After reading Tao Te Ching 1 I can't understand the original text of Tao Te Ching, so I did some thinking from the description of the translation.
The analysis scope of Tao Te Ching focuses on the non-material side, analyzing individuals and collectives. The scale of personal analysis is ordinary people and saints. Collective analysis focuses on morality to promote the collective to run in a better direction, and the scale of collective analysis is "you" and "I".
People, human society and everything in the world always feel that it is not comprehensive to generalize by philosophy and science, so I like to use "material" and "immaterial" to get two ranges. Since the beginning of human civilization, there has been endless curiosity and exploration in both material and non-material fields. From ancient times to the present, people will certainly explore from now on.
The focus of philosophy is the scope of "immateriality", and the focus of Tao Te Ching is also the scope of "immateriality", but the scales of the two are different. There are indeed great differences between eastern philosophy and western philosophy in content, but the content is "immaterial", which is quite important. I think the root cause of this difference is the different environment of religious belief.
Go a little further and go back to the Tao Te Ching. What is the focus of Tao Te Ching? The point is that a person should have morality, and a society should attach importance to morality. Why is this happening? Because people in China teach by people, and judge right and wrong by people. But some people judge right and wrong by God, so different support forms different contrasts. I remember the BBC documentary about the influence of Catholicism on people's lives. You can go and have a look if you are interested. Because my father taught me how to be a man, who can't be a man and how to be a man from an early age, this teaching of measuring right and wrong by employing people really shaped me. My evaluation of my past here is only a statement of facts.
Tao Te Ching is actually a summary based on moral thinking. Viewed from the side, people's morality had reached that level at that time. Tao Te Ching is based on the measurement, development and achievement between people. Tao Te Ching explained that at that time we measured right and wrong by people. There is a price to pay for maintaining self-existence. To maintain a person's existence is to maintain one's own standards. The existence of saints is to maintain the standards of saints.
Actually, I'm not very interested in what the Tao Te Ching is. Why is there a Tao Te Ching? The answer has been given above. I think one thing here is very important. Philosophy can't solve all problems, but it focuses on the analysis of the scope of "immateriality", but man is composed of material and immateriality. People who study philosophy should not forget science.
After reading the Tao Te Ching, I just finished reading the Tao Te Ching, from which I got a lot of inspiration. The author Lao Zi is a famous thinker and philosopher in ancient China. This book is Laozi's way of troubled times and philosophy of life, not the moral textbook I thought. Of course, I only read more than 20 pages, but because of my limited understanding ability, I will be able to understand two or three of the ten after reading the whole book.
First of all, Lao Tzu summed up the changes of natural phenomena and social phenomena at that time, and everything changed in the opposite direction. It is pointed out that the general principle of "extremes must be reversed" is valid in any respect.
Secondly, I understand the life world, look at the attitude of life, advocate gentleness, courtesy and thrift, and oppose strong enterprising. My thought is inaction.
Now people generally think that his thoughts are negative, but in fact, his thoughts contain more love for the working people. He hopes to influence the ruling class through his own thoughts, so that ordinary people can get more self-restraint and live and work in peace.
I think "inaction" contains the guiding ideology of letting nature take its course and not being forced, so it can penetrate into all aspects of life. For example, you can also create your own ideas on educational ideas. As the saying goes, learning is a blind and voluntary thing. Only when students take the initiative to learn and regard learning as a happy thing can they succeed in learning, which requires us educators to guide students to learn happily, easily, blindly and voluntarily in educational theory. Governing education by doing nothing is not to ignore it, but to guide it according to the situation and never to encourage it. Not conforming to the laws of nature, abusing all kinds of growth hormones, not respecting children's wishes, and consciously participating in all kinds of Olympic math, learning piano, playing violin and other training are often counterproductive.
At the same time, Lao Tzu's thought of "extremes meet" seems to predict today's society. The so-called culture, technology and modernization pursued by human beings should all serve human beings, but environmental pollution, energy depletion, progress in consumption rate, rising unemployment rate and widening gap between the rich and the poor all seem to be closely related to the so-called high technology. People work to keep their jobs and have no time to care about themselves and their families. When they have time, they have no money; when they have money, they have no time. Or neither. How can such a society be said to be beautiful? After a high degree of prosperity, mankind should return to something, so as not to go to the extreme and go to the other side, to the point of irretrievability.
