Zhuge Liang "favored "Liang Fu Yin", although many people have studied Zhuge Liang in ancient and modern times, no one has done an in-depth study. "Poetry expresses ambitions", what is Zhuge Liang's hope for "Liang Fu Yin"? What significance does this matter have in Zhuge Liang's life career?
"Liang Fu Yin" was compiled by Zhang Shuyu of the Qing Dynasty. Under the title of "Yin of Liang Fu" in the second volume of "Collected Works of Marquis Zhongwu of Zhuge", the following words are added:
Zhang Heng's "Poems of Four Sorrows" says: "It is difficult for Liang Fu to follow him." Note: Mount Tai is also Dongyue. , If you are virtuous, you will seal this mountain. I am willing to assist the monarch and become virtuous, but I am hindered by villains' slander and evil. Liang Fu, the name of the hill at the foot of Mount Tai. Zhuge Wuhou "liked to write "Liang Fu Yin"", so he was afraid of taking this meaning.
"Liang Fu Yin" is "Liang Fu Yin". According to Zhuge Liang's "Liang Fu Yin", "Once someone is slandered, two peaches will kill three people", and its meaning is more open-minded than "The Poems of Four Sorrows". Zhang Shu used the meaning of Zhang Heng's poem "It is difficult to follow Liang Fu" to explain the meaning of Zhuge Liang's "love to write "Liang Fu's Yin"". To describe the poem without the original poem would be circuitous and obscure.
The "Pre-Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Poems·Han Poems" compiled by Lu Qinli contains "Liang Fu Yin", and Lu explained under the title:
"Guwenyuan" wrote " "Gu Liang Fu Yin" does not mention Zhuge Liang's name. "Leiju", "Collection of Yuefu Poems", etc. are all inscribed to Zhuge Liang of Shu. According to Li Mian's "Qin Shuo", it says: "Liang Fu Yin" was written by Zeng Zi." "Qin Cao" says: "Zeng Zi plowed under Mount Tai, and the sky The rain and snow were freezing, and I couldn't return home for ten months. I thought about my parents and wrote "Liangshan Song". Cai Yong's "Qin Ode" said: "Liang Fu chanted sadly, and Zhou Gong wore his clothes." According to Liang Fu, the mountain is named at the foot of Qinshan Mountain. According to this, "Liang Fu Yin" did not begin with Kong Ming, and this poem has nothing to do with Kong Ming. This is attached to the Han Dynasty's "Miscellaneous Songs and Songs".
Also, "Anthology of Yuefu Poems: An Explanation of Liang Fu's Yin" says: "'Liang Fu's Yin' says that people who died were buried in this mountain, and they also buried songs." "Liang Fu Yin", as an ancient Yuefu title, "did not begin with Kong Ming", which is correct. But whether Zengzi composed ancient songs or ancient funeral songs, they were not passed down. As for what has been handed down from ancient times, "this statement has nothing to do with Kong Ming", that is, it describes things that are not Kong Ming's, which is also correct. However, it is inappropriate to use "this word" to describe something that is not Kong Ming's work, that is, to assert that it was not Kong Ming's work. There are many poets who have chanted and expressed their feelings through other things. Furthermore, Lu did not explain why Zhuge Liang "favored "Liang Fu Yin".
However, Lu's argument based on the poem "Liang Fu Yin" is good. "Liang Fu Yin" says:
Walking up the mountain to the east gate of Qi City, you can look into the distance at Dangyinli. There are three tombs (one is a tomb), all of which are similar. I asked whose tomb (Yizuo Tomb) it is? Tianjiang Guyezi (Yizuo family). The power can rank Nanshan, and the literature can reach the end of the world. Once he was slandered, two peaches killed three people. Who can plan this? The Prime Minister of Qi Yanzi!
