1. Plato (427-347 BC)

The ancient Greek sage, the originator of "spiritual love", believed that the love between men and women was the highest emotional form in the world. He was also the earliest * * * industrialist. When talking about marriage in his immortal book The Republic, he said that the ideal society should be * * * property, * * * wife and * * * son. At the age of 81, he died suddenly at a wedding banquet while talking and laughing happily.

2. Copernicus (1473-1543): Polish astronomer

In an era when there was no telescope, he felt the earth rotating under his feet. He lived with Anna from a well-known family for more than ten years, but he was finally split by the conservative church (deprived of Copernicus's right to marry). On May 24, 1543, after a rough time, his masterpiece "On the Operation of Celestial Bodies" was published.

3. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was an Italian genius

a genius. He was an artist, mathematician, physicist, physician, engineer and architect ... He once designed helicopters, flying machines, hot air balloons, siege machines, urban defense systems and drainage systems, and he also studied human anatomy, proportion and perspective ... At the age of 24, he was accused of having an affair with a man, who denied it and died in France in 1519. But his identity as a comrade has basically been recognized by later generations.

4. Elizabeth I (1533-163): Queen of England

Elizabeth's teenager was not very lucky. At the age of three, her mother was given the death by her father, and her chances of inheriting the throne were slim, unless all her previous brothers and sisters died, which happened. My younger brother Edward ascended the throne at the age of 1 and died at the age of 16, and then my sister Mary succeeded to the throne. In order to consolidate the throne, she crisscrossed between Spain and France, which were powerful countries at that time, gave up her marriage, and finally died as a virgin in exchange for the rise of the British Empire.

5. Descartes (1596-165) French philosopher, mathematician and physicist

Everyone who went to high school knew Cartesian coordinates. He was the founder of analytic geometry, and he went to college or never, and the famous statement "I think, therefore I am" was even more popular. Descartes lived a carefree life and inherited his father's rich legacy. His only hobby was thinking, thinking and thinking again. At the age of forty, he lived with Helen, a domestic helper, and gave birth to a daughter Fransini. Unfortunately, Sini died at the age of five. In September, 1649, queen christina Cristina (another famous single iron lady) invited her old flute, who was born ill, to the Stockholm court to teach philosophy. Five months later, at the age of 54, she died in northern Europe.

6. PASCAL: (1623-1662) French philosopher, mathematician and physicist

At the age of three, he lost his mother. At the age of 11, he wrote his first paper "The Essence of Sound", and at the age of 16, he wrote "The Theory of Conic Curves", and then invented the world's first digital computer (there is a computer language named after him: Pascal language). I haven't been in love all my life, and my relationship with my sister is extraordinary.

7. Christina (1626-1689) queen christina

She is the apple of her father's eye. She became king at the age of 6 and likes riding and shooting. Moreover, she is smart and knowledgeable in Latin, Greek, German, French, Italian and Spanish at the age of 14. She adores her cousin, but refuses to marry him. She said: I have to tell you frankly that I will not marry you, but I can also promise that I will never marry anyone else. Sweden enjoyed peace and prosperity under her rule. She also loved learning and was good at recruiting talents. During her reign, she founded the first Swedish newspaper and the first national school, and attracted many famous European scholars to give lectures. However, at its peak, the 28-year-old queen gave the throne to her once-admired cousin, then traveled around Europe, settled in Rome and died there in 1689.

8. Newton (1642-1727) British scientist

Some people say that because of Newton, all the single people in the world will no longer be lonely. Believe it! Like Clinton, they are the posthumous children of their father, and his birth changed the whole world. He is the founder of modern mechanics and the discoverer of gravity. He analyzed the composition of white light and discovered calculus synchronously with Leibniz. Newton's life, there is almost no record of being close to women. He lived a great life alone and sought solace in religion in his later years (it should be emphasized that science and religion can coexist). In March 1727, he was buried in the famous Westminster Abbey.

