"Viewing the Sea" Cao Cao
To the east is the Jieshi to view the sea.
Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall.
There are many trees and lush grass.
The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising.
The journey of the sun and the moon would appear within it;
The stars would be brilliant as if they would appear within it.
Fortunately, I sing to express my ambition.
"At the foot of Cibeigu Mountain" Wangwan
The guest walks outside the green mountains and the boat rides in front of the green water.
The tide is flat, the banks are wide, the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging.
Hai Ri is born and the night is over, and Jiang Chun is entering the old year.
Where can I get the rural letter? Return to Yanluoyang.
"Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake" by Bai Juyi
To the north of Gushan Temple and to the west of Jia Pavilion, the water surface is initially flat and the clouds are low.
Early orioles are vying for warmth in several places, and new swallows are pecking at the spring mud.
The wild flowers are becoming more and more charming, and only in Asakusa can there be no horse hooves.
My favorite lake is the east side of the lake, with its green poplar shade and white sand embankment.
"Moon over the Xijiang River" by Xin Qiji
The bright moon scares the magpies on the branches, and the breeze sings the cicadas in the middle of the night.
The fragrance of rice flowers speaks of a good harvest, and the sound of frogs sounds.
Seven or eight stars are outside the sky, and two or three points of rain are in front of the mountain.
In the old days, by the forest of Maodian Society, I suddenly saw a bridge over a stream when the road turned.
"Autumn Thoughts on the Pure Sky and Sand" by Ma Zhiyuan
Withered vines and old trees, dim crows,
People with small bridges and flowing water,
The ancient road is thin in the west wind horse.
As the sun sets in the west, I recall that when I was a child, I could open my eyes to the sun and see the details clearly. I would carefully examine the texture of small things, so I always had the interest of being outside of things.
Mosquitoes turn into thunder in the summer. I secretly imagine a group of cranes dancing in the sky. Wherever I want to go, there are thousands or hundreds of cranes. Sure enough, they are cranes. When I look at them with my head raised, my neck is very strong. He also left mosquitoes under the plain tent and sprayed smoke slowly, causing them to fly away against the smoke. They looked like a blue cloud and white cranes, and they looked like cranes in the sky, which made them happy and happy.
I often squat on the concave and convex places on the earthen wall or on the flower bed, so that it is flush with the platform; I look carefully and see the grass as a forest, the insects and ants as beasts, and the earth and gravel as protrusions. It is a hill, and the concave ones are gullies. The mind wanders among them, enjoying itself.
One day, I saw two insects fighting among the grass. As I watched, I was very excited. Suddenly, a huge thing came up, uprooted the mountain and fell the tree, covered it with a toad, and spit out its tongue, and all the two insects were eaten. swallow. When I was young, I was lost in thought and was startled. God is determined, catch the shrimps and toads, whip them dozens of times, and drive them away from the other courtyard.
Childlike Translation
Looking back on my childhood, I could open my eyes to the sun and see clearly. When I saw very small things, I would carefully observe their lines, so Often get fun outside of things.
The sound of mosquitoes in summer is like thunder, and I compare them to groups of cranes flying in the sky. Thinking this in my heart, thousands of mosquitoes turned into cranes. I looked up and my neck felt stiff. I let the mosquitoes stay in the tent again and slowly puffed on the smoke and blew out the smoke. They asked them to fly towards the smoke and watched them as white cranes in the blue clouds. As expected, they were like cranes in the sky, which made me happy.
I often squat down at the concave and convex places of the earthen wall, or in the flower beds with thick grass, as high as the flower bed, and observe carefully, using the grass as a forest and the insects and ants As a wild beast, the convex parts of the soil are used as hills and the concave parts are used as valleys, and the mind wanders among them, enjoying themselves.
One day, I saw two small insects fighting in the grass. When I was enjoying watching them, suddenly a huge creature came up from the mountain and knocked down the trees. It turned out to be a toad with a tongue. Vomited, and the two bugs were swallowed by it. I was young and was fascinated by what I saw, but I screamed in fright. After calming down, I caught the toad, whipped it dozens of times, and drove it away to another yard.