This poem is about the plot of "Two peaches kill three people" by Yan Ying, the Prime Minister of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. See "Yan Zi Chun Qiu" Volume 2 "Internal Chapter·Admonishment 2·Jing Gong raised three warriors without the righteousness of kings and ministers Yan Zi Admonishment 24":
Gongsun Jie, Tian Kaijiang, Gu Yezi served Jinggong and fought against Huwen with his courage. Yan Zi passed by and followed, but the three sons could not afford it. Yanzi came to see the duke and said: "...the men who have accumulated bravery in the present king have no righteousness between the ruler and his ministers, and no moral ethics below. He cannot restrain violence internally, and cannot intimidate the enemy externally. This is a weapon that threatens the country. It cannot be If you go."... Because he asked the envoy to give him two peaches, he said, "Why don't you eat the peaches without counting the merits?" Gongsun then looked up to the sky and sighed: "... One after another, I beat the tiger. If you take advantage of it, you can eat peaches, but you won't be able to do the same thing as others." Tian Kaijiang said: "I fought with troops and defeated the three armies again. If I had the merit of opening the territory, I could also eat peaches, but I would not be the same as others." He rose up to support the peach. Gu Yezi said: "I followed you to help the river, and the turtle carried the turtle on the left to flow into the main pillar. At that time, Ye... caught the turtle and killed it. He held the tail on the left and the head on the right, and the crane Leap out. ... If you have the skill of annealing, you can also eat peaches, but it's not the same as others. Why don't you fight against peaches?" He drew his sword and stood up. Gongsun Jie and Tian Kaijiang said: "I am as brave as my son, and my merit is not as good as my son's. To take the peach and not give it away is greed. But if you don't die, you have no courage." They all turned against the peach, grabbed the leader and died. Gu Yezi said: "It is unkind to have two sons die and to give birth to an only child. It is unjust to praise someone's voice while humiliating others. To hate what you do, if you don't die, you have no courage..." He also turned against his peach and grabbed his leader. die.
This is the principle of "two peaches kill three men". Yanzi thought that the "three scholars" had no righteousness as kings and ministers, so he used a clever plan to get rid of them. Although "Liang Fu Yin" sings about this incident, its attitude is completely different from "Yan Zi Chun Qiu". The whole poem expresses the feeling of mourning for the "Three Scholars", which is different from "Yanzi Chunqiu" which believes that the "Three Scholars" should be eliminated. The following four sentences of "One day was slandered" severely criticized "Yan Zi", especially contrary to the position affirmed by Yan Zi in "Yan Zi Chun Qiu". Therefore, although "Liang Fu Yin" uses the events recorded in "Yan Zi Chun Qiu", its purpose is different. Obviously, Zhuge Liang's "love to write "Liang Fu Yin"" should have profound meaning.
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"Liang Fu Yin" is about the death of "Three Scholars" and the conspiracy of "Yan Zi". The author of the poem praises, regrets, and mourns the "Three Scholars"; he severely condemns "Yan Zi". Sighing for the "Three Scholars" implies the scholar's thoughts on how to deal with the world; sternly condemning "Yanzi" implies the Prime Minister's thinking on how to employ people and govern the country. Only those with great ambition and wisdom can think about problems in this way by reading history and observing the world. "Yuefu Poetry Collection" and others believe that this poem was written by Zhuge Liang, which is very insightful.
On the day when Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong, he compared himself to wind music. His thoughts on the general trend of the world can be seen in the famous "Thatched Cottage Dui". Judging from the fact that he "wanted to write "Liang Fu Yin"", what he was thinking about in Longzhong was also the issue of how scholars should establish themselves and use the world. The highest ideal of ancient Chinese scholar-bureaucrats was to display their ambitions for their ministers. Zhuge Liang was a scholar at that time, and he later became a prime minister. The poem "Liang Fu Yin" entrusts Zhuge Liang's way of establishing himself as a scholar, as well as his later way of governing the world and treating scholars as a prime minister. He compared wind music and proposed "Cao Lu Dui", which shows his extraordinary talent; "It is better to write "Liang Fu Yin"", which shows his superior ambition and instrument knowledge.