Laozi was a great thinker in ancient China. Now, his influence in the world far exceeds that of Confucius. Laozi's theory is "mysterious and mysterious", but I haven't been able to find the "door of wonders". There are too many people who have studied Laozi since ancient times, but I always think that it is more meaningful for individuals to realize the philosophy of life such as "extremes meet" and "governing by doing nothing". I think many of his ideas are worth pondering.
Reflections on reading Tao Te Ching III. The book Tao Te Ching is not a book about manners such as dealing with people, but an ancient book that guides life from a philosophical point of view. The code of conduct advocated by Confucianism can be said to be put forward under the social conditions at that time, which is beneficial to the social order at that time. It should be remembered in real life (mainly in the Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period). It can be said that it is a lesson from the past and a development and continuation of the ruling thought of the Western Zhou Dynasty. On the other hand, I mainly seek and experience from the vast world, and then give some lessons to life. Compared with Confucianism, it combines the interests of nature with the interests of the world, unlike Confucianism, which combines the interests of nature with the interests of people. Confucian views are heavy and solemn, and solemnity is to show off power; Taoism is clear, profound and carefree.
Contemporary people look at ancient events with today's eyes, even if they are conscious and objective, they can't meet them in the situation of the parties, and today's stereotypes will still play a role. Tao is like law, but it is not. I can't speak with my heart, just say, "Tao can speak, but it is extraordinary." The universe breeds the way of nature, and the way of nature breeds various rules. The truth we can know and understand is the naturally occurring "existence", which is a carrier, or, in other words, the law (the law is not the Tao). Heaven, earth and people all belong to their Tao, and they merge into a common Tao. "Four realms" are the carriers of Tao, and people are also the products of various carriers. Therefore, how does the Law of Man and Land demonstrate that the avenue is "in a daze"? Why do you know that what you are doing is in line with the Tao? In my humble opinion, I said, "stand by and watch it." Once morality starts from Tao, whether there is a theory of intersection, combination of yin and yang, and coexistence of reality and falsehood is called dialectics. Look at the results of your actions with a bystander's mentality, and feel it first! By analogy with water, we can see the criterion. "I don't know, I don't know this disease. My husband is just sick, so he is not sick. A saint is not sick, but because he is sick. My husband is just sick, so he is not sick. " This is introspection, which is dialectical rationality.
Tao is the foundation of virtue, but the content of this book is different. One day: Tao Te Ching; One day: moral classics. Morality is the center of Tao and the symbol of Tao. So we can ask two questions: Does virtue come first, then the Tao? Or do you understand morality first? If you blindly seek Tao, you will always doubt its virtue; You can pursue virtue, but you will also fall into different vain ways. , this is difficult! Everyone has a way. Who wants to respect him and abandon himself? What is the right way, and there will be constant disputes? This is contrary to "abandoning wisdom", and I am afraid this is also what I am worried about.
But in any case, Lao Tzu's thought is a bright star, and there is still something worth learning from, and I am afraid it will be further developed in the future.
Reflections on the Book of Tao Te Ching 4 Laozi's Book of Tao Te Ching is a very good Chinese treasure, which contains rich philosophy of life. I remember following them when I was a child. This name can be named, which is very famous. "At that time, I didn't know where it came from, let alone what it meant. After several years, I still can't fully understand this masterpiece of Taoism again, but at least I have some feelings.
Tao Te Ching advocates abstinence and inaction. For thousands of years, from emperors and generals to ordinary people, they have learned the essence of governing the country and the people, cultivating self-cultivation and establishing a life from this book of wisdom in the history of human civilization. Nowadays, with the development of social science and the rapid development of social economy, people's material wealth is getting richer and richer, while their spiritual wealth is getting poorer and poorer, and the phenomenon of moral decay is getting more and more serious. I think we should find our own law of life from Laozi's Tao Te Ching, instead of drifting with the tide. Meditation is the foundation of peace of mind. When people's state of mind reaches an empty state, they will always maintain a modest and prudent style, and they will make practical moves, do practical things and seek practical results in society, life and work.
