Hugo was born in Sang Song, Dushanbe, which is close to Switzerland in the east of France. His father was a general under Napoleon. When he was a child, Hugo was stationed in Spain with his father. At the age of 1, he went back to Paris to go to school and graduated from high school to study in law school. However, his interest was writing. At the age of 15, he won the prize in the Poetry Competition of the French Academy. At the age of 17, he won the first prize in the Hundred Flowers Poetry Competition. At the age of 2, he published a collection of poems, Ode to Bourbon. Later, he was disappointed with the Bourbon Dynasty and the July Dynasty, and became a * * * pacifist. He also wrote many poetic dramas and plays, and several novels with distinctive characteristics and carried out his ideas.
Chronology of People
Born on February 26th, 182 in Besancon, eastern France.
In p>1819, he co-founded Conservative Literary Biweekly with the romantic poet Winnie the Pooh and others. Publish the first poem in a periodical.
In p>1822, he compiled the first book of poetry, Odes and Miscellaneous Poems. Marry Edna at St. Supes Cathedral.
In p>1825, he was awarded the Medal of Honor to attend the coronation ceremony of Charles X.
In p>1827, he published the verse script Cromwell and the famous romantic manifesto, and became the leader of the romantic movement.
In p>1831, he completed the romantic literary masterpiece and novel Notre Dame de Paris (that is, hunchback of notre dame).
In p>1841, he was elected to the French Academy and publicly expressed his support for the constitutional monarchy.
In p>1843, the script Les Burgraves failed and his daughter Leopold died unexpectedly, so he stopped his new work and turned to the political arena.
in p>1845, he became a nobleman and was named Count Hugo.
In p>1848, the Journal of Major Events was founded.
In p>185, Hugo was arrested and imprisoned, and he fled Paris under the pseudonym of Lanwen.
in p>1851, Louis Bonaparte staged a coup to declare the monarchy, and Hugo was forced into exile.
in p>1853, a collection of poems full of ironic political meanings-Punishment Collection was published.
In p>1861, a letter to Captain Butler denouncing the invasion of China and the destruction of Yuanmingyuan by British and French allied forces was named "Letter to Captain Butler on the expedition of British and French allied forces to China".
In p>1862, he published the immortal social novel Les Miserables.
Edna, Hugo's wife, died in p>1868.
In p>187, the Third Peace Government was established, ending 19 years of exile and returning to Paris.
in p>1871, he was elected as a deputy to the National Assembly.
Hugo was elected to the Senate in p>1876.
In p>1883, the third volume of Legend of the Century was completed.
On May 22nd, 1885, he died in Paris. On June 1, Hugo's coffin was placed under the Arc de Triomphe for all people to pay tribute to and was buried in the Great Men's Cemetery in Paris.
Chronology of Works
1827: Cromwell (Script)
1829: les Orientales (Poetry)
183: Hernani (Playbook)
1831. (novel)
1838: Ruybras (script)
1853: les Chatiments (poem)
1856: les Contemplations (poem)
1862:
1869: L'Homme qui Rit (novel)
1859-1883: la Legende des siecles (poem)
1874: Quatre-Vingt-Treize. The "preface" of the script is considered as the declaration of the French romantic drama movement and Hugo's extremely important literary works.
Ernani (Agni), its premiere in 183, marked the complete victory of French romanticism over classicism.
Novel
Notre Dame de Paris, in 1831, is a famous novel of Hugo and a representative of romantic novels. The two characters in the novel, quasimodo and Fu Luoluo, are in contrast. The former is ugly in appearance, but pure and kind in heart. The latter is hypocritical. The heroine Esmon is the embodiment of beauty.
The Smiling Man, published in 1869, has the same beauty and ugliness as Notre Dame de Paris. The protagonist Gwen Alvin was born into a noble family, but was disfigured as a child because of intrigue in the court. Later, it was adopted by the folk artist "Xiong" (or transliteration "Wusi"). So Gwen Alvin is the son of the people. Later, the novel turned around, and Gwen Alvin's fate fluctuated greatly. However, because of the death of her lover "Goddess" (transliteration "Di"), she was completely desperate and threw herself into the river. The creation of The Smiling Man marks that the author has taken a big step towards realism.
Les Miserables lasted more than 3 years, from conception in 1828 to writing in 1845, and Hugo finally wrote a complete book in 1861. It is a literary masterpiece that best reflects Hugo's literary techniques and ideas. In the novel, Hugo describes the deep suffering of the lower classes. And through the experience of Shang Wanqiang, the hero, Hugo's thought of compassion is expressed.
93 is Hugo's last novel. The two opposing figures in the novel, Guo Wen, a revolutionary, and Marquis Rantenak, a royalist, are another contrast between good and evil in Hugo. After capturing Marquis Langtenak, Guo Wen saved three children by thinking of Marquis Langtenak, but he did not hesitate to put himself on the guillotine and let the enemy leader go. This arrangement can best reflect Hugo's belief in compassion and pure conscience.
Letters
My Praise is a letter written by Hugo, a famous French writer, in 1861 to Bathelet, the captain of the French army who was involved in the burning of the Yuanmingyuan in Beijing. Hugo spoke highly of the historical, cultural and artistic value of Yuanmingyuan in his letter, and denounced the crimes committed by the British and French invaders. In fact, we can understand a history of French and China through this information. Reading can't help but make people feel excited and restless for a long time.