Let’s first discuss the way to be a scholar. Wu Mi's "Rain Monk Diary" diary on September 8, 1919:
Chen Junyinke said: "In the past, sages were like Zhuge Wuhou, who was responsible for the economic development of the world, but he first lived in seclusion in Longzhong, singing and singing to suit himself. , There is absolutely no ambition to use the world. I live my life in troubled times, and I don’t want to be heard by the princes. I am willing to go out of the mountains and die in order to repay my close friends. "Mi Jian, the original meaning of the poem "Liang Fu Yin" by Wu Hou. Protect yourself wisely. But Taibai Naiyun said, "When will I see Yangchun when I am shouting "Liang Fu Yin"?" His purpose is despicable.
Press, Li Bai's "Yin of Liang Fu" said:
Chang Xiao's "Yin of Liang Fu", when will we see Yangchun? Don't you see the song of worship, the slaughter of the old man and the resignation of Jijin, eighty west to fish for Weibin . Ning is shy and his white hair shines in the Lu River. When the time comes, he will be strong and think about economics. There were three thousand six hundred fishes in Guangzhang, but Fengqi secretly married Prince Wen. The great sage tiger turned stupid unexpectedly, and he was quite like an ordinary person at that time... I want to climb the dragon to see the Ming Lord,... I will be angry if I touch the gate with my forehead... A wise man can be proud of a fool, but the world sees me as light as a feather. Fighting against the three heroes of Nanshan, they all killed each other for the cost of two peaches... "Liang Fu Yin", "Liang Fu Yin", the sound is sad!...
Looking at the original meaning of Li Bai's poem, it is not only singing "When will we see Yangchun" , expresses the ambition of "thinking about economics when the time comes" and expresses the ambition of "thinking about economics and economics when the time comes", and expresses the tragedy of "trying to fight against the three heroes of Nanshan and killing each other at the expense of two peaches". On the latter point, Li Bai's attitude is the same as Zhuge Liang's "Liang Fu Yin", but different from "Yan Zi Chun Qiu". Therefore, the purpose of Li Bai's "Liang Fu Yin" is not humble.
It is good that Li Bai, Chen Yinke, and Wu Mi all used the meaning of Zhuge Liang's "Liang Fu Yin" as a way for scholars to conduct themselves in life. Chen said that "at first he lived in seclusion in Longzhong, whistling and singing to suit himself, and had absolutely no ambition to serve the world." Wu said that "the meaning of the words in "Liang Fu Yin" was originally to protect one's life with wisdom." This is wrong. To understand it this way, one person is considered to be "good at "Liang Fu Yin"", and another person is considered to be "compared to Guan Zhong and Le Yi every time". As for Li Bai's "Liang Fu Yin", although he shares Zhuge's sympathy for the "Three Scholars" and dissatisfaction with "Qi Xiang", he thinks that Zhuge "has a long roar of "Liang Fu Yin", when will he see Yangchun" and ""Liang Fu Yin" has a righteous and sad voice". If you are eager to make use of the world and suffer from living in seclusion and working hard, you have misunderstood Zhuge's meaning. You really don't understand Zhuge's personality and the profound meaning of "good to write "Liang Fu Yin"". Zhuge Liang "loved "Liang Fu Yin", and he was deeply moved by the way a scholar established himself, which has a profound historical and realistic background.
During the social changes in the Spring and Autumn Period, a group of free taxis emerged. As the master of scholars, Confucius proposed the way of being a scholar, that is, the way of a gentleman. "The Analects of Confucius·Xianwen" contains:
Zilu asked the gentleman. The Master said: "Cultivate yourself to be respectful." He said: "Is that all?" He said: "Cultivate yourself to bring peace to others." He said: "Is that all?" He said: "Cultivation of yourself is to bring peace to the people."