9. Voltaire (1694-1778), a modern French thinker

Louis XVI read the works of Voltaire and Rousseau before going to the guillotine. He said: These two men destroyed France. Indeed, the 18th century was the century of the French and the earliest revolutionary experimental field in the world, and Voltaire and others were the spiritual leaders of this revolution. He has 99 volumes of magnificent masterpieces, and lived with Emily, the lover of a married woman, for 2 years, until the latter died without children. In 1778, Voltaire died at the age of 84, and the church refused to bury him in Paris. In 1791, when the French Revolution broke out, his body was moved and buried in the Pantheon in Paris, and a state funeral was made. The tomb was next to Rousseau, and his heart was buried.

1. Kant (1724-184) German philosopher

Kant is a stubborn little old man, because he has never left Konigsberg in his life. It was in his acre of land that he wrote Critique of Pure Reason, and then philosophers all over the world began to study it carefully. He has lived for decades, and his afternoon walks are so punctual that people in Konigsberg use him to adjust the time of the wall clock. He lived step by step, without a wife and children, until the flowers of life faded. Schopenhauer said that only a philosopher's marriage can be happy, and a real philosopher doesn't need to get married. Presumably, Kant also knows the meaning of this paradox.

11. Beethoven (177-1829) German musician

Beethoven, with his veritable anger and his surly eyes, was cold and intimidating. It was this angry man who wrote the heroic symphony and the destiny symphony, and it was this angry man who wrote the gentle moonlight and to Alice. Beethoven's life was full of pain, his love was not smooth, and he was deaf in his prime. He loved countless women, but they all preferred to marry others because he was ugly? Or humble origin? We don't know. All we know is that he became more angry and then wrote more beautiful music. Who can tell?

12. Schopenhauer (1788-186) German philosopher

Schopenhauer lived a lonely life, without a wife, children or even a mother (he broke up with his mother in his twenties and hated women the most in his life), leading a lonely, melancholy and cynical life. Schopenhauer hates all women in the world. He thinks women are cunning, hypocritical and irrational. What he can't figure out most in his life is why so many stupid men like those ugly women with narrow shoulders/short legs/fat buttocks. He said that love is a lie, and marriage is the grave. If one person is unhappy, many people will not be happy. We are like hedgehogs crowded together. We can't get too close, because it will prick people, and we can't go too far, because we are afraid of the cold.

13. Van Gogh (1853-189) Dutch painter

No matter what sky-high price Van Gogh's paintings can fetch, it has nothing to do with him. His short life of 37 years was full of humiliation and bitterness, numerous dismissals and puzzles, numerous refusals and disputes, which made him fall into obsessive madness. Until that evening in July 189, he raised his pistol and aimed it at his temple ... In 1888, his few friends Gauguin visited, and soon they had an argument. After Gauguin left, Van Gogh cut off his ear.

14. Buchanan (1791-1869) 15th President of the United States

So far, the only president in American history who has never married for life. Buchanan chose celibacy because he fell in love with the rich man's daughter when he was young, but was blocked by his parents, who thought that he was in love with her family's property. The daughter listened to her parents' rumors, regretted everything, and even committed suicide. "I feel that happiness has gone away from me," Buchanan once said sadly, and then he devoted himself to politics and filled his heart with fatigue with his career. During his tenure, the role of hostess of the White House fell to his niece, who seemed to be more loved than her uncle. Buchanan said before he died: "I faithfully performed my duties with a clear conscience. I have no regrets. History will prove my spotless life."

15. Andersen (185-1879) Danish writer

There is a bronze statue of "Mermaid" in the seaside park in Copenhagen, which is the symbol of Denmark, the daughter of Hai, and even more the daughter of Andersen. The world's most famous fairy tale writer lived alone all his life and experienced his ugly duckling-like life. I left behind a series of beautiful fairy tales such as The Daughter of the Sea, The Little Match Girl and The Emperor's New Clothes, but I left my loneliness to myself. He once had the first love of childhood. The beautiful girl was called Bohr. Until her death, 7-year-old Andersen still kept the letter written by Bohr. The yellow paper reflected her beautiful handwriting: Things are like smoke.

