I reabsorbed the flame that broke out from me.
This autobiography, written before Nietzsche's madness, seems to have some inspiration for sorting out his own thoughts, and the interesting catalogue makes people want to find out.
The basic meaning of the preface-what am I thinking and what do I want to do? For example: "The last thing I promised to accomplish was to' improve' mankind." "Anyone who can breathe the breath of my work will know that this is the air on Jeremy goldkorn, which makes people feel refreshed. A person must adapt to this kind of air, or he will be in danger of catching a cold ... "It sounds loud and makes people feel arrogant, but in the last sentence of the preface, he expressed his heart:" So, I want to tell myself a story about this life. " This sentence deeply touched me. That's talking to myself, a confession of my life, and nothing else.
The first chapter is "Why am I so wise?" He believes that his character is predestined, neither like his father nor his mother, but influenced by it. His father died at the age of 36. Nietzsche thought that in the year of his life, he began to age, his vitality dropped to the lowest point, and his vision was seriously damaged. "... complete clarity and happiness and intellectual exuberance are not only synchronized with my extreme physical weakness, but also with excessive pain. "He thinks that his father gave him the best thing." That is, I don't need any special plans at all. As long as I have patience, I can naturally enter a more noble and beautiful world. " In this world, I can live freely, and only in this world can my deepest enthusiasm be freely exerted. I almost gave my life for this honor ... "Maybe this is why he is such a source of wisdom? !
It may be that Nietzsche suffered from physical illness for a long time, and his sensitivity made him oppose the feeling of pity and think that overcoming the feeling of pity is also a noble virtue. "My experience gives me reason to doubt all the so-called selfless tendencies and all the goodness. I think they are a symbol of weakness and a sign that they can't stand encouragement. Only among decadent people, this kind of compassion is called virtue. I blame pitchers because they forget the feelings of humility, respect and how to keep their distance too easily. They forget that this soft-hearted pity is the stench of thugs, and they also forget that it is only one step away from bad attitude. " He seems to be saying that it is a rare virtue to return everyone's feelings to himself, not to try to infringe on others' own experiences, to keep his distance, to maintain respect and humility. It may be a little extreme, but I agree that sympathy is a narcissistic emotion, and respecting everyone's own situation may be more valuable sympathy.
Regarding illness, weakness and resentment, he said, "People are too entangled in things and all experiences are too profound, so memory is an annoying pain. Disease itself is a kind of resentment ... resentment caused by weakness hurts the weak the most. On the contrary, for a young man, resentment is an unnecessary emotion ... "
For the attack, he summed up the four principles of his strategy, which is very interesting and shows his quality of fighting alone-
"First, I only attack those things that win. If necessary, I will wait until they become like this before attacking them.
Second, I only attack those things that I can't find allies in the attack, that is, I only attack those things that I have to attack alone, and only attack those things that will only bring me trouble when attacking. I have never publicly taken steps that do not involve myself. This is what I call the standard of proper behavior.
Third, I never attack people. I just regard people as an effective magnifying glass, which makes the general, unpredictable and inaccessible ugliness clearer ... I attack the hypocrisy or mixed nature of our "culture" in this way, which confuses elites and diversity, decline and greatness.
Fourth, I only attack those things that exclude all personal differences, and only attack those things that lack unpleasant experiences. It is true that for me, the attack is a proof of goodwill, and at the same time, under certain circumstances, it is also a proof of gratitude. I use it to show my respect for something, and I use it to make something different. Whether I associate my name with a system or a person's name, whether I agree or disagree with both, everything is the same to me ... "
Attacking you is my greatest respect and my greatest kindness to you. Such goodwill is really hard for ordinary people to digest. This reminds me of Wittgenstein, who is always arguing and aggressive after Russell. It also made Russell feel a little annoyed and secretly pleased, expressing the joy of being recognized and respected behind this argument.
"My strict and clean attitude towards myself is the primary condition for my survival; I will die in an unclean environment. So I have formed a habit, and I often like swimming, bathing, plucking hair in water, in any completely transparent and clear substance. This is why I am not tolerant of social activities at all; My human feelings are not manifested in sympathy for others, but in being able to tolerate that kind of sympathy. My human feelings are a kind of continuous self-control. However, I need to be lonely. I need to restore my true colors, return to myself and breathe free, fresh and exciting air. My whole "Zarathustra says" is a lonely hymn, a clean hymn ... "
In this chapter, Nietzsche expressed his unique views on many things in life to show his extraordinary wisdom.
