Development of employee quality awareness training materials and quality awareness handouts
Hello everyone, today I will tell you about quality awareness.
You may have heard too much about quality theory, or you may not remember anything. After all, like me, you are not a researcher of theory, and you are not too interested in these boring theories.
Then let’s change the approach and start from the issues that everyone is really concerned about, and let’s discuss quality answers together.
We can’t talk about any training today. I am not a teacher. I don’t know more than everyone else, but I may know a little more than everyone else. So let’s bring this out and let’s taste the quality together. smell.
The content of today’s information is a summary of my experience in the past few years of work. It is not systematic. I just hope that it can give you a guide and think about whether there are any imperfections in the actual work of our company. , or those things are not done in place (including the work behavior of leaders and individuals)
Back to the topic:
First slide: I want to expand on it by asking questions, Then define this data as "exploring quality answers".
Second slide:
These are questions that everyone may be closely concerned about: "What is quality?", "Where does quality come from?" "What does quality have to do with me?" "QC keeps giving me trouble?" "What should we do?"
This series of questions may also be something we often consider in our work. So how does quality answer?
Let’s first look at the word “quality”.
The third slide:
From a structural point of view, the quality is the first "+" sign of "factory" and the bottom is a "贝". We can regard factory as In our company, shells are ancient currency, so to build "quality" we must have shells as support, which is extended to the concept of cost. "Quantity" means both "quantity" and "monitoring measurement".
Taken together, in our manufacturing industry, the development of enterprises requires marketable products, monitoring and measuring the product realization process, and efforts to control costs, in order to achieve profits. This method of enterprise development is also the most basic.
The fourth slide:
"What exactly is quality?" We also need to start from its definition: the definition in ISO9000: Quality is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics meets requirements.
Here we emphasize "inherent characteristics" and "requirements".
"Inherent characteristics" refer to the things or products themselves, especially the permanent characteristics. For example, our company's battery can provide stable power and can be charged and discharged. Its inherent characteristics are its capacity.
The opposite of inherent characteristics is "given characteristics", which are not inherent to things, but are artificially defined later, such as the price of batteries.
These two characteristics can sometimes be transformed into each other. For example, some service industries require timeliness, and timeliness of delivery is an inherent characteristic of the logistics industry.
Regarding "requirements": express, implicit, or requirements or expectations that must be fulfilled.
What needs to be expressly stated is that it needs to be stipulated. For example, in a contract or purchase agreement, some size specifications for products are express requirements.
The implication is that no special regulations are required, it is common sense or a routine practice.
What must be fulfilled: refers to the requirements of laws and regulations or some mandatory requirements. For example, food needs to comply with food safety laws, etc.
As for the "requirements", I personally have another opinion:
Regarding the system itself, this 9000 system is proposed by Western developed countries when enterprises reach a certain level of management. China's requirements.
So disguised "quality can also be defined as: quality is the level of a set of inherent characteristics that meet the relevant requirements of developed countries."
Fifth slide:
Look at this quality ring, connected end to end: Quality is measurable, quality is everywhere, and quality can be learned.
Quality can be measured:
1: Many companies now implement goal-based management, and there is a principle in setting goals that can be measured. Any goal setting It is best to be able to quantify it. Because ambiguous goals can neither be achieved nor be convincing.
2: Monitoring and measurement We only talk about product monitoring and measurement, which should be carried out at various stages of product implementation (features) to confirm that product requirements are met. (Whether the planned results are met)
Quality is omnipresent:
1: The stages of quality development: quality inspection stage, statistical quality control stage and total quality management. Not much to say about the previous two stages, let me explain the total quality management stage: the so-called total quality management is a management approach that centers on quality management, is based on the participation of all employees, and achieves long-term success by realizing the benefits of relevant parties. .
Moving from TQ "C" to TQ "M" highlights the importance of "management".
2: Full participation. As part of the quality management principle, all employees, including senior, middle, grassroots and front-line employees, are involved in quality management.
3: ts16949. This system integrates the essence of QS9000 AVSQ VDA lean production and other aspects, and has different requirements from manpower, equipment, environment, information to products, internal and external customers, suppliers, and managers to grassroots employees.
For example: Putting forward competency requirements for those who affect product quality (operators or QC). Our company's operators must hold certificates to work and must undergo continuous assessment and training.
Quality can be learned:
1: In terms of management: We can learn from foreign advanced management models, such as Six Sigma management, TPS lean production, or advanced management methods in the same industry.
2: On the personal side: Our personal career development and career choices are related to quality management. (There is a saying among quality people) we must learn the knowledge and skills of quality management.
Of course, whether it is corporate behavior or your personal behavior, learning is not simply imitation. Applying what you have learned is the goal.
Sixth slide:
The content of this slide is also my own summary. (Whether it’s right or wrong, don’t bother pursuing it.)
I define it as a three-step process of quality, not Julan’s trilogy.
A spiral staircase, the bottom of the steps is "quality of thinking", the top of the steps is "quality of behavior", and the top is "quality of results".
This staircase does not go straight up and down, but rotates a bit. The implication is that the road is not straight and straight, there will be many detours to reach the destination.
Then expand these three steps one by one:
The seventh slide: "How should we think? What should we think?"
Listed A lot of vocabulary: guidelines, policies, planning, resources, processes, training...
1: Policy
Every enterprise will have a policy, which is the basis for enterprise development. An overall command idea and direction. For example, our company's policy is: customer satisfaction, quality first, pragmatism and innovation, and continuous improvement. The quality policy can be written into the quality manual in terms of system requirements, and the policy must be understood and familiar to all employees of the enterprise.
2: Policy