In ancient Greek thinkers, dialectics has a wide range of meanings, from a rebuttal skill in debate to a systematic evaluation of definitions, and then to the study and division of the relationship between special concepts and general concepts.
Dialectics has always been closely related to formal logic from the time of Stoic philosophers to the end of the Middle Ages. Later, Kant used the term "transcendental dialectics" to express his efforts to reveal hallucinations, which appeared when he tried to apply intellectual categories and principles outside the scope of phenomena and possible experiences. Hegel regards dialectics as: a concept is the result of conflict between the two sides due to its own internal contradictions.
Marx and Engels adopted Hegel's definition and applied it to the explanation of social and economic processes. In the system of Marxist philosophy, dialectics is defined as the world outlook and methodology opposite to metaphysics, and it is a theory and doctrine about universal connection and eternal development. In other words, the world is understood and described as a universal whole and an eternal development process, and development is understood as the result of various contradictions inherent in things themselves.
If it is high school philosophy, it can be simply understood as "looking at the problem from a contact, development and comprehensive perspective"
It requires that when people observe and analyze problems, they should start with the interrelation and interaction between things, not just seeing isolated things; It is necessary to link the present situation of a thing with its past and future; We should not only see the movement of position and the cultivation of quantity, but also see the change and development of the fundamental nature of things; When analyzing the reasons for the development of things, we should focus on the internal contradictions (internal causes) of the development of white-collar things, but not ignore the external contradictions (external causes) of the development of things.