The next chapter is "Why am I so smart", which continues his unique views on life and thoughts. From the beginning, I challenged the view of regret. "I think the regret of conscience is not something worthy of attention;" I think the remorse of conscience is a kind of "evil eye". "I am too curious, too suspicious and too arrogant to be satisfied with solving the problem completely and obviously ... Fundamentally speaking, God is just a rude command to us: you should not have thoughts." Therefore, Nietzsche should think as a person and "save mankind"! Strength consumption, nutrition choice and satiety, he said that he didn't like reading more books by nature, and learning would make him sick. "It is not doubt that drives a person crazy, but certainty ... we are all afraid of the truth." He loves music, especially Wagner.
"A person must get rid of everything that makes him say' no' repeatedly. The reasons are as follows: all the consumption of resistance, no matter how scarce, will always contain a lot of absolute excessive losses as long as it becomes a rule and habit. The biggest consumption of our physical strength is accumulated by a little consumption. Keeping yourself still and keeping a distance from many things is a kind of physical consumption, and it is also a kind of physical consumption that tends to be purely negative. Don't deceive yourself at this point! People who constantly need to protect themselves may be so weakened that they can no longer protect themselves. " I think what he said was to try not to do anything that bothers you. It is a kind of consuming energy and disloyalty to yourself.
"In addition to being buried in a lot of books, scholars who actually do nothing, mediocre linguists, can send two hundred books a day, and finally completely lose their ability to think. Without a book in his hand, he can't think at all. When he thinks, he reacts to the stimulus (he reacts to an idea he reads). In the end, everything he does is a reaction ... At the age of 30, he found himself gifted, good-tempered, free and "read to pieces". Only matches need to be lit can any sparks or "ideas" be eliminated. When a person is strong and in the ascendant, it is a sin to study at dawn! " I can't help laughing when I read this. Aren't we going to study? I think he's just mocking people who drown themselves in books and lose their independent thinking. Nietzsche was a good reader, but he thought about reading again, saying that his talent had been "read to pieces". This is what Socrates called a life worth living!
"At any time in my life, no one can point out that I have adopted an arrogant or sad attitude. A sad attitude does not belong to greatness, and a person who needs to take an attitude is false. Beware of all pretenders. When life requires me to do my best, I find it easiest. " People adapt to the environment and pretend to be a certain attitude, which is a natural attitude of pretensions and an attitude of serious involvement in life.
The third chapter is "Why did I write such an excellent book", which combs all his works. What is the original intention and core idea of writing? There may be some writing process and some anecdotes, so I won't go into details. It aroused my desire to read the book I didn't understand again-"Zarathustra said".
The last chapter, "Why am I destiny", "I know my destiny. One day, my name will be associated with the memory of those terrible things, the unprecedented crisis, the deepest conflict of conscience and the curse of those things that people have always believed, needed, regarded as sacred and revered. I am not an ordinary person, I am an explosive ... "Nietzsche opposed religion and didn't want to be a saint himself. "I'd rather be a rude and clumsy person without knowledge. Maybe that's who I am. But even so, or even if not, because there has never been a more hypocritical person than a saint, I am the voice of truth. However, what I said is terrible. Because so far, lies have been called truth. Reassessment of all values is my formula for the highest self-affirmation activity of human beings ... My destiny is that I will be the first respectable person, and I am destined to feel that I am in opposition to the long-standing hypocrisy. I was the first person to discover the truth, and I was the first person to discover the truth, because I found that hypocrisy is hypocrisy. " This is the fate of his life, to wake up the human beings who are sleeping in hypocrisy. In Zarathustra, Nietzsche declared that "to be a creator of good and evil, we must first become a destroyer and crush all values."
"The world is not based on the instinct of those kind public animals to find their own insignificant happiness. Asking everyone to be a "kind person", a gregarious animal, blue eyes, a kind and "beautiful soul", or, as Herbert Spencer hoped, to be an altruist, is tantamount to depriving human beings of their greatest character, splitting human beings and turning them into a poor thing. " This sentence hurts people, people are animals, and it doesn't matter the happy instinct ... but from the development process of human civilization, it is difficult to refuse and deny his point of view. However, what does he mean by kindness? I don't understand ... maybe it's what Heidegger called "ordinary people"! Fascinated by philosophical speculation, in constant ignorance ...
"Good people, they can't create,
They are always the beginning of the end.
They abuse people who create new values,
They sacrificed their future for themselves,
Who is it? They sacrificed the future of mankind!
A generation of excellent people, they are always the beginning of the end.
Any harm that those who murder the world can do,
Injury to good people is the most unfortunate of all injuries. "
The end of the last sentence pushed Nietzsche's wonderful style to the extreme-"Have you known me? -Dionysus "
It seems that there is only one fragmented record, and my own things have not been digested. Can only be taken notes!
Lumei was made in Meitengzhai on February 27th, 20 19.