1. Must-remember knowledge points about literature in Volume 2 of Vocational High School Chinese Language
1. Reading basic articles
"The Clouds and Sunny in the Painting" and "An Ancient Story" "The Great Wall" "Ruins"
"Two Poems from the Song Dynasty" "Zou Ji Satirized the King of Qi for Accepting Admonition"
2. Question Type and Score
(1) Basics Knowledge and application part (30 points, including 20 points for multiple-choice questions,
10 points for filling in the blanks, etc.)
Knowledge points: pronunciation, glyphs, related words, The use of idioms, wrong sentences, rhetoric, poetry appreciation, etc.; dictation, literary knowledge, imitation sentences, instructions, abstracts, impromptu speeches and other practical knowledge, etc.
(2) Reading part (40 points)
Modern Chinese reading (30 points): one paragraph each in class and extracurricular;
Classical Chinese reading ( 10 points): One paragraph in class.
(3) Composition part (50 points)
Practical writing (10 points): writing instructions, abstracts, impromptu speeches, etc.;
Topic composition (40 points) )
1. Reading the basic contents
"Blessing", "If I Were a King", "Reading Aesop's Fables"
"On the Passage of Qin", "Afanggong" "Fu"
2. Question types and scores
(1) Basic knowledge and application part (40 points, including 30 points for multiple-choice questions,
Fill in the blanks, etc. 10 points)
Knowledge points: pronunciation, glyphs, related words, use of idioms, sick sentences, rhetoric, poetry appreciation, etc.; literary common sense, ancient prose dictation, imitation sentences, paragraph compression, etc.
(2) Reading part (40 points)
Modern Chinese reading (30 points): one paragraph each in class and extracurricular;
Classical Chinese reading ( 10 points): One paragraph in class.
(3) Composition part (40 points)
Topic composition (40 points)
1. Reading the basic contents
"Lin Daiyu" "Entering Jia's Mansion" "If I Were King" "Reading Aesop's Fables"
"Chen Qing Biao" "Red Cliff Ode"
2. Question Type and Score
(1) Basic knowledge and application part (40 points, including 30 points for multiple choice questions,
10 points for filling in the blanks, etc.)
Knowledge points: pronunciation, glyphs, words, coherence , wrong sentences, rhetoric, punctuation, poetry appreciation, etc.; literary common sense, imitation, etc.
(2) Reading part (40 points)
Modern Chinese reading (30 points): one paragraph each in class and extracurricular;
Classical Chinese reading ( 10 points); one paragraph in class.
(3) Composition part (40 points)
Topic composition (40 points)
What do you think? Are you satisfied? 2. How to review classical Chinese for the high school entrance examination
The following methods can be used to review classical Chinese for the high school entrance examination: You may wish to go further in the review according to the 5-day plan.
Day 1: Specialize in reciting and reciting classical Chinese texts that require memorizing and dictating many passages. Taking the H version as an example, there are 19 ancient texts and 32 ancient poems. Students can basically recite them, but they must not do it. It’s not that easy to omit words, add words, change words, reverse word order, or make typos, let alone understand and memorize some sentences. Therefore, only by making your dictation skills meticulous, accurate, word for word, deeply understood, and flexibly used can you meet the requirements of the high school entrance examination.
Step 1: Read aloud. Reciting is indeed a good way to memorize. In your own little world, you might as well recite ancient texts and poems aloud, and recite each article more than five times in a row. On the one hand, recitation can strengthen your familiarity with the article, and on the other hand, as the reading progresses, The increase will gradually deepen the understanding of the content of the article, that is, one's own perception and experience of the article, and a deeper understanding of the author's purpose of writing this article.
In addition, as the reading progresses, you will understand the meaning of each sentence better. For some students, after reading a sentence of ancient prose, the meaning of the sentence will immediately appear in front of their eyes. It is the result of being quite familiar with ancient Chinese. If this step is done well, it will also lay a good foundation for the translation of the following sentences. Step 2: Recite aloud.
Based on the previous reading aloud, you can now completely put aside the book and recite aloud. Recite each article more than five times in a row. You will find that you are a little stiff in the first and second times. By the third or fourth time, you are already quite fluent. By the fifth or sixth time, you have fully mastered the entire text, and there will be no missing words, added words, or word order reversal. At this time, it will be difficult for you to memorize mistakes. . Among these two steps, speaking out is the key, because reading out the sound is a repetition of the person's memory function, which can have the dual effect of memorizing it silently in the mind, and speaking out also allows students to discover and check their own memory at any time. mistake.
