The concept of keeping in good health, in which man and nature are integrated, advocates the harmony and unity of cattle raising and nature. Briefly speaking, this concept of keeping in good health includes two aspects, which are analyzed respectively as follows.
1. Health care should pay attention to the correspondence between man and nature. The classic Chinese medicine Huangdi Neijing first put forward the concept of "correspondence between man and nature". It is pointed out that people live in nature and are also one of the components of nature, and the physiological activities of human body are constantly adjusted and adapted by the influence of nature. The change of cold, hot and cool in four seasons of the year is formed by the rise and fall of yin and yang in a year. Because of the change of yin and yang in four seasons, there is a biological development law of growing in summer, growing in autumn and storing in winter.
the complex changes in nature will inevitably affect all aspects of the human body. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, there are three Yin San yang, six qi and five elements in the sky, and the human body also has three Yin San yang, six qi and five elements in the movement. The change of natural climate directly affects the movement of yin, yang, six qi and five elements, while the physiological activities and pathological changes of the human body depend on the coordination of six meridians and five zang-organs qi.
the movements of yin, yang and five elements in nature correspond to the movements of qi in the five internal organs and six meridians. Man and nature are an inseparable whole, and human life activities are closely related to nature. It can be seen that people must adapt to all kinds of changes in nature. Only in this way can we conform to nature, achieve the unity of human body and natural environment and keep healthy. This is the basic principle that health care should follow.
under the guidance of the holistic view of the correspondence between man and nature, the traditional health preserving theory of the motherland holds that all life activities of the human body must conform to the objective laws of the ebb and flow of yin and yang at four seasons and the conversion and substitution of twenty-four solar terms.
throughout the year, spring and summer are sunny, and autumn and winter are cloudy. Natural solar terms also change with the change of climate, such as growing in summer, harvesting in autumn and storing in winter. Therefore, in Xia Zhishi in spring, people should let nature take its course to maintain the yang; In autumn and winter, Yin qi should also be maintained, so there is a saying that "Yang is raised in summer and Yin is raised in autumn and winter". This requires people to make appropriate adjustments to their mental activities, daily routine and five flavors of diet according to the changes of the four seasons. In terms of work and rest time, we should also conform to the changes of the four seasons, so as to "have a regular daily life", "lie down at night and get up early" in spring and summer, "lie down early and get up early" in autumn and "lie down early and get up late" in winter. In the five flavors of diet, the intake should be more regular, and excessive hunger, satiety or partial diet can harm the viscera and affect the health.
2. keeping in good health needs the unity of form and spirit, which is another concept of keeping in good health in traditional Chinese medicine, and its main purpose is to strengthen the unity of physical exercise and mental adjustment. The so-called form refers to the external expression of the whole human body and is the material basis; The so-called god refers to the inner expression of people's spiritual consciousness, thinking and life activities, which is a functional role. God is the master of form, and form cannot live without God. God is the master of all life activities, which can not only coordinate the changes of zang-fu organs, qi, blood, yin and yang, and maintain the balance of human internal environment, but also adjust zang-fu organs and other organizations to actively adapt to the changes of nature and buffer the emotional stimulation caused by external factors, thus maintaining the balance between human body and external environment.
god is born in form, but if he is invisible, he can't live. God is the product of form, and form is the foundation of God. Pathologically, the pathological changes of form can lead to the abnormality of spirit, and the changes of spirit can also affect the changes of physiological functions of form. Form and God depend on each other and restrict each other, which embodies the overall dialectical relationship of human body.
Huangdi Neijing clearly puts forward the view that "form and spirit are all in harmony". For example, Su Wen Gu Tian Zhen Wen says that "form and spirit are all in harmony, so you can spend your whole life, and when you are 1 years old, you will go away", and it is also put forward that external evil spirits (when evil spirits are avoided) can be used to nourish form, while internal qi can be used to replenish spirit (Tian Tian) Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history, and the specific methods of health preservation are varied. But to sum up, it is actually nothing more than "keeping shape" and "keeping spirit":
"keeping shape" mainly refers to the absorption and maintenance of viscera, qi, body fluids, limbs, five senses and nine orifices, and "shape is the house of god", so only when the body is complete can we have normal spirit. The specific content of body-building is very extensive. All the methods of taking health, such as adjusting diet, saving work and rest, living cautiously and avoiding cold and heat, as well as physical exercise, qigong and other fitness exercises, are mostly important contents of body-building. "Cultivation" must be adapted to the rise and fall of yin and yang in four seasons and the conversion and substitution of twenty-four solar terms.