To "pacify people" and "pacify the people" means to govern the country and bring peace to the world with "benevolence". The traditional way of being a scholar is to "cultivate oneself" to become a gentleman, and to govern the world with benevolence to bring peace to the people. "Cultivating oneself" means seeking others from within, while "pacifying the common people" means looking outwards to the world. "Cultivating oneself" is the prerequisite. There is no one who can "pacify others" without "cultivating oneself".
The advantage of scholars is that they have knowledge, but they have no permanent property. In order to survive and practice the Tao, scholars need to seek official positions. "The Analects" contains the story of Zi Zhang, a disciple of Confucius, who "learned from Qian Lu". "Historical Records·Biography of Su Qin" records that Su Qin "traveled for several years and came back from deep sleep. His brothers, sisters-in-law, wives and concubines all laughed at him." Later, when Su Qinpei passed the seal of the Six Kingdoms and passed through Luoyang, "Kun's wife and sister-in-law looked sideways and did not dare to look up, so they fell down to serve food." Su Qin sighed: "This person's body is feared by his relatives when he is rich, but it is easy for him to be poor and lowly, let alone everyone! Even if I have two hectares of land in Luoyang and Guo, how can I wear the seal of the six countries!" The old scholar has no permanent property. , they had no choice but to get salary; and the snobbery of people especially drove the scholars to be keen on wealth and honor, so the monarch was able to control the scholars with titles and salaries. The gentleman's way of "cultivating oneself to bring peace to the people" advocated by Confucius was actually difficult for most scholars to follow, so Confucius told his disciples to "be a gentleman and a Confucian, not a villain."
Gongsun Jie and other "three scholars" died while discussing merit and eating "two peaches". What "peach" symbolizes is fame and fortune. "Peach" is only "two", which means there is little fame, fortune and fortune.
There are "three" in "shi", which means there are more scholars. Talking about merit and eating "peaches" makes scholars compete for fame, fortune and wealth. Therefore, "two peaches kill three scholars" is because the court uses fame and fortune as a trap, and it is also a tragedy that scholars compete for fame and fortune and commit suicide. The "Three Scholars" were killed because of this, which is certainly deplorable; the "Three Scholars" did not realize the reason for their murder until death, which is especially deplorable! Not only the "Three Scholars", but also how many scholars were restrained and enslaved by fame, fortune, and wealth, Emotions are tied to gains and losses, and body and mind are subject to snobbery. Isn't it a great tragedy for countless scholars?
The monarch hangs his title and salary on the top, and the scholars compete with each other and destroy the bottom. The tragedy of the scholars is not just It is also caused by the monarch's use of magic. Therefore, when scholars are advancing or retreating from a place of origin, they should think about it again and again, and be cautious about it. "The Analects of Confucius Taibo": "If there is a way in the world, you will see; if there is no way, you will hide." The same book "Shu'er": "Being rich and noble without justice is like a floating cloud to me." I can really achieve wealth and wealth in the clouds, and benefit from seeing. Righteous, can "two peaches" kill "three scholars"? Therefore, Zhuge Liang died from "two peaches" due to the death of "three scholars". The reason why Si Shi established himself was deeply moved. "It's good to write "Liang Fu Yin"", his thinking is far-reaching. At the end of the Han Dynasty, when there was chaos, political decline, and popular resentment, many scholars were in the wrong place, and many died in the wrong place. Zhuge Liang worked hard in Longmu and did not seek to learn and gain knowledge. He was a "hidden person without a way" in the world. He was indifferent to clarify his aspirations and kept quiet. Zhiyuan is not a sentiment that has no use in the world, so Liu Bei left the thatched cottage after three visits. Viewed from this point of view, when Zhuge Liang roars and sings to suit himself, he not only saves his life, but also his moral integrity. This is what Yang Xiong said in "Fayan": "How can a flying bird tamper with the flying sky?"