People often say that those who read history are wise, and those who read classics are wise. Laozi said in the seventeenth chapter of Tao Te Ching that "Tao always does nothing and does everything". Laozi's inaction thought does not mean that he is passive and does nothing, which is a misunderstanding of Laozi's Tao Te Ching. Laozi's original intention is to teach people to follow the path, not to do anything, but to do something. Only by "not acting rashly" can we make great achievements, that is to say, "not acting rashly" is the guarantee of making achievements. What is "promising"? Playing a good social role, doing a good job and taking on family responsibilities is "doing something." Yes, in today's world-disputing society, if he can devote himself wholeheartedly to his work, then his mentality must always be in a state of meditation and purity. Without entering a state of meditation and purity, he can't restrain his restless heart. In other words, God doesn't think outside, so meditation and purity of mind are the premise and premise of doing all the work wholeheartedly.
Tao Te Ching is concise, full of words, inspiring and thought-provoking, which fully shows Lao Zi's solid writing skills and innovative ability. I really admire you! Coupled with some classic examples, the finishing touch, wonderful pen, far-reaching artistic conception. Take care of the previous article, sublimate the theme, express the author's own feelings incisively and vividly, and give people a feeling of infinite touching and melancholy. It is really the best in the article and the perfect pen in ancient Chinese!
Laozi read the Tao Te Ching and wrote in it: "Goodness is like water. Water is the goodness of all things, and water is the evil of all people, so it is better than Tao. Living in a good place, kind-hearted, kind-hearted, good at words, good at politics, good at doing things, good at dealing with people. Husband does not dispute, so the weather is particularly good. " Being good as water is the highest state of life.
Water is selfless dedication. There is an old saying: "A drop of water is rewarded with a spring." Where there is water, there is life. As the source of life, water selflessly gives its glittering and translucent body like all things, but does not ask for a penny. When the heat enveloped everything on the earth, when the contiguous land cracked one after another, water became another gesture, falling from the sky and becoming a shower, nourishing all beings.
Water is indifferent to fame and fortune. Zhuangzi said: "A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water." Light as a mountain spring, natural and pure; Light as a trickle, clear and transparent; As light as an acre of square pond, it is calm. Water, with its low posture, walks through the rugged land, never competing with people, but quietly and leisurely reclaiming the garden of life, with songs and songs flowing. It has no hollow reputation, only knows how to be quiet and far away, and flows leisurely to the distance.
Water has its broad mind. Because of tolerance, there is a vast sea; Because of tolerance, there is a stream deep in the forest; Because of tolerance, there is a rolling river. All-encompassing, the shadows are flowing, giving the sun, the moon and the stars a dream world. Rivers do not choose small streams, so they can become deep, and water does not choose the best to eliminate the bad. But to accept everything with a tolerant attitude, clean and dust.
Water is modest and open-minded. With its lowest posture, the water walks through the mountains and rivers of the land and leans over to kiss the land on that side. Even in the highest place, it will find a gap to jump, then break into pieces and return to its place of life, thus forming a beautiful scenery-waterfall. Water is never arrogant, even if it feeds people with the rice they need, it flows silently. It teaches rice to hang its head even if it is rich, and humbly waits for people to harvest fresh food, thus creating people's three meals a day.
Water is not only the source of our life, but also an example of our life. The human heart is like water. They are indifferent to fame and fortune, quiet and indifferent, intoxicated in the realm of life, strolling in the leisurely elegance of water, listening to running water and thinking about life philosophy.
Kindness, like water, explains the quality of life with its selfless dedication, indifference to fame and fortune, tolerance and openness, which is always the highest realm of mankind and the height we can't reach.
After reading Tao Te Ching, I feel that "Tao can be Tao, but it is extraordinary ..." The sound of reading echoed in the campus. Since the school launched the reading activity of "being friends with sages and walking with classics", there is a neat and rhythmic sound of reading on campus every day.
When the teacher held the Tao Te Ching for the first time and told us that it was the precious cultural heritage of our Chinese nation, I secretly made up my mind to study it seriously.