10. Ten Principles of the Analects of Confucius
1. Confucius said: "Learning and practicing it, don't you also say (yuè)? Isn't it a pleasure to have friends come from afar?" Isn’t it a gentleman who does not know but is not stunned? ("Xue Er")
2. Zengzi said: "I have examined my body three times in a day: Is it true that I am not loyal to others? ?You make friends but don’t believe it? You teach it but you don’t get used to it?” ("Xue Er")
3. The Master said: "You can become a teacher by reviewing the past and learning the new. " ("Wei Zheng")
4. Confucius said: "Learning without thinking is a waste of time; thinking without learning is peril. "("Wei Zheng")
5. Confucius said: "Because, teach your daughter to know it! Knowing it means knowing it, not knowing it means not knowing it, this is knowing. " ("Wei Zheng")
6. Confucius said: "When you see the virtuous, you should think about them; when you see the virtuous, you should introspect yourself. " ("Li Ren")
7. The Master said: "When three people are walking together, there must be one who is my teacher. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones. "("Shu Er")
8. Zengzi said: "A scholar cannot be without great perseverance, as the responsibilities are heavy and the road ahead is long. Isn’t it important to consider benevolence as one’s own responsibility? Isn't it just a matter of time before death? " ("Taibo")
9. Confucius said: "The year is cold, and then we know that the pines and cypresses will wither. " ("Zihan")
10. Zigong asked: "Is there anything you can say that can be implemented throughout your life?" Confucius said: "Forgive me! Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you. . "("Wei Linggong")
20. "Mountain City"
Huanshan Mountain City is one of the eight scenic spots in the city, but it has not been seen for several years. Sun Gongzi Yu When Nian and his companions were drinking together upstairs, they suddenly saw a solitary tower rising from the top of the mountain. They looked at each other in surprise and doubt, thinking that there was no such monastery in the distance. There were dozens of palaces with green tiles and flying rafts, and they realized that it was a mountain city. . Not long after, the tall walls stretched for six or seven miles, and there were hundreds of towers, halls, and squares in the city. Now that the wind is calm and the sky is clear, everything is gone except for one dangerous building, which is directly in the sky. There are five windows in the sky, and there are five points of light in one row, and the sky is indexed layer by layer. On the eighth floor, it is like a star. Above it, it is dim and misty, and it is impossible to tell the level. People passing by and standing on the upper floor have different shapes. As time goes by, the top of the building is gradually lowered. ; It gradually became like a regular building; then gradually became like a high house; suddenly it was like a fist like a bean, and then disappeared. I also heard that someone who walked early saw a crowd of people and shops on the mountain, which was no different from the rest of the world, so it was also called "Ghost Market".
The "Mountain City" in Huanshan Mountain is one of the eight scenic spots in Zichuan County, but it often does not appear once for several years. (One day) Master Sun Yunian was drinking upstairs with his friends in the same industry, and suddenly saw the top of the mountain. There was a solitary pagoda standing high in the sky. (Everyone) looked at me and I looked at you, surprised and confused, thinking that there were no Buddhist temples nearby. Not long after, I saw dozens of them (again). The tiles of the palace were green, and the roof ridges were raised high. Then I realized that it was a "mountain city". Not long after, a high city wall with a concave and convex shape appeared. The short wall stretches for six or seven miles, and it turns out to be a city. There are buildings like pavilions, halls, and neighborhoods in the city, all of which are clearly visible in front of you. Suddenly, there is a strong wind and the smoke is filled with dust. After a while, the wind stopped, the sky became clear, and the previous scene disappeared, leaving only a high-rise building, touching the sky, with five rooms on each floor, and the windows were all open. There are five bright spots, which are the sky outside the building.
Count them one by one. The higher the room, the smaller the bright spots; when you count to the eighth floor, there are only bright spots. The stars are so small; they become dim as you go up, and you can't see clearly their levels. People on the (lower floor) floors are coming and going, everyone is doing their own thing, some are leaning on the (railing), Some were standing, with different postures. After a while, the building gradually became lower and the roof could be seen. Gradually, it became like an ordinary building again. Gradually, it turned into a tall bungalow. ; Suddenly it shrank to the size of a fist, (shrinked again) to the size of a pea, and finally disappeared completely.
I also heard that people who got up early and were on their way saw homes, markets and shops on the mountain. It was no different from the situation in the world, so people called it a "ghost market".
25. Two articles from "Shishuo Xinyu"
1. Yongxue
Xie Taifu Hanxue gathered in the house to discuss the meaning of thesis with his children. Suddenly ① snow suddenly ②, the public said happily: "What does the white snow look like?" Brother Hu'er said: "Sprinkling salt in the air can simulate the difference ③." The brother and daughter said: "It's not as good as catkins because of the wind blowing ④." Laugh. That is to say, the eldest brother Gong has no daughter, and she is the wife of General Wang Ning of the left.
①. Soon, not a while. ②. The snow is falling rapidly. ③. The difference can be approximated. ④. Not as good as it is. ⑤. Because of multiplication.
