This is an article I saw in Baidu, hoping to help LZ:
Don't leave scars on the Earth —— A glimpse of Australian mining environmental protection culture
Li Xuejiang
An environmentalist wrote a famous saying: "The environment is not a legacy that we can dispose of at will from our ancestors. That's the temporary residence for our borrowed children and grandchildren. We only have the responsibility to protect it and not the power to destroy it. " This awareness of environmental protection has become a common practice in Australian society, especially in the mining industry, which has established an enviable environmental protection culture. I have long heard that there is the world's second largest bauxite mine in the most remote northeast corner of Australia, so when the plane descends, the reporter leans on the porthole and watches intently: only to see two clear seawater meandering through a thick green, and only a piece of red bare soil the size of a football field comes into view. Is bauxite mined for nearly 20 years so harmful to the environment? The reporter is quite puzzled. After coming to the field, I learned from the introduction that the annual output of this mine is110.5 million tons, and 500 hectares of eucalyptus forest are cut down every year. But because it is destroying the seeds, there is no obvious damage to the environment. On the way to the mining area by four-wheel drive, the reporter noticed that although there are eucalyptus forests on both sides of the road, the height of each piece is different. This piece is a towering tree, and that piece is a medium-sized forest belt one or two stories high. Further on, there is a new green only one person high. The nearest to the mine is a piece of bare dust, and the eucalyptus trees pushed are piled up in rows like harvested wheat bales. The accompanying staff explained that this tree-high bauxite has not been mined, and the forest belt has been mined and replanted for more than ten years, while the densely populated sapling area has only been mined and replanted for three to five years. The gray land is where the trees have just been cleared and needs to be mined in the near future. When I came to the mining site, the reporter saw that the bulldozer had pushed aside a layer of brown topsoil with a thickness of 1.5 meters, and the big forklift was lifting its huge arm to load the reddish bauxite with a thickness of about 2.5 meters into a large truck with a load of 150 tons. Finally, bulldozers will push the topsoil back to its original place and sow carefully collected tree species before the rainy season of 1 1. In the second year, in this way, people only see about 1000 hectares of bare land every year, which is the "football field" that reporters saw from the plane. There is an environmental protection department in the mining area, which specializes in collecting, cultivating and replanting plant seeds and seedlings before clearing the field. In order to ensure the original vegetation, the original trees are not completely eradicated, but a plant corridor is reserved in the middle to ensure that the original animals and plants can continue to multiply. Australia regards replanting in mining areas as a prerequisite for obtaining mining rights, and it is impossible for mining companies to obtain mining licenses without putting forward feasible replanting plans after mining. There are three kinds of replanting in Australian mining areas: one is that in the most remote and uninhabited areas, as long as the environment is safe and stable after mining, the environment will generally be restored without pollution; The second is a common practice, that is, to restore the original vegetation and natural features. After a few years, indigenous people can continue their traditional forest collection activities, such as the bauxite mentioned above; The third is a high-level approach, that is, creating a more beautiful environment. Sydney Olympic Park is an example of turning decay into magic. In addition, a gold mine at the southernmost tip of the Australian mainland cleared hundreds of hectares of pine forests and wasteland during mining. After several years of replanting, it has now become a wetland reserve: the lake is clear, and the sky and clouds are reflected in it; The lake is lush with trees and abundant aquatic plants, which has become the breeding and habitat of many waterfowl. After testing, the water quality, organic matter and biological reproduction rate are higher and better than before. This environmental protection achievement has attracted worldwide attention and won the world's best environmental protection award. Australia's mining industry can meet the best environmental standards in the world, first of all because of strict legislation and approval. The National Ecological Sustainable Development Strategy promulgated by the Australian government 1992 establishes the principle of putting prevention first, that is, if there is the possibility of serious or irreversible environmental damage, even if the scientific basis is insufficient, it would rather not exploit it; At the same time, mining companies are required to conduct environmental investigation before mining, submit environmental impact, protection measures and replanting reports, and must consult with local communities. Not feasible, not approved. The environmental protection culture cultivated by the Australian business community itself is also an important reason for Australia's outstanding environmental protection achievements, which makes the environmental protection concept penetrate into the ideology and daily behavior of every employee and become an atmosphere. Australia's mining industry is a world leader in environmental protection. The main reason is not that it has advanced environmental protection technology, but more importantly, Australians cherish their living environment and have a high sense of responsibility for future generations. The northwestern part of Western Australia was originally a Millennium Gobi with a rocky foundation and bare ground, but the LNG plant built here still cherishes and protects this environment. Vice President Montilla, who accompanied the reporter, pointed to the wasteland in front of the car and said that when 10 was first built, workers built temporary houses and stadiums here. However, after the workers moved away, bricks, cement, steel bars and other wastes were removed, restoring the original appearance of the Gobi, with sporadic rocks and shrubs. The reporter can't see any traces of people living now. So is bauxite. After the mining is completed, the abandoned coastal roads will be uprooted and leveled, and trees and grass will be planted to re-integrate with the surrounding environment. "Future generations have no future troubles and the earth has no scars" is the ideal and pursuit of Australians. (People's Daily, September 5, 2000)