However, when the teacher led us to read the Tao Te Ching in a clear voice for the first time, I felt dull and uninterested in learning. Even so, I don't forget to read every day, and gradually I find that I like it. So every morning, with the singing of birds and the rising sun, I sit on the balcony and start reading in the morning while enjoying the fresh air. It opened a door to my heart and showed me how to be an upright person, a person who does not pursue fame and fortune, and a healthy and uplifting person from an early age.
After reading the Tao Te Ching, I gradually found myself careless in my original homework, thinking quietly and patiently, and the scribbled handwriting in my original homework became much more correct. From reading classic books, I also realized some principles of being a man. For example, in the article, "Those who know others are wise, and those who know themselves are clear; The winner is strong, and the loser is strong. "It tells us that a person should not only be able to defeat others, but also have the courage to defeat himself. "
Tao Te Ching has benefited me a lot. "Forever and ever. The reason why heaven and earth are so long is that they can live forever because they are not born. It puts saints and bodies first; Living outside your body. Not because of its selfless evil? Therefore, it can be private. " It means that heaven and earth can last forever because they don't live for themselves, they exist naturally, so they can last forever. Therefore, the sage put himself behind, but he was respected. He put himself outside, but he saved himself. Isn't it because saints are not selfish? That's why he is himself.
Inaction is a kind of mentality, a kind of cultivation and dialectical. From the old point of view, advocating inaction to the society is helpful to the stability of the country. However, if we stand at the height of historical development, one-sided inaction will not help the progress of mankind. Therefore, for contemporary young people, to understand the ancient old theory of governing by doing nothing, we should treat it dialectically and treat it in two. "Good people follow it, and bad people change it."
In dealing with competition, we should dare to meet challenges, treat failure and inequality with a normal heart, and change or adapt with appropriate methods, instead of blindly killing the larger foe. This will help you save yourself and achieve ultimate success. Only accumulation will flourish. Similarly, "inaction" is used to tolerate people in contemporary life. "All rivers run into the sea, with great tolerance, towering walls and materialistic justice."
Zeng Guofan, a famous minister in the late Qing Dynasty, said after reading the Tao Te Ching: "Either a saint or an animal." Confucius is the originator of Confucianism and is respected as a saint. Since ancient times, the most admired and longed for by scholars is to become a saint.
So how can I become a saint? Laozi, the teacher of saints, said in Chapter 71 of Tao Te Ching: "It is not bad to know; I don't know. I'm sick. The saint is not ill, because he is ill. My husband is just sick, so he is not sick. " Laozi believes that a saint has no disease, that is, there are no mistakes. The reason why he can avoid mistakes is because the saint regards his mistakes as a major event, and immediately tries to correct them when he knows them, so he goes up in smoke. Later, Confucius said something similar, which is well known to all women and children: "Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is also."
Is this the right way to ask a saint? Let me give you a few examples first. In ancient times, when Yao Shunyu was in power in Huang San, there was a drum in front of the government for people to point out the shortcomings of current politics when playing. In both the ruling and the opposition, there are groups of lecturers who speak freely. Because the faults of the rulers were corrected in time, the politics were clear, the country was prosperous and the people were safe, so the three men are still respected as great saints in governing the country. It is said that in the Spring and Autumn Period, Dr. Wei's sage Mi reflected on the mistakes of the previous day every day and recorded them, warning himself not to make the same mistakes again. In this way, by the year when he knew his destiny, all the mistakes of the first 49 years had been corrected. With 50 years of persistence, he made himself a perfect saint, and also managed the country in an orderly way, securing the princes outside and winning the hearts of the people inside. Even Confucius often praised him. Then there is Ceng Zi, who left a famous saying in The Analects to warn the world. He said I would save myself three times a day. But he himself is really a gentleman who is consistent with his words and deeds.
There is a story in Confucius' Family Talk about Ceng Zi being beaten by his father. When he was beaten, he not only did not persuade his father to stop, but told him to fight as hard as he could. He thought he was very filial. Later, Confucius pointed out that his behavior was foolish and filial, and he almost trapped his father in injustice. After hearing this, Ceng Zi suddenly realized that he was guilty. He thanked Confucius for his creation. In this story, Ceng Zi doesn't know filial piety, but thinks he is very filial. In Laozi's words, it is "ignorance" and "illness"; Later, after Confucius discovered it, he realized that the mistake was "sick" and finally he corrected it as "not sick."