Especially for some students whose recitation accuracy is not high, reciting aloud is the best way to solve the problem. The third step: After memorizing the article, ensure the accuracy of the words.
At this time, you can pick up the book again, read line by line, and practice the words that are easy to make mistakes a few times to ensure that you do not change the words or write typos. This step is the finishing work. If If you don't do it well, all your previous efforts will be wasted, so take it seriously. Step 4: Outline the famous aphorisms of each ancient article and poem (such as "Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness", etc.), and reveal the key sentences in the theme and center (such as "This is a shabby room, "Only I am virtuous", etc.), sentences describing the landscape environment (such as "green trees and green vines, swaying draperies, scattered and scattered", etc.) and sentences expressing the author's mood (such as "the soul is cold and the bones are cold, the melancholy is deep", etc. ).
Focus on memorizing these sentences and understand their role in the text in order to prepare for comprehension memory. Step 5: Do some comprehension recitation questions, carefully chew on the requirements of the questions, grasp the key words to think about what to answer, and pay attention to the possibility of making some subtle changes when answering the questions.
For example, "The sentence of the reason why An Lingjun rejected the King of Qin's request to change places" and "The sentence of the reason why Tang Ju refused the King of Qin's request to change places" are different, and it is easy for students to confuse them. This question must be answered with the word "reason". The answer should be "I received the land from the previous king and I am willing to keep it forever, but I dare not change it." "Five hundred miles straight", other words are not reasons, so they should not be written.
Step 6: Comprehensive recitation of a certain ancient article or poem is relatively simple to understand; but it is much more difficult to search for sentences that meet the requirements of the question in all the articles you have learned. . This can only require students to accumulate more and comprehend more, such as accumulating some sentences describing landscapes, cruelty of war, peace-loving, leisurely and contented mood, natural environment, friendship, etc., classify them, and consciously gradually expand your collection When answering the question, you can think about a few more verses, and then choose the sentence that best meets the requirements of the question to ensure that you are foolproof.
The second day: Mastering the content words of classical Chinese. The content words of classical Chinese have always been the easier part to score in the classical Chinese exam. Some students have mastered most of the explanations of content words, but the accuracy will be compromised, so you might as well do it yourself. Organize and summarize lesson by lesson. First of all, adjust some special content words: Tongqi characters, typical ancient and modern synonyms, inflections of part of speech and polysemy of one word. After sorting it out, one can broaden the thinking and improve the migration ability, and the other is to have a solid grasp and deep memory.
Secondly, we sort out some non-special but important content words: content words that are still vital and still used in modern Chinese and content words in the notes below the book. The organization of this part is very important, because the mastery of content words is not only necessary for reading classical Chinese texts in class, but also for reading extracurricular classical Chinese texts. Only by having a solid grasp of the exact meaning of each content word and understanding its polysemy, can we Only then will our sense of classical Chinese become gradually formed, and we will be able to draw inferences when reading extracurricular classical Chinese, laying a solid foundation for further classical Chinese study in high school in the future.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that when sorting out the explanations of content words, it must be based on the notes in the textbook and must not be ambiguous. Day Three: Translation of Classical Chinese Sentences The translation of classical Chinese sentences is actually based on the understanding of the entire article, so when reading the article aloud on the first day, a good foundation for sentence translation has been laid.
At the same time, sentence translation must pay special attention to the understanding of key content words in the sentence, so the content word sorting on the second day will lay a foundation for it, so sentence translation will become much easier. On the basis of a comprehensive translation of the text, students may wish to focus on sorting out these classical Chinese sentences lesson by lesson: First, sort out the sentences and aphorisms in the text to reflect the key sentences of the central theme.
Secondly, sort out the sentences with sentence structure changes in the text, such as inverted sentences and omitted sentences. Third, sort out the sentences that contain content words with multiple meanings and inflected parts of speech.
Finally, organize sentences with fixed and common formats in the text. It is worth mentioning that sentence translation is based on mastering the content words of classical Chinese. Once you understand the meaning of several key content words in a sentence, the translation of this sentence will be easily solved, so you must have a solid grasp of basic skills.
Sentence translation also focuses on cultivating a sense of language. Only with a certain foundation in class can we adapt to changes in classical Chinese reading outside class. fourth.