16. Jane Austen (1775-1817) British writer

Austen lived in old England and finally became an old maid herself. "What Mrs. Bennard worries about all day is how to get her five daughters married smoothly." This is the beginning of Jane's most famous novel Pride and Prejudice. Presumably, Austin's mother had the same troubles as Mrs. Bennard. Different from the novel, Austin's mother finally didn't see the day when her daughter got married. Austin is smart and beautiful, and is said to have been infatuated. Young lovelorn is the reason why she never married. Some people say that she may be lesbian, and her very close relationship with her sister makes people suspicious (her sister Cassandra burned most of Jane's letters to her before she died), but all these are beyond examination. The only thing that can be tested is that Elizabeth found Darcy in the novel, but Austin did not find the one who belongs to her. At the age of 42, she died young.

17. Engels (182-1895) German thinker

At the age of p>24, Engels wrote The Working Class in Britain. At the age of 28, together with Marx, he published the Manifesto of the * * * Proletarian Party, which set off a vigorous proletarian revolution. He came from a well-off family, but he became one with the proletarian people, especially helping Marx from time to time. After the death of Ma, he also compiled documents and published anthologies for him. He was deeply affectionate to Marx. Engels lived with Mary, an Irish textile worker, at the age of 22, until Mary died in 1863, and then Engels lived with Mary's sister Leahy. He never went through the marriage formalities, because in Family, Marriage and Private Ownership, he once said: Marriage, those ceremonies approved by the state and held in the church are unnecessary.

18. Nobel (1833-1895) Swedish scientist

Nobel's greatest achievement in his life was not to invent explosives, but to award an award. Regardless of nationality, regardless of gender, only your contribution was considered, which made all the great scientists (writers and pacifists) in later generations shrouded in his aura. Nobel won the merits of the future with only one will. Nobel has never been in love, but it is a pity that all the lovely people who are loved marry others. As for the fact that he didn't set up the math prize in the end, it was because his rival in love was a mathematician, but in fact, most of them were invented by good people.

19. Nietzsche (1844-19) German philosopher

In 1875, at the age of 31, Nietzsche said, "I wandered around like a rhinoceros." At that time, all his best friends got married one after another, and only he had no feelings to return to. Finally, he gave his virginity to a brothel and contracted syphilis. Then he said angrily, Are you going to a woman? Don't forget to bring your whip! After the age of 45, Nietzsche fell into madness. After quarreling with his best friend Wagner, he was sent to a mental hospital. His only sister took care of him for ten years. On the morning of the new century, he passed away quietly.

2. Garbo (195-199) was a Hollywood superstar.

An English reporter said that her face is the ultimate in human evolution, and she is the most melancholy Scandinavian since Hamlet. Adolf Hitler is also her fan. During World War II, Garbo once said: I will kill him. She is a real cold beauty: confused, lost and lonely. She comments: I am clumsy, shy, nervous and afraid, and I am too sensitive to my English, which is why I built a high wall around myself and hid behind it forever. "I will be single all my life", this is the line of Garbo in Queen Christina, and she practiced it well. "Have you really never loved anyone else?" Someone asked, "Yes, Stiehler." A director and comrade who took Garbo to Hollywood. Garbo was nominated for four Oscars, but never won an award. Later, the Oscar Committee specially awarded Garbo an award for her shining performance in the film. Of course, she didn't receive it. Her friend said that she had never seen that award in her home. She is a mysterious girl forever.

21: Paul Sartre (195-198): French existentialist philosopher

Sartre is always like this: with a big pipe in his mouth, a pair of eyes that don't believe you are staring at others behind thick glasses. He didn't believe in people, and he refused all official honors (including the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1964). He was hailed as "the conscience of mankind in the 2th century". Sartre's love with Beauvoir, the pioneer of feminism, is called a beautiful talk in the history of philosophy. They spare no effort to practice their own philosophy, and even for a time, they had an affair with Olga, a student of Beauvoir, on the grounds of re-establishing the relationship between people. It is impossible for Beauvoir to marry Sartre, because her feminist thought is so thorough that she refuses any possibility of male superiority, let alone marriage as a woman's yoke? Sartre died in 198, and 6, Parisians gave him a mighty funeral. At that time, French President D 'Estaing said: Sartre's death made me feel that a bright light of human wisdom was extinguished.

22: Marcel Proust (1871-1922)-French writer

Born into a noble family, he was sickly since childhood, and when he became an adult, he was bedridden, so that he couldn't leave the door. He recalled the good times in the past in bed alone and recorded them, and he was afraid of the seven-volume "Memories of Gone Years".