From several examples, no matter who wants to be a saint, he has to repeat three processes. First, ordinary people will inevitably make mistakes; The second is to find mistakes in time; The third is error correction; Only by repeating these three processes can we complete the sublimation of personality, from a mediocre caterpillar to a beautiful butterfly!
Thoughts on reading Tao Te Ching 8 The name Tao Te Ching is very familiar. It is a classic of Chinese studies, but it is obscure and difficult to understand, and I have never had the courage to read it. Fortunately, under the guidance of Teacher Liu, I learned this classic and felt its profundity and charm. The Tao Te Ching written by Laozi is not only a classic of nature, governing the country and being a man, but also a classic of philosophy and psychology. It's amazing that only five thousand words can cover all levels of the world! Beginners have a little superficial understanding.
"Defeat their spirit and resolve their disputes", when encountering disputes, remove their spirit and jump out of the dispute. This sentence made me realize that Lao Zi is a psychologist. In psychology, there is a method called "pulling away". When a person is in an emotional state, he can jump out of it. Look at your emotions from the perspective of a third person and see the origin of your emotions. At this time, you may suddenly realize that you are not influenced by emotions. As the saying goes, "the authorities are fascinated, the bystanders are clear". If you see the emotions clearly, you can find a solution to the problem. When encountering difficulties, problems and disputes, you can control your impulse to look at this matter from the outside, and you must be calm, calm and calm inside, so that you will be closer to the Tao.
Some of Laozi's articles take governing the country as an example, but I think more about family education. For example, "if you have a big complaint, there will be a lot of complaints." Can you report the complaint to Dean? He is a saint who holds a left deed and does not blame others. "when educating children, we will also have a situation where chickens fly and dogs jump and water and fire are incompatible. We only use virtue to influence children, but on the one hand, we should make rules. The educational concept of positive discipline is "kindness and firmness". Treat children's behavior with a kind attitude, and make rules together before doing things. This rule is like "Zuo Qi". When children are doing things, we should adopt a "moral contract" attitude instead of blaming and urging. Get along with children with firm trust and execution. This will make the parent-child relationship more harmonious.
Tao Te Ching also solved some puzzles for me. I have always wondered why China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs uses the most words "condemnation, strong condemnation, indignation" and so on. It is also good to show off our economic strength and weapons and equipment without using weapons directly. In international relations, China gave the impression that "Nuo Nuo is the only one who follows the lead", but after studying the Tao Te Ching, I suddenly understood that China should be responsible to the people, to the world and to solve international problems. The so-called "where the division is, the thorns grow" and "there must be a fierce year after the army." In order to ensure the stable development of the country and the people live and work in peace and contentment, China keeps a low profile and avoids its sharp edge, which is the so-called "weak wins the strong"!
Every sentence in the Tao Te Ching contains profound truth, which has a lot of enlightenment to my life, work and study, and there are many contents that need to be constantly considered and understood.
After reading the Tao Te Ching, nine books of Tao Te Ching are the wisdom of being a man for a lifetime.
Be a real person. In one's life, one will always meet all kinds of people, some are eloquent and some are not good at words. Some people talk sweet words, while others are taciturn but rich in connotation. It's far more pleasant to say sweet words that never leave your heart than to say caring but harsh advice. "What you believe is not beautiful, what you say is not true" just shows that flashy is better than flashy. Sincere words are far better than flattering words. Be a real person and seek truth from facts.
Be a kind person. Justice is in people's hearts, and good people are not for themselves. Convince people by reasoning is their pursuit. People who are eloquent always quibble, but honest and kind people never quibble. The more a person emphasizes, the more he shows his own shortcomings, the more he explains and the more he covers up. "Good people don't argue, bad people don't argue", rather than argue irrationally, it is better to convince people with reasoning. Be a kind person, be loyal and honest, and convince others by reasoning.
