-From the Pre-Qin Dynasty: Interpretation of Xunzi Persuasion by Xun Kuang: Therefore, wood can be straightened after being measured with ink lines, and metal products such as swords can be sharpened after being ground on a millstone. A gentleman learns from others, and he will be wise and knowledgeable if he checks himself many times a day, and his behavior will not be wrong. 2. Ceng Zi said, "I visit three times a day: Are you unfaithful to others? Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? " -Interpretation of Confucius' Analects of Confucius in Vernacular Chinese Learning in the Spring and Autumn Period: Ceng Zi said: "I have to reflect on myself many times every day: Have I done my best for others? Are you honest with your friends? Has the knowledge taught by the teacher been reviewed on time? " 3, Confucius said: "See the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage and introspect."
-Interpretation of Confucius's "The Analects of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period" in the vernacular: Confucius said: When you see a person with virtue and talent, you should think about learning from him. When you see a person without virtue, you should reflect on whether you have the same mistakes as him. 4. Confucius said, "In a threesome, there must be a teacher.
Choose the good and follow it, and change the bad and follow it "—— Interpretation of Confucius' The Analects of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Annals in the vernacular: Several people are traveling together, among them there must be my teacher. Choose their good places to learn and adopt, and correct their bad places.
5. Confucius said: "It is better to see good than not to see good, and to see bad is like exploring soup; I have seen him and listened to him. Living in seclusion for ambition, doing righteousness and achieving Tao; I heard what he said, but I didn't see him. "
-Interpretation of Confucius's "The Analects of Confucius Ji's Spring and Autumn Period" in vernacular Chinese: Confucius said: "Seeing good behavior, worry can't be achieved. When you see bad behavior, you will avoid it as quickly as putting your hand in boiling water. I have seen such people and heard such words.
Live in seclusion to preserve one's ambition and act according to righteousness. I have heard such words, but I have never seen such a person. "
2. Five classical Chinese articles on historical reflection and discussion 1. Ten thoughts on admonishing Taizong Wei Zhi.
If you are a gentleman, if you can see what you want, you will quit willingly; If you can do things, you will want to go to Zhi Zhi to help others; High-risk is modest and self-grazing; Afraid of flooding, I think of rivers and seas and go downstream; If you travel by music CD, you will think of three drives; If you are worried about slacking off, start cautiously and end with respect; If you care, you will think modestly and accept it; If you want to slander evil, you think it is evil; If you add grace, you will think there is no reason to be happy; If you are punished, you will think that there is no abuse of punishment because of anger. The sum of these ten thoughts, Hongzi Jiude. Do what you can and follow the fate, then the wise will do their best, the brave will do their best, the benevolent will benefit widely, and the believers will be loyal. In the civil-military dispute, the monarch and the minister have nothing to do, so they can travel to Henan as much as possible, support Joe's life, and play the piano without saying anything. Why bother to think hard, take over the post, serve the eyes and ears of wisdom, and lose the way of inaction?
2. On your Xiaomi and Chao Cuo
When the holy king ascended the throne, the people were not frozen or hungry. They could not only plow the fields to eat, but also weave and dress, so as to open the door to wealth. Therefore, Yao and Yu had nine years of water and seven years of drought in soup, and the country did not donate barren land, so they mostly used livestock to prepare first. Today, the sea is one, and the people on the land will not avoid Tang Yu, and they will die of natural disasters for several years, but the livestock can't accumulate. The land has its advantages, the people have the rest, the land where the grain was born has not been reclaimed, the benefits of mountains and rivers have not been exhausted, and the people who traveled far for food have not returned to agriculture.
3. Six countries on Su Xun
The downfall of the six countries was not bad for soldiers, but bad for war and Qin. If you are guilty of Qin, you will lose your vitality, and you will be defeated. Or: the six countries mourn each other and lead the way to Qin Ye? Say: those who don't pay bribes will be lost. Gai lost his strong support and couldn't finish it alone. So the drawback lies in the bribery of Qin.
4. Lu Chunqiu checked in.
Shanghai violates the law of the king? If you are immoral, you will be punished for it. The law of the former dynasty, from the end of the world, is also beneficial to people and harmful to people. Can Hu get the law? Although people have profits and losses, it is still a rule not to get them.
Every law of the late king must be timely. Time does not exist with the law. Although the law exists today, it is still impossible. Therefore, the former king's interpretation of the law and the law are the law. Why did the late king become a Buddhist practitioner? The reason why the late king was the protector is that people are human beings and people are human beings. Therefore, you can know people by looking at yourself, and you can know the past by looking at today. Ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, people are like me. A person who has a way is more valuable in knowing the distance from the near, knowing the ancient from the present and seeing what he knows.
