This sentence decided Qian Xuesen's career in rocket, missile and space. More than 40 years have passed, and now Qian Xuesen is 90 years old. With his fundamental contribution to China's rocket and missile technology, aerospace technology and even the whole national defense high-tech cause, he has written a brilliant chapter for the modernization of our military weapons and equipment.
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1956 February 17, after careful consideration, Qian Xuesen put forward "Opinions on Establishing China's National Defense Aviation Industry", and made incisive comments on the organizational planning, development plan and specific measures of China's rocket and missile undertakings. This opinion has been highly valued by the CPC Central Committee. Soon, Qian Xuesen was appointed to be responsible for establishing the first rocket and missile research institution in China-the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense. 65438+10.8-This is the first anniversary of Qian Xuesen's return to China. The Fifth National Defence College was proclaimed, with Qian Xuesen as its president. The new China's rocket, missile and space undertakings began a difficult course. A new career has begun, and there are many things. Qian Xuesen first gave a missile introduction to the newly assigned 156 college students, so that these technicians who have never seen missiles can understand the most basic professional knowledge. He drew up the study plan of aerodynamics, engine and other related majors, and guided the establishment of the research room of missile general, aerodynamics, engine and missile body structure.
Jiuquan launch site. Like ordinary scientists and technicians, Qian Xuesen sleeps in tents, eats coarse grains and organizes missile tests, calculations, analysis and research. Under the difficult conditions of the sudden withdrawal of all experts from the former Soviet Union, he led China scientists to overcome various difficulties and successfully conducted the flight test of China's first missile on June 5, 1960+065438. Nie said happily at the scene: "This is an important turning point in the history of China's military equipment." 1966, 10/0 On October 27th, Qian Xuesen participated in the flight explosion test of China's first medium and short-range surface-to-surface missile with a nuclear warhead, that is, the "two-bomb combination" test of an atomic bomb and a missile. The successful explosion of a nuclear warhead over a predetermined location shocked the world. China's national defense modernization has once again achieved a historic leap.
As a great scientist, Qian Xuesen is always forward-looking. Shortly after the successful launch of the first missile, Qian Xuesen organized relevant experts to discuss the development path of China's surface-to-surface missiles, formed the Opinions on the Development Path of China's Surface-to-Surface Missiles, and put forward the long-term development plan of China's short-range, medium-range, medium-range and intercontinental missiles. Subsequently, ground-to-air missiles, coastal defense missiles, solid engines, solid missiles, anti-missile systems and launch vehicles were also launched under his organization and coordination. 1965, 1 In June, he submitted a report to the Central Committee, suggesting that the research plan of China's satellites should be made as soon as possible and included in the national task. The engineering code of China's first artificial satellite was thus designated as "65 1 project", and Qian Xuesen was responsible for the overall technical coordination and implementation of the "satellite-arrow-ground system". 1On April 24th, 970, China's first artificial satellite "Dongfanghong-1" roamed the space, announcing to the world that the new China had ushered in the dawn of the space age.
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Qian Xuesen is one of the founders of China's military high technology. He not only made outstanding contributions to the cause of "two bombs and one satellite", but also put forward high-level important ideas and viewpoints for China's military scientific research, and directly advocated the establishment and development of military system engineering and military operations research. As early as the late 1970s, Qian Xuesen profoundly expounded the idea that "war is a science". He pointed out: "modern science and technology should be used to study the laws of war and war science, which has formed modern military science."
After painstaking research, Qian Xuesen made a complete exposition of the military science system in his written speeches from 65438 to 0998. He pointed out: "In military science, the basic theory level is military science, the technical theory level is military operational research, and the applied technology level is military system engineering." He defined the role and function of military system engineering as "using modern scientific and technological methods to better solve practical problems in the implementation of military lines and strategies", and summarized the main problems to be solved as follows: combat simulation; Demonstration of design scheme, determination of tactical and technical indicators and effectiveness evaluation of weapon equipment system; Organization and management of logistics system; Design of operational command system; Quantitative analysis of strategic issues and war simulation.
1978 In May, at the suggestion of Qian Xuesen and others, our army began the research pilot work of military operations research and system engineering, and the Academy of Military Sciences established the first research and analysis institution of military operations research. Nowadays, military operations research and military system engineering have been widely used in the study of our army's strategy and tactics, troop establishment system and troop structure, and have achieved fruitful results.