Zhuge Liang was indifferent and devoted himself to farming, which was a matter of "self-cultivation". "Cultivating oneself" is not the goal; "pacifying people" and then "pacifying the common people" is the goal. "The Analects of Confucius Taibo" records that a disciple of Confucius once said: "A scholar cannot be without great perseverance. The responsibilities are heavy and the road is long. Benevolence is one's own responsibility, which is not too important! It is not too far to die and die!" The mission of a scholar is Practice benevolence in the world, but only the benevolent can practice benevolence. "The Analects of Confucius·Yong Ye" says: "A benevolent person will establish others if he wants to establish himself, and he will achieve others if he wants to achieve success." Based on this, if we look at "Yan Zi"'s plan of "two peaches kill three people", then "Yan Zi" is unkind. Therefore, Zhuge Liang's "Liang Fu Yin" set up the murder of "three scholars" by the Qi Prime Minister "Yan Zi", and thought deeply about the way of governing the country and employing scholars.
"Mencius: Devoting One's Heart": "When a scholar is poor, he will not lose his righteousness, and if he achieves it, he will not deviate from the Tao. If he is poor, he will not lose his righteousness, so a scholar will gain his own self; if he achieves it, he will not deviate from the Tao, so the people will not be disappointed. Ancient people, If you have ambition, you will benefit the people; if you have no ambition, you will cultivate your character and be seen in the world. If you are poor, you will be good for yourself, and if you are great, you will be good for the world. "Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong, when he was a poor man. However, "Being poor does not violate justice, so it is self-reliant." Those who "acquire oneself" should "cultivate oneself" to maintain a high standard. Therefore, Zhuge lived in seclusion because when a scholar "didn't have ambitions", he "cultivated himself to be seen in the world". This is why it is called "Wolong" in the world. Therefore, Zhuge not only enjoyed plowing and singing songs, but also "benefited the people" when he "got his ambition". "Being good to oneself" and "being good to the world" are the matters of one person, not two people. They are different expressions of the same person when he is "poor" or "rich". The two are connected.
One of Zhuge Liang's "self-cultivation" achievements in Longzhong was that when Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times, he discussed the overall situation in three parts. This shows his extraordinary talent. Another achievement was that he was "good at writing "Liang Fu Yin"" and thought deeply about the way to establish one's character and employ people to govern the country. His Xiangde, which was later praised by others, was embedded in it. Therefore, "Every time I compare myself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi" and "I like to write "Liang Fu Yin"", they are all manifestations of Zhuge Liang's "poverty without losing justice". Later, his brilliant career as "Bo Zhongyilu" was a manifestation of "reaching and not departing from the Tao".
"The Biography of Zhuge Liang" records that he wrote to the emperor before his death: "There are 800 mulberry trees in Chengdu and 15 hectares of thin fields. The children have enough food and clothing. As for the ministers who are away from home, they have no other arrangements and take their food and clothing with them." , I respect my officials, and do not care about my life, so as to grow in size. If I die, I will not have any silk inside or gain money outside, so as to disgrace His Majesty!" Chen Shou, the author of "Three Kingdoms", then wrote: "When I die, I will not have any money left inside. , as it says." Zhuge Liang, who holds the high position of prime minister, lives a frugal life and has an honest political style. His ability to do this is related to the fact that when he was "favoring "Liang Fu Yin"" in Longzhong, he took it as a warning to "three scholars" to fight for "peach" to death. When you are "poor", you don't want to get "peaches", so you can "not seek knowledge and enlightenment", which means "being poor does not violate justice". When "Da" is not greedy for "peaches", one will not only straighten one's body to rectify the world, but also show the people of the world that one is loyal, honest and yielding. This is "Tao does not leave the Tao". Therefore, although he "takes charge of the government of a country and does ordinary things", he can still be "authoritarian without being rude, and do the king's business without the country's doubts" ("The Biography of Zhuge Liang" notes "Yuan Zi"). In ancient Chinese history, Zhuge Liang was the only person who could make the whole country love, trust, obey and respect him. This is for no other reason than to regard the "peach" of fame, position, wealth and wealth as if it were nothing.