Translation: On a cold snowy day, Mr. Xie gathered his family together to discuss poetry and essays with his nephews and nephews. Suddenly, it snowed heavily, and the Taifu said happily: "What does this heavy snow look like?" His brother's eldest son Hu'er said: "It's like spreading salt in the air." His brother's daughter Dao Yun said : "It's not as good as catkins flying in the wind." The Taifu laughed happily. Dao Yun is the daughter of Taifu's eldest brother Xie Yi and the wife of General Wang Ningzhi of the left.
2. Chen Taiqiu and Youqiu
Chen Taiqiu and his friends traveled in Qiu. During the period, they did not arrive during the period. Yuan Fang was seven years old and started playing outside his home. The guest asked Yuan Fang, "Is your Majesty here?" He replied, "I haven't seen you for a long time, and you have gone." The friend was angry and said, "You are not a human being! I went as expected and left by agreement." Yuan Fang said: "You and your family are expected to meet each other on the same day. If you don't arrive at noon, it is untrustworthy. To scold your son and your father is rude." The friend was ashamed and got out of the car to lead him away. Yuan Fang entered the house and ignored him.
Translation: Chen Taiciu and his friend made an appointment in advance to travel together at noon. However, after the agreed time, the friend did not arrive, so Chen Taiciu stopped waiting for his friend and left. After he left, his friends came. Chen Taiciu's son Chen Yuanfang, who was only seven years old at the time, was playing games outside his home. The guest asked him: "Is your father at home?" Chen Yuanfang replied: "Father has been waiting for you for a long time but you did not come. You have already left." The guest then got angry and said: "You are not a human being! You made an appointment with me Chen Yuanfang said: "You and my father agreed to meet at noon, and it is not trustworthy. It is disrespectful to scold his father in front of his son." The guest felt ashamed, so he got out of the car and wanted to hold Yuan Fang's hand. Yuan Fang walked home and ignored him.
30. The last two fables of "Four Fables"
3. Zhizi suspected his neighbor
There was a rich man in the Song Dynasty, and the rain caused damage to the wall. His son said: "If you don't build, there will be thieves." His neighbor's father also said the same thing. In the evening, his wealth will be greatly lost. His family will be very wise and his son will be suspicious of his neighbor's father.
Translation
There was a rich man in the Song Dynasty (one day) it rained heavily and destroyed the wall. His son said: "If it is not repaired, there must be thieves (stealing things)." The old man next door also said the same. Sure enough, a lot of property was lost (from his house) that night. The family thought their son was very smart, but they were suspicious of the old man next door.
4. A blessing in disguise
If the person near the fortress has good skills, the horse will die for no reason and enter the wild. Everyone paid tribute to him, and his father said, "How can this not be a blessing?" After staying for several months, his horse returned home with a handsome horse. Everyone congratulated him, and his father said, "Why can't this cause disaster?" The family was rich and had good horses, and his son was good at riding them, but they fell and broke his legs. Everyone paid tribute to him, and his father said: "How can this not be a blessing?" After one year of residence, a large number of barbarians entered the fortress, and the strong men led the strings to fight. Nineteen of those who were close to the fortress died. Because of his lameness, father and son protect each other.
Translation
Among the people near the Great Wall, there was a man who was proficient in magic (some superstitious activities). His horse escaped to the territory of the barbarians for no reason. People came to comfort him, and the old man said, "Why can't this be a blessing?" After a few months, his horse returned with the horses of the barbarians. People came to congratulate him, and the old man said, "Why can't this be a disaster?" There were many good horses at home, and his son liked to ride them. Once, he fell off the horse and broke his thigh.
People came to comfort him, and the old man said, "Why can't this be a blessing?" A year later, the barbarians invaded in large numbers and broke into the Great Wall. All the men in their prime took up arms and went to war. Most of the people near the Great Wall died in the battle. Only this man's son was lame, and both father and son survived.
Ancient Poetry:
15. Four Ancient Poems
1. Viewing the Sea Cao Cao
To the east is the Jieshi to view the sea.
Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall.
There are many trees and lush grass.
The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising.
The journey of the sun and the moon would appear within it;
The shining stars would appear within it.
Fortunately, I sing to express my ambition.
2. Next to Wangwan at the foot of Beigu Mountain
The guest road is outside the green mountains and the boat is in front of the green water.
The tide is flat, the banks are wide, the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging.
Hai Ri is born and the night is over, and Jiang Chun is entering the old year.
Where can I get the rural letter? Return to Yanluoyang.