5. On Su Shi's theory of punishing evil and promoting good.
Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Cheng and Kang, how much you love and care about the people and treat the world with gentlemen and elders! There is a kind of goodness to reward it, to praise and lament it, so appreciate it from beginning to end. If there is something bad, we must punish it, and then we must lament the punishment, so we are abandoned and exploited. Therefore, it is called the voice of Yu, happy but sad, and can be found in the book Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Cheng, Kang, Li and Zhou Dao all began to decline, but he still ordered to punish Minister Lv Hou with auspicious punishment. His words are sad without hurting, strong without anger, broken with love, sad without evil, and Confucius still has something to recommend.
6. Su Shi, who teaches war and defense.
Later generations regarded pedantic Confucianism as the theory, and joining the army was the pinnacle of the king. When the world is established, it is hidden. Decades later, the soldiers in Jia Bing were cheated, but the people were content to be happy every day; If there are thieves and policemen, they are afraid to talk and leave without fighting. At the turn of the century, wouldn't the world be ruled? Only its people are satisfied with the joy of peace and indulge in games, wine and food; His courage is strong, his sales are dull, he is weak and no longer vibrates. It is only based on the appearance of Lushan Mountain. People in all directions, animals running for birds, begging for prisoners, the world is divided, and the Tang room is solid.
The translation of classical Chinese is basically the same as the translation on the first floor, but the last sentence is different.
"Don't learn?" In, Zhu's "De >"; ; There is a note that says:
To carry on the family line means to obey the teacher. Learning is to be familiar with yourself.
I mean, can I remember what the teacher taught me? Focus on keeping the knowledge of sages and inheriting the "Tao" of former teachers.
As for the translation of "I reflect on myself three times a day", because the meaning of classical Chinese is simple and vague, this sentence can be understood as "I reflect on myself many times a day" At the same time, because the following passage clearly points out three things I want to reflect on, it can also be translated as "I use three things to reflect on myself every day" How to translate this sentence does not affect the general idea of the full text. The emphasis is on being strict with yourself.
So, the general idea is.
Ceng Zi (Zeng Shen) said, "I reflect on myself with three things every day: whether I try my best to give advice to others, whether I am honest with my friends, and whether I study hard from my teachers."
4. I hope the classical Chinese about learning will help you: a gentleman said: you can't learn.
Green is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice, water, but colder than water. The wood is straight in the middle of the rope, the hammer is a wheel, and its curve is in the middle of the gauge.
Although there are (and) storms (exposure), those who no longer stand up will let it be natural. Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, the gold is sharp, the gentleman is knowledgeable, and he saves himself every day, so he knows clearly without fault.
So, if you don't climb the mountain, you don't know the height of the sky. Don't face the deep stream, I don't know the thickness of the ground; I didn't know the greatness of learning until I heard the last words of my late king. The sons of Gan, Yue, Yi and Xun are born with the same voice, long and different, and naturally teach them.
The poem says, "Dear Sir, there is no constant rest. Jing Gonger, goodness is integrity.
Listen to God and you will be blessed. "God is greater than Tao, and joy is greater than harmlessness.
I've been thinking about it all day. I might as well learn it in a minute. I've tasted it and I'm looking forward to it. Let's go hiking.
Climb a trick, the arm does not lengthen, but the person you see is far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious. Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim.
A gentleman's life (xìng) is the same, and goodness is illusory. In the south, there is a bird named Meng Dui, whose nest is feathers, whose hair is woven and whose reed is tied. When the wind breaks, the egg broken child dies.
The nest is endless, but so are the people connected with it. There is a kind of wood in the west called Shegan. Its stem is four inches long, and it was born on a high mountain. However, in the abyss, the wooden pole can't grow out, but it stands naturally.
In the bitter fleabane bitter fleabane, I can't bear to go straight; White sand is nirvana, and it is black. Lan Huaigen is zhi, and his gradual fall (incarnation) makes a gentleman unwilling to kiss and refuse to accept.
Its quality is not beautiful, but it is also gradual. Therefore, a gentleman must choose his hometown when he is born, and he must be a scholar when he travels. Therefore, we must also guard against evil and righteousness.
Everything has a beginning and an end. When honor or disgrace comes, it will be like virtue.
A rotten adult makes a fish wither into a moth (dU). Ignoring and forgetting your body is a disaster.
Strong cultivation, soft cultivation. Evil is in the body, and resentment is in the structure.
Wages are the same, the fire is dry, the ground is the same, and the water is wet. Vegetation is born, birds and animals are numerous, and things are human beings.
Is a piece of nature, bows and arrows are very important; Lin, and the axe is heavy; Trees provide shade, but birds rest. Acyl acid, but Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.