Be a wise man. People with smart minds are not very knowledgeable because they think that intelligence is capital. People with knowledge are not very clever, because they know that their brains are not as clever as their hearts. Wisdom is higher than cleverness. It's better to live smart and meaningful than to live smart and meaningful. And "Ming" tells us to have an insight into the world, self-evident, to understand him, to be sensible, to understand etiquette, and to understand life. And the most important one is self-evident. Only by knowing what you want, what you are doing, why you should do it, and how to do it correctly can you understand yourself. "The knower doesn't know, the knower doesn't know." Read more, read more. Reading makes people smart, wise and profound. Be a wise man, be clear about virtue and return.
Be a person who knows how to give and give. Giving is a virtue, and dedication is a quality. Simply taking will only make the road of life narrower and narrower. Although paying may lose something, people always have to understand that sometimes losing is another way to get it. May lose the "material", but won the "spirit". The more help you give, the more inner satisfaction you will get. Of course, giving and giving are not unreserved, and it is not advisable to pay blindly without considering the return. Know the degree of giving and dedication, enough is enough. Be a dedicated person, be helpful and warm to others.
To be a person who doesn't struggle, just let nature take its course, be down-to-earth and work hard. You should understand that "the harder you work, the luckier you are", but you should also know that you have to push yourself. If you get it, you should cherish it. If you can't get it, don't force it. If you lose it, just let it be and be happy. ...
It is so good to experience the beauty of life and cultivate yourself in silence. ...
After reading the eighth chapter of Tao Te Ching 10 Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching, he said: goodness is like water. Everything in water conservancy is indisputable, and everyone is evil, which is a matter of Tao. Living in a good place, kind-hearted, kind-hearted, good at words, good at governance, good at doing things, good at dealing with people. Husband is just indisputable, so there is nothing special.
This passage, translated in present words, is: having the best human nature, just like water. Water is good at nourishing all things without competing with them for food, and stays in a place that everyone hates, so its nature is closest to Tao. Good at choosing a residence, keeping calm, being honest with others, keeping promises, streamlining politics, giving full play to one's strengths and grasping opportunities in action. It is precisely because of indisputable virtue that there is no fault.
This is an ode to water, and the object of singing is a saint with a character like water. It takes "good nature as water" as the key link, and points out that if one wants to imitate the selfless kindness of nature, one must be humble as water, take retreat as progress, and be as rigid, pure, tolerant and generous as possible.
Water has the virtue of nourishing the life of all things, and it can benefit all things without competing with them. The ancients said, "See the guests off in the river and stay in Tian Min for a month." As long as you can do altruistic things, you will never refuse to do them. However, it will never occupy a high position, and it will never grasp the key points.
As the saying goes: Man struggles upwards, but water flows downwards. Water, in this ever-uneven material world, would rather pretend to be dirty, but also shelter evil people from evil practices and be all-encompassing. Therefore, Laozi described it as "the evil of all people, so it is a few words." The virtue of magnanimity and tolerance. Therefore, the ancients wrote a couplet, taking the ocean formed by water and the mountain formed by soil as the motto of life practice: "Water can only make the sea below, but the mountain can't be proud to the sky."
Water, not contending with things, is humble. Therefore, Lao Tzu said that if a person's behavior can be like water, he is good at living in the land and willing to live in it-"living well"; The mind is raised like water, and it is good at accommodating the deep elegance and righteousness of all rivers-"good heart"; The behavior is so refined that everything is like water-"kindness and benevolence"; Learning to speak is as timely and credible as the tide-"good words and honesty"; Standing in the world should be as flat and balanced as water-"good governance"; Responsible for doing things like water to adjust and blend-"good at doing things"; Grasping the opportunity can come naturally, surging with surging momentum, and serene with static momentum-"moving well"; If we cooperate with basic principles, if we don't argue with things and the world, we will never be wrong.
In the works of many ancient philosophers in China, water is an important thing in the world. Confucius said, "The benevolent enjoys Leshan, while the wise enjoys water." Because water is always in a state of constant change. Su Shi also said: everything is tangible, and water follows the shape of things. "
Laozi talked about a series of behavioral principles of life philosophy. If you focus on one person, it is complete and perfect, which is really too difficult. Except for Yao Shun, who is advertised in history, there are few perfect people. However, if we have such virtues, we can be immortal.