At the beginning of the letter, he wrote: Sir, you asked me what I thought of this expedition to China. You thought this expedition was worthy of praise, well done, and you were very polite. You attached great importance to my feelings. According to your recent opinion, this expedition to China under the double banner of Queen Victoria and Emperor Napoleon is the glory of Britain and France; You want to know how much I appreciate this victory in Britain and France. Since you know your opinion, my reply is as follows:
In a corner of the world, there is a great miracle of mankind, and this miracle is Yuanmingyuan. Art has two origins: one is the idea from which European art comes; All the cities that a superhuman nation can imagine are gathered in Yuanmingyuan. Yuanmingyuan is the prototype of a huge fantasy. If the fantasy may have a prototype, just imagine an indescribable building, a fairyland like the Moon Palace, which is Yuanmingyuan. Suppose there is a splendid treasure cave that is a collection of human imagination and appears as a palace and temple, that is Yuanmingyuan. In order to build Yuanmingyuan, people have experienced two generations of long-term labor. So who built this garden, which is as large as a city and has been built for centuries? For the people. Because the passage of time will make everything belong to all mankind. Master of art, poet and philosopher, he only knows Yuanmingyuan in the city. Voltaire once talked about it. They have always compared the Parthenon in Greece, the pyramids in Egypt, the technical field in Rome, Notre Dame de Paris and the Yuanmingyuan in the East. If you can't witness the Yuanmingyuan with your own eyes, people will see it in their dreams. It seems to be an amazing masterpiece that has never been seen before in the distant twilight, just as the outline of Asian civilization rises on the horizon of Europe. This proud world is gone now.
once, two robbers crashed into the Yuanmingyuan, one robbed it and the other set it on fire. It turns out that victory is an abnormal plunder. Winners stole all the wealth of Yuanmingyuan and then shared the spoils with each other. All this is done in the name of Elgin. This reminds people of the Parthenon. They moved the way they treated the Parthenon to the Yuanmingyuan, but it was even more crisp and thorough, and nothing was left. Even if all the treasures of Notre Dame in our country are added together, it can't be compared with this grand and magnificent Oriental Museum. There are not only touching works of art in this oriental museum, but also a dazzling array of gold and silver products. This is really a great contribution and a very proud extra money! One winner filled his pockets, and the other one did the same thing, filling boxes. After that, they both returned to Europe hand in hand. This is an experience of these two robbers.
We Europeans always think that we are civilized people. In our eyes, China people are barbarians. However, civilization actually treats barbarism in this way. In the future, when the historical trial is delivered, there will be a robber who will be called France; The other one is called English. I want to protest against them, and thank you for giving me the opportunity to protest. The crimes committed by rulers must never be confused with the faults of the people they rule. It is always the government that engages in the activities of bandits, but never the people of all countries.
Hugo, standing at the height of history, denounced the invaders who trampled on human civilization. At the same time, she predicted that the French Empire had embezzled half the treasures. Now, she is so shameless that she has put out these beautiful ancient cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan for public exhibition in all her capacities. I believe that one day-France, liberated and cleansed of its filth, will return its stolen goods to China, which was looted.
I will prove this for the time being: these two marauders did this robbery. Sir, now you finally know that this is my appreciation for the expedition to China.
Poetry anthology
The Poor Children Look at this little son of the earth. He is so great, with the noblest moral character of God. Before the children are born, the blue sky shines brilliantly
Take Heed of this small child of Earth; He is great; He hath in him God Most High. Children Before Their Fleshly Births Are Lights Alive in the Blue Sky. < P > They came suddenly in our frivolous and painful world. It is God's gift that they mumble about God's teachings, and their pure smiles reveal God's tolerance
in our light bitter world of wrong they come; God gives us a while. His speech is in their stamping tongue, and his giving in their smile.
Our eyes inhabit their sweet light! Their right to happiness is so simple! If they are hungry, the Garden of Eden will cry with them. If they are frozen, the kingdom of heaven will also tremble in pain
they sweet light rest upon our eyes. alas! They are right to joy is plain. If they are hungry paradise weeds, and, if cold, heaven thrills with pain.
But the greed in the world keeps eroding these innocent flowers, while sinful people are judging the right and wrong, but ordinary people hold angels in their hands! How can there be angry thunder stirring in the depths of heaven!
The want that saps their sinless flower Speaks judgment on sin's ministers. Man holds an angel in his power. Ah! deep in Heaven what thunder stirs,
The God who sheltered us from rest carefully selected these gentle things. He gave us angels dressed in brocade, only to find that the children finally cried in rags
When God seeks out the tender things who are in the shadow where we sleep he sends us clothed. about with wings, And finds them ragged babes that weep!
people's famous sayings
[ edit this paragraph]
The happiest thing in life is to be sure that someone loves you, someone loves you for your present situation, or more accurately, someone loves you without asking you how. -les Miserables
The ocean is the widest in the world, the sky is wider than the ocean, and the human mind is wider than the sky.
The future will belong to two kinds of people: people who think and people who work. In fact, these two kinds of people are one kind of people, because thinking is also labor.
On top of the absolutely correct revolution, there is also an absolutely correct humanitarianism.
People's wisdom holds three keys, one is to open numbers, the other is to open letters and the other is to open notes. Knowledge, thoughts and fantasies are among them.
what the world lacks is perseverance, not strength.
boldness is the price of making progress.
you should believe that you are a strong person in life.
The road to art is full of thorns, which is also a good thing. Ordinary people are timid, except those with strong will.
whoever idles away his years, his youth will fade and life will abandon them.
laughter, like sunshine, drives away the winter on people's faces.
it is better to refuse frankly than to agree reluctantly.