Regarding China's national defense strategy, Qian Xuesen put forward a series of important suggestions with overall situation, foresight and feasibility. In the 1980s, he pointed out that by the beginning of the 20th century, "small-scale fighting" in some areas might be our main war style. If we want to keep some elite troops that can fight immediately, we should seriously solve this problem in terms of military establishment and equipment. These suggestions have been highly valued by the military leading organs and have been reflected in practice. He also made many important suggestions on China's national defense strategy and the reform and development of its military industry. He also put forward the viewpoint that military enterprises should implement "civil-military integration" and civilian enterprises should implement "integration of defense and civilian technologies", and the viewpoint of transforming military enterprises with "flexible automatic production system", which provided important ideas for the reform of military enterprises and the mobilization preparation of civilian enterprises in wartime.
In his later years, Qian Xuesen also emphasized the interdisciplinary research of military science. From 65438 to 0999, he went to visit his leading comrades of the General Assembly and the Academy of Military Sciences and pointed out that the development of science is inseparable from the intersection, interaction and mutual reference of various disciplines. National defense construction is a big system, and all the problems encountered in practice are big, but experts often look at the problems from their own majors, which has great limitations. We should advocate mutual exchanges and discussions between disciplines.
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It is Qian Xuesen's long-cherished wish to seek the long-term development of China's military high-tech and military modernization. Therefore, with the foresight of scientists, he put forward the strategic view of training national defense and military scientific and technological talents. Starting from 1985, Qian Xuesen talked about the topic of "scientific and technological talents" many times. Qian Xuesen said: "Now it is required to train a group of scientific and technological talents, that is, a group of engineers, scientists and thinkers"; When a competent person leads a clear goal, he should consider it from basic application to engineering practice. Qian Xuesen supports new disciplines and fosters marginal disciplines, and every innovative viewpoint and idea can be encouraged. He said: "We should advocate innovative thinking and let practice test whether it is correct."
As early as 1986, Qian Xuesen believed that the high-tech revolution would bring about the rapid development of military technology and the army would become a knowledge-intensive department. All kinds of advanced weapon systems will be widely used in future wars, and the battlefield situation is complex, which puts forward higher requirements for commanders' scientific, technological, cultural and military literacy. After analyzing the cultural level of foreign military officers and our military officers, he keenly pointed out that in order to cope with the possible future war, military cadres should gradually reach the cultural level above university, teachers should have master's degrees, military cadres should have doctors, and the cultural level of soldiers should be improved accordingly. His foresight has been highly valued by the Central Military Commission and the headquarters.
Qian Xuesen, who is 90 years old this year, is still always concerned about the progress of national defense high technology and military modernization. He told the leading comrades of the Central Military Commission who came to visit him that we should pay close attention to the strategic study of scientific and technological development and the construction of talent teams. The reporter saw in Qian's hometown that there was a model of "Shenzhou" spacecraft in the most conspicuous place on the bookshelf opposite his sofa. Through the flying Shenzhou, his wise eyes always look at the soaring future of the motherland.
*-"Marxist philosophy is the source of wisdom!"
*-"I have studied Marxist philosophy for nearly 30 years and have always tried to guide my work with Marxist philosophy."
*-"A Marxist will never love the people and his country."
*-"I'm just a drop in the ocean, very small. What is really great is the people of China, China and People's Republic of China (PRC)! "
*-"My career is in China, my achievements are in China, and my home is in China."
During my stay in the United States, I was asked several times if I had saved any insurance money, and I said I had not saved any money.
Because I come from China, I don't plan to live in the United States all my life.
*-"I spent the first three or four years in the United States studying and the last ten years working. All this is in preparation for doing something for the people after returning home. Because I am from China. "
*-"don't people who engage in science just want data and formulas? People who engage in science also need inspiration, and many of my inspirations are realized from art. "
I think today's science and technology is not only natural science and engineering technology, but the whole knowledge system that people know and transform the objective world.
*-"We can't follow the trend. This is not the spirit of science. The most important thing in the scientific spirit is innovation. "
*-"I can't leave the vast number of scientific and technological personnel" (the unit wants to build a house for him, but he firmly disagrees)
*-"My name is money, but I don't love money. Personally, I'm just a drop in the ocean. What is really great is the party, the people and our country. "