1, advocate "learning is doubtful" and oppose superstition and blind obedience. Li Zhi himself is a person who dares to challenge authority and power, and dares to explore the eternal truth that others think. In the Ming dynasty, Confucian classics were regarded as the supreme theory. He thought that those thoughts could not be wrong in the author's time, but they should not be regarded as "the supreme theory of all ages" as time went by. We should use the spirit of doubt to boldly question, refute and dispel doubts until we realize the truth. He pointed out in Guanyin question: "If an economist does not doubt, it is a serious illness. Only when his doubts are repeatedly broken, so breaking doubts is enlightenment. " Whether reading or studying, doubt is the foundation.

2. Advocate the diversification of teaching content and oppose the simplification of teaching content. Li Zhi believes that Confucian classics cannot be the only content of teaching. He wrote in Miscellanies of Childlike Heart: "Those who are childlike are sincere. If childlike innocence is indispensable, so is sincerity. A child's heart is absolutely false and naive, and it is also the beginning of the first reading. If you lose childlike innocence, you lose sincerity, and if you lose sincerity, you lose reality. People are not true and have no beginning. Boys, the beginning of life; Childishness is also in the initial heart. " He believes that new ideas or new ideas are often preconceived. In order to keep people from losing their "childlike innocence", children should be less indoctrinated by outdated and backward concepts in the process of growing up, but should extensively dabble in all kinds of knowledge, broaden their horizons and study in depth.

3. Advocate the establishment of teacher-friend relationship and oppose snobbery. He believes that "it is difficult to learn alone, but only friends are beneficial", and he "does not dare to take teaching as his own responsibility"; It is believed that the teacher-student relationship should be both a teacher-student relationship and a friend relationship, and the two are equal. This is not only the basis of learning, but also can promote mutual progress and learning and achieve common improvement. In Macheng, he met a large number of teachers and friends with such ideas. Such as Geng Theorem of Hong 'an, Mei Guozhen of Macheng and Wang Keshou of Huangmei.

4. Advocate "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and oppose the suppression of students. Li Zhi thought that "each has his own life and his own hope", and things in the world are very different, so we should admit their personality differences. He stressed that in teaching, we should fully develop students' personalities, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, suit their needs, oppose the rigid principle of "strength is uniform", obliterate students' personalities, and not condescend to suppress students' spirituality.

5. advocate learning to be excellent and be an official, and oppose learning for profit. He believes that the purpose of learning is not to seek officials, fame and profit, but to "manage money in a timely manner and learn from others." He should have good moral cultivation, learn skills well, be able to distinguish right from wrong, be considerate, be able to help the people through the world, be concerned about "the pain of the people in the world" and be used for "governing the world".

In addition, he advocates equality between men and women and opposes discrimination against girls. It is under the influence of these educational thoughts that Li Zhi has thousands of students in Macheng. Not only that, his thoughts penetrated into all social strata, and cultivated a large number of heavyweights, such as Sanyuan Brothers, the representative of the famous literary school Gong 'an School, Wang Keshou, a native of Huangmei County, the minister of war, and Yang, a diligent writer and bibliophile in Ming Dynasty.