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Liu Gongquan's calligraphy is as famous as Yan Zhenqing's, and the characters of Yan Liu and Liu Ti are characterized by angular, strong bones and elegant manners. The characteristics of Liu-style calligraphy are: chic and thin, and some strokes are closely interspersed, which makes the spacious place particularly open.
Liu Gongquan (778-865) was born in Jingzhao Garden (now Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province), Han nationality. A famous calligrapher and poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, the younger brother of Liu Gongchu, the minister of war.
Liu Gongquan became a scholar at the age of twenty-nine. In his early years, he served as secretary of provincial studies and was incorporated into the Li Ting shogunate. In Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong Dynasty, he served in the official residence and grew up in North Korea. A total of seven dynasties, from the official to the prince, sealed Hedong county, with the prince Taibao as the official, so the world called it "Liu." In the sixth year of Xian Tong (865), Liu Gongquan died at the age of 88 and was posthumously given to the Prince.
Liu Gongquan's calligraphy is famous for regular script. He learned from Wang Xizhi at first, and later visited the famous calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty. He absorbed Yan Zhenqing's strengths and new ideas, and created his own unique "Liu Ti", which was famous for its infinite strength and was later known as "Yan Gu". It is also called "Yan Liu" with Yan Zhenqing, and "four masters of regular script" with Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing and Zhao Meng. Inscriptions handed down from ancient times include Diamond Sutra Engraving, Mysterious Tower Monument and Su Feng Monument. Cursive scripts include posts, sixteen-day posts, insulting posts, etc. Zhao Meng Tie and Postscript of Pear Tie from Wang Xianzhi are both masterpieces handed down from ancient times. Liu Gongquan also writes poems. Complete Tang Poetry contains five poems, and Complete Tang Poetry contains one poem.
Liu Gongquan is a summarizer and innovator of regular script. On the basis of learning and inheriting the regular script styles of Zhong You, Wang Xizhi and others, he read modern calligraphy, learned from Yan Zhenqing, absorbed his new ideas, and created his own unique "six-style" regular script, which was imitated by later generations and became one of the outstanding representatives of "Tang Shu Shang Fa". ?
His handwriting is even, thin and hard, and he pursues Wei Bei firmly. His stippling is crisp and beautiful, with thick bones and tight body. "Books are expensive, thin and hard, and the spirit is clear." Compared with his face, his regular script is slightly flat and thin, so it is called "Yan Gu".
Since the end of Tang Chaoyuan, Liu Gongquan's reputation has become higher and higher. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty especially cherished Mo Bao of Liu Gongquan. Liu Gongquan was called to the front of the temple, and the military commander ordered Simon Xuan Ji to hold the inkstone, and the Tang Dynasty envoy Cui Juyuan wrote it. Liu Gongquan wrote the cross of "Mrs. Wei's brushwork" on a piece of paper with a real book. On a piece of paper, he wrote eleven words in the running script: "Yongchun Temple has a thousand words of calligraphy". On a piece of paper, I wrote "How can predicates help others?" Xuanzong gave him brocade, bottles and jars and other silverware. And let him write a thank-you letter, whether it is a real book or a cursive script. At that time, the minister's family set up a monument to his ancestors. If there is no inscription by Liu Gongquan, people will think it is unfilial. Moreover, Liu Gongquan's reputation spread far and wide overseas. When he went abroad to pay tribute, he specially prepared money to buy Liu Gongquan's calligraphy. Tang Wenzong once praised his calligraphy, even the rebirth of Zhong You and Wang Xizhi.
Today, the first choice for people to learn calligraphy is still Yan, Liu, Ou, Chu, Yu and other calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty, especially a set of regular script norms founded by Liu Gongquan, which is still an example for people to learn. ? Liu Gongquan made outstanding contributions to the reform and development of calligraphy art, summed up the development of calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty, and laid the foundation for the overall development of regular script.