When Zhuge Liangda was in power, he not only stayed true to the Tao, but also stayed true to the Tao in his treatment of scholars.
"The Biography of Jiang Wan" records: Jiang Wan was the head of Guangdu. "When the First Lord came to Guangdu on a visit to Guangdu, he saw that Wan was ignoring everyone's affairs and was drunk at times. The First Lord was furious and ordered him to be punished and killed. General Zhuge Liang, the military advisor, asked: 'Jiang Wan, the weapon of Sheji, is not Baili. He is very talented. His administration is based on peace of mind for the people, not on decoration. I hope my lord will pay more attention to it!'" Later, Jiang Wan succeeded Zhuge Liang as prime minister, "inheriting Zhuge's rules", "there is no problem on the border, and the country is harmonious." ". Therefore, when Zhuge Liang tried his best to save Jiang Wan, he saved a pillar of the country for Shu Han. This is completely different from the intention of "Yanzi" in treating the "three scholars".
"The Biography of Li Yan" records: During Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, Li Yan was appointed as the Central Protector to supervise the transportation of grain. It was raining heavily and the food transportation could not be continued, so Yan sent people to call Liang to return the army. After the army retreated, Yan Que said, "There is enough food for the army, so why should we return?" He also asked his master, "The army pretended to retreat in order to lure thieves into fighting." Zhuge Liang "explained the manuscripts written before and after him" and asked Li Yan to be abolished for the people. Later, Zhuge Liang died of illness. Li Yan was "infuriated" and "died of illness" because "Chang Jiliang should repair his own illness, but future generations cannot". Also, "The Biography of Liao Li" records: Liao Li was deposed for his crimes and moved to Wenshan. When they heard about Zhuge Liang's death, they wept and sighed: "I will finally be Zuo Jin!" Li and Liao not only pleaded guilty, but also believed that as long as Zhuge Liang was around, they would one day be useful. The fact is that after Zhuge Liang dismissed Li Yan, he once sent a message to Li Yan's son Li Feng: "I and my father and I have worked hard to reward the Han Dynasty. This is what the gods have heard, and not only people know it. ... It is said that one is truly moved, and finally It can be saved at the beginning, how can you be so good in the picture!... I wish to comfort the guardian and pursue the front line diligently... Is it possible to recover? If you think about this warning carefully, I will sigh and cry. That's all!" Zhuge Liang cherished his talents for the country. Compared with "Yanzi" who planned to kill the "three scholars", how can we compare with each other!
"The Biography of Yang Hong" records: Yang Hong was originally a subordinate of Li Yan, the prefect of Qianwei. Cao, who was recognized by Zhuge Liang for his talents, was promoted to the post of prefect of Shu County. At that time, Li Yan was still serving as prefect of Qianwei. It is also recorded in the same biography: Ren Zhi was originally a secretary to Yang Hong, the governor of Shu County. He was promoted to the governor of Guanghan due to his "talent and merit". At that time, Yang Hong was still serving as the governor of Shu County. For this reason, "The people of the West who obey Zhuge Liang can make the best use of the tools of the time." Also, "The Collection of Zhuge Liang: Called Yao Jiao" says: "There is no one who is more loyal and beneficial than the one who enters, and those who enter do what they respect. Today Yao The coexistence of hardness and softness can be said to be a liberal arts. May all the disciples hope for this and make it their own!" Note: "Everyone who enters will do what he wants", that is, he can "expand the use of culture and military". , this is "to make the best use of one's tools". If people are employed like weapons, then talents with their own strengths and weaknesses can all develop their strengths. In this way, scholars will have a broad career path, and the country will have more talents to use. By employing people in this way, even the brave but rude "Three Scholars" in "Yanzi Chunqiu" can be made to do their best to serve the country.