3. Spring trip to Qiantang Lake by Bai Juyi
To the north of Gushan Temple and to the west of Jia Pavilion, the water surface is initially flat and the clouds are low.
Early orioles are vying for warmth in several places, while new swallows are pecking at the spring mud.
The wild flowers are becoming more and more charming, so only Asakusa has no horse hooves.
My favorite lake is the east side of the lake, with its green poplar shade and white sand embankment.
4. The sky is clear, the sand is full of autumn thoughts, and the horses are far away.
Withered vines and old trees are full of crows.
People live on small bridges and flowing water.
The ancient road is thin in the west wind. horse.
The sun sets in the west,
The heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Extracurricular recitation of ancient poems (10 poems)
1. Although the tortoise has a long life, Cao Cao
Although the tortoise has a long life, it still has its time.
The soaring snake rides on the mist, but in the end it becomes ashes.
The old man is still ambitious, but his ambition is thousands of miles;
The martyrs are ambitious in their old age.
The period of profit and contraction is not only in heaven;
Nurturing good fortune can lead to eternal life.
Fortunately, I sing to express my ambition.
2. Passing by my old friend's village (Tang Dynasty) Meng Haoran
My old friend brought chicken and millet and invited me to Tian's house.
The green trees are adjacent to the village, and the green mountains are sloping outside.
Open a dining room and chat over wine.
On the Double Ninth Festival, I will come to see chrysanthemums.
3. The title of Zen Temple behind Poshan Temple was always built
Entering the ancient temple early in the morning, the first sunlight shines on the high forest.
The winding path leads to a secluded place, and the Zen room is surrounded by flowers and trees.
The light of the mountain is pleasing to the birds, and the shadow of the pond is empty of the human heart.
Everything is silent here, except for the sound of bells and chimes.
Translation
I strolled to this ancient temple in the early morning, and the rising sun shone on the towering jungle.
A winding path leads to a quiet distance, where is a Zen room covered in the shade of flowers and trees.
The mountains are bright and clear, the birds sing happily, and the reflection in the deep pool makes people feel ethereal.
Everything was silent, only the sound of bells and pans echoed in the air.
4. I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Longbiao was far away and sent this message to Li Bai
The poplar flowers have fallen and Zigui cries, and I heard that Longbiao has passed the five streams.
I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon and follow you until the end of the night.
5. The night rain is sent to the north by Li Shangyin
You asked about the return date, but the night rain in Bashan swelled the autumn pond.
Why should I cut off the candles from the west window and talk about the rainy night in Bashan?
6. Mooring in Qinhuai
Du Mu of Tang Dynasty
The smoke cage is cold and the moon is caged in the sand. I moored in Qinhuai at night near a restaurant.
Shang girls don’t know the hatred for the country’s subjugation, but they still sing the flowers in the backyard across the river.
7. Huanxisha Yan Shu
A new song and a glass of wine, the weather is the same as last year. When does the sun set?
There is no choice but the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallow returns. The fragrant path in the small garden wanders alone.
8. Pass by Songyuan Chen Chuiqigong Store
Song Yang Wanli
Mo Yan said that it would be easy to go down to the ridge, and it would make pedestrians like it.
Entering the circle of thousands of mountains, every mountain passes through its obstacles.
Explanation (It’s very tiring to go up the ridge, but) not to mention that it’s not difficult to come down from the ridge. Before going down the mountain, pedestrians often have a happy time. After walking into the mountains, you came out of one mountain, but you were blocked by another mountain.
With the help of scene descriptions and vivid metaphors, the poet explains a profound truth of universal significance by writing about the feelings of traveling in mountainous areas: no matter what people do, they must be fully prepared for the difficulties on the way forward. Don't be intoxicated by temporary success.
When grasping the theme of this poem, we should first position the style as a philosophical poem, and then we can quickly know that this poem expresses the feelings of mountain climbing, but actually talks about the philosophy of life: after achieving a certain level, When it comes to achievements, you must never be complacent, but should keep making progress.
9. Like a Dream, Southern Song Dynasty, Li Qingzhao
I often remember the sunset at the creek pavilion,
I am so drunk that I don’t know the way back.
Returning to the boat late after all the fun,
stuck into the depths of lotus flowers.
Fighting for the crossing,
Fighting for the crossing,
A group of gulls and herons were startled.
10. Impressions from Reading the Book by Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty
A half-acre square pond opens up,
The skylight and cloud shadows linger.
Ask how clear the canal is?
Because there is a source of living water.
Heartbroken people are at the end of the world.