"Nurturing the mind" mainly refers to stabilizing the mood and adjusting the spirit. "Nurturing the spirit" is influenced by the ebb and flow of Yin and Yang in four seasons and the conversion and substitution of twenty-four solar terms. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the change of human spirit and emotion is an important part of human physiological activities. Under normal circumstances, "spirit" is the body's "responsive response" to various external stimuli. It not only reflects the normal psychological activities in the process of life, but also can enhance physical fitness, resist diseases and prolong life. However, if the emotional fluctuation is too intense or lasts too long, it will hurt the five internal organs, affect the qi, blood, yin and yang of the human body and lead to a variety of diseases.
God can't leave the form, but if there is no God in the form, life will be over. Form and spirit are unified, and health preservation can only maintain the health and longevity of life by "keeping both form and spirit" and "keeping both form and spirit".
3. Pursuing dynamic balance in health preservation Traditional Chinese medicine believes that human life activities are a dynamic and relatively balanced process maintained by the interaction of various factors under the action of internal and external environment. The internal environment includes the functional state of human organs, mental and psychological state, etc. The external environment includes the natural environment (region, climate) and social environment in which people live. Imbalance will lead to organic and functional diseases.
all kinds of physiological activities of human body are carried out in a dynamic way, and the "equal period" is achieved through adjustment. Traditional Chinese medicine health preservation attaches great importance to the dynamic balance of yin and yang, qi and blood, and viscera, and believes that balance can achieve the purpose of eliminating diseases, strengthening the body and prolonging life, so health preservation pursues balance or harmony.
① balancing yin and yang is the most important concept in traditional Chinese medicine. The so-called yang, … generally means active, ascending, hyperactive, or functional; Xin refers to yin, and the one-one strand refers to calmness, decline, functional attenuation, or organic aspects. Yin and Yang have the relationship of mutual growth and decline and mutual transformation, and they are opposite to each other and restrict each other. The so-called coordination of yin and yang means to make yin and yang balanced and stable. One' refers to the dynamic balance of normal physiological functions of various parts of the body itself; Second, it refers to the relative balance between the body function and the material exchange in nature. In this regard, the Huangdi Neijing has long pointed out: "Yin Pingyang is secret, and the spirit is governance; Yin and yang are separated, and the essence is absolutely. " It means that only when Yin and Yang are peaceful and secret can the spirit live without chaos. If Yin and Yang are separated, people's essence will be exhausted. This is a high generalization of human physiology and pathology, which shows that harmonizing yin and yang is of great significance in maintaining human health and preventing diseases. The balance of yin and yang in human body is the premise of healthy longevity, health preservation and disease elimination. Only when the balance of yin and yang in human body is dynamic can the human body maintain a healthy and stable state.
② the balance of qi and blood is the material basis of human life activities. Qi can produce and promote blood, and blood can transform and wrap qi, and the two go hand in hand with each other. If the balance of qi and blood is out of balance, there will be pathological changes such as qi and blood stagnation and failure, which will lead to the dysfunction of viscera and meridians. Therefore, maintaining the normal metabolism and circulation of qi and blood is a necessary condition to maintain health, and regulating qi and blood in order to balance it has become an important method to prevent and treat diseases.
③ Zang-fu balance The complex life activities of human body are based on the five zang-fu, which is a comprehensive reflection of the functions of zang-fu. Health preservation should coordinate the physiological functions of zang-fu and make it an organic whole. "All the twelve officers. You can't lose each other, so you can be safe when you are in charge, and you can live longer when you are healthy. The world is not in danger, thinking that the world is prosperous. " (Su Wen Ling Lan Secret Canon) That is to say, if the five internal organs of the human body cooperate with each other under the command of the heart, they can live a long life. It can be seen that health preservation must keep all the functions and activities of human organs (especially heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) normal. To maintain the healthy function and normal activities of the human viscera, one is to keep the five zang-organs adapted to the external environment; The second is to make the five zang-organs and six fu-organs diarrhea, and the third is to correct the excess and decline of fu-organs in time by applying the law of the five elements theory of traditional Chinese medicine.