"The Biography of Dong He" contains Zhuge Liang's "Education with the Group": "Those who participate in the office gather everyone's wisdom and loyalty. If you are far away and have small suspicions, it is difficult to violate each other, and the vast space will be damaged. . He succeeded in defeating all the mistakes, but he still suffered a lot, but Xu Yuanzhi was not confused. Dong Youzai had been in the office for seven years, and he came to inform him. Mu Yuanzhi's eleventh year, the young slaughterer is diligent and loyal to the country, and Zeliang can be less than that." Also, the "Biography of Zhuge Liang" quoted from "Han Jin Chun Qiu" states: After the defeat of Jieting, Zhuge Liang "took the blame and bowed down." "Lost in the world", and issued instructions to the soldiers: "As long as you attack my palace diligently, the matter will be settled, the thieves will be killed, and the success will be enough." Zhuge Liang used the prime minister to preside over the affairs of the country, respecting the power of his position, and working with the group. When he gets along with his subordinates, he is so sincere and honest, "the reason why this virtuous and foolish person forgets his own body"! ("Zhang Yi Biography")
Zhuge Liangda never strays from the Tao, and under his influence, Shu officials have many virtuous qualities. And the honest ones. "The Biography of Dong He" states: "On the day of He's death, the family will have no wealth to build stones." "The Biography of Liu Ba" said that Ba "lived frugally and did not manage his property." "The Biography of Dong Yun" said that Yun was "upright as the master of Kuang", "upright as a corporal", and "exercised the principles of rescue". "The Biography of Yang Hong" says that Hong is "loyal to the Qing Dynasty and wealthy, caring about his father-in-law and his family." "The Biography of Fei Yi" notes the "Biography of Yi": Yi is the prime minister, "he is elegant and modest, and the family does not accumulate wealth. All his sons make commoners eat vegetarian food and go in and out." If you don’t ride on a chariot, you are no different from an ordinary person.” "Jiang Wei's Biography" records: Wei "accorded to the importance of the general, and he was on the right side of the ministers. His house was poor, his assets were not enough, there were no concubines in the side room, and there was no sound and music in the back courtyard." "The Biography of Deng Zhi" states that Zhi "has clear-cut rewards and punishments, and is kind to his soldiers." "If he does not manage his property, his wife will not be immune to hunger and cold, and the family will have no money on the day of his death." For this reason, the Shu Han under Zhuge Liang's rule "is strict in science and education, and rewards and punishments are strict." It must be believed that no evil will not be punished, no good will not be shown, as for officials who do not tolerate rape, people are self-reliant, the Tao does not pick up the lost, the strong does not invade the weak, and the demeanor is awe-inspiring" (Chen Shou's "Into the Collection of Zhuge Liang").
In short, Zhuge Liang's "Liang Fu Yin" embodies, one is the way of being a scholar, and the other is the body of appearance. When a scholar comes to this world, he is determined to be on the right path, but he cannot live without a salary, so it takes a lot of effort to enter and exit, and it is also very difficult to deal with it appropriately. The technique of cage control is like "two peaches kill three soldiers". Only by being indifferent can a scholar avoid disaster, and only by being indifferent can he be saved. As for being the prime minister, you should cherish your talents for the country, make the best use of them, be open and honest, and pool your wisdom. Therefore, Zhuge Liang "liked to write "Liang Fu Yin"", expressing his pity for the difficulty of getting up in the world as a scholar, and ridiculing his unkindness. This was written with emotion by Zhuge Liang after observing the ways of scholars and governance in ancient and modern times. In troubled times, his ability to read history and view the world in this way shows that his knowledge is far-reaching and his attitude is very noble. From this point of view, on the day when Zhuge Liang was plowing Long Mu, he "wanted to write "Liang Fu Yin"", and his intention was profound. This incident also greatly benefited Zhuge Liang's life ambitions and career.