Therefore, words are troublesome, actions are humiliating, and gentlemen are cautious about words! Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared. Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river.
Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu. Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved.
Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink the yellow land with their hearts. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake hole has no sustenance, it's also impetuous.
Therefore, people with ulterior motives have no bright future; He made much ado about nothing, which has nothing to do with hehe. Those who follow the right path will not come, and those who follow the right path will not allow it.
Eyes can't see, ears can't hear. The viper flies without feet, and the mouse is poor in five skills.
"Poetry" said: "The corpse dove is in Sang, and her son is seven. A good gentleman with noble character is always a polite person.
Its clumsy, heart knot! "So the gentleman with a also. I used to play drums, but the fish flowed out to listen; Boya Guqin, while Liu Ma raises Yuan.
Therefore, the sound is not small but not heard, and the line is not hidden but not shaped. Jade is moist in the mountains, pearls are born in the deep, and cliffs are not withered.
Do good without accumulating evil? Did anyone not hear? Learn evil from scratch? Evil in the end? Yue: its number begins with chanting and ends with reading ceremony; Its significance begins with being a scholar and ends with being a saint. If you really accumulate strength for a long time, you will enter, and if you learn, you will stop. Therefore, there is an end to the number of students. If it is just, it cannot be abandoned for a moment.
For it, people are also; Give up, so do animals. Therefore, this book is the discipline of political affairs; Poet, the stop of the middle voice; Etiquette, the main points of law, class discipline.
Therefore, learning must stop at ceremony. Husband is called the extreme of morality.
The respect of ceremony, the harmony of music, the abundance of poetry and books, the micro-spring and autumn, between heaven and earth. The learning of a gentleman is also in the ear, in the heart, in the four bodies, and in the dynamic shape.
Finally, as long as you move, you can become law. The knowledge of villains is also heard, not spoken; Between the mouth and ears, four inches, seven feet of beauty! Ancient scholars were themselves, and today's scholars are people.
The study of a gentleman is also for beauty; Little people learn that birds are calves. Therefore, if you don't ask, you will be proud of it, and if you ask, you will be proud of it.
Proud, no, ooh, no; A gentleman is like a ring. Learn not to be close to others.
Rites and music are not mentioned, poetry and books are not cut, and the Spring and Autumn Period is unhappy. If you learn from a gentleman, you will respect him all over the world.
Therefore, learning ink is almost close to people. Learning classics is not as fast as learning good people, followed by long rituals.
You can't be a good person in the world, and you can't be a gift in the next life. Ante can learn miscellaneous knowledge, poetry and books. Then, in the last poor years, it is inevitable that there will be rude Confucianism.
The original king, benevolence and righteousness, then courtesy is in its latitude and longitude. If you pat your collar with five fingers, there will be countless followers.
If you don't respect the constitution, take the poetry book as an example, and refer to the river, the millet and the cone-shaped rice pot, you can't get it. Therefore, although Longli is unknown, he is also a lawyer; If you don't give a long gift, you will scatter Confucianism, although you will argue.
If you ask, don't sue; Don't ask if you told anyone; Don't listen to those who talk. Don't argue with people who live up to expectations.
Therefore, we should learn from it and then pick it up; Avoid it unless it is the way. Therefore, return the courtesy before you can talk to the parties; Words are fluent, and then words and deeds can be consistent and justified; Therefore, color can be followed by words and actions.
Therefore, it cannot be said in words that this is pride; Can have nothing to say, that is hidden; In terms of color, it is called sorrow. Therefore, a gentleman is not proud, not hiding, not jealous, let nature take its course.
The poem says: "bandits are free, and the son of heaven gives them." This is also called.
One shot in every shot is not good enough to shoot; A thousand miles is not enough, and good is not enough; Learning badly is because ethics has nothing to do with human nature. Those who learn well will learn well.
Once in the way, once in the way, the person who draws the lane is also; There are fewer good people, more bad people, and stealing feet. All the people, and scholars. A gentleman knows that her husband is not perfect and can't think of beauty, so he recites it consistently and thinks it over, so as to treat others and educate people.
Let eyes don't want to see, mouth don't want to say, and heart don't want to worry. When you are good at time, your eyes are good with five colors, your ears are good with five tones, your mouth is good with five flavors, and your heart benefits the world.
Therefore, rights cannot be dumped, the masses cannot be moved, and the world cannot be shaken. Life depends on reason, death depends on reason, and husband is called virtue.
Fuck, then you decide, then you decide, then you respond. If a husband can respond positively, he is an adult.
The sky sees its light and the earth sees its light, and the gentleman values all this. Translation.