In the first Turkey-Egypt war, Egypt defeated Turkey and occupied Syria, but it was not completely independent from the empire. 1834, it tried to gain independence by taking advantage of the contradiction between big powers, but Britain didn't want to see a powerful Egypt on its way to India.

1838, Britain tried to force Egypt to accept the new British-Turkish commercial treaty signed with the Turkish government in order to gain greater benefits. Knowing that commercial treaties have caused great damage to Egypt's economy, Muhammad Alipasha strongly opposed them, and the relationship between Britain and Egypt became tense. However, in order not to let the British family dominate, France naturally agrees with Egypt's independence and secretly supports it.

process

On April 2 1839 and 2 1 day, egged on by Britain, the Sultan of Turkey led troops across the Euphrates River to attack Syria, and the second Turkey-Egypt war broke out. On June 24, the two sides fought a decisive battle on the border between Turkey and Syria. Turkey collapsed across the board and the Egyptian army entered Turkey. The Turkish government is in danger, and western powers once again intervene and demand peace talks between the two sides.

However, due to the internal difficulties of the great powers, especially Britain and France, the peace talks have not made substantial progress. 1840 In July, Britain, Russia, Austria and Prussia intervened to help Turkey. From September to June of the same year,165438+1October, a British-Austrian joint fleet cut off Ibrahim's maritime traffic lines, and the British shelled and occupied Beirut and Akka Fortress, defeating the Egyptian garrison in Syria.

When Alexander was threatened, Ali was forced to return the Turkish fleet, announced his surrender to Sudan, resumed regular tribute, and agreed to reduce his troops and withdraw from Syria. 1840, the five countries shelved France and signed the Treaty of London. 184165438+1On October 30th, the Turkish Sultan insisted on the will of a big country and forced Egypt to accept various restrictive decrees. 184 1 February, Ibrahim led the army to withdraw from Syria to Egypt. The second Turkey-Egypt war ended.

affect

Muhammad Ali tried his best to reduce the Egyptian army to18,000, and still retained 80,000 troops in 1848. However, its strength is not as good as before, and it can no longer resist the invasion of foreign powers. After the Second Turkey-Egypt War, Egypt, as a province of the Ottoman Empire, began to embark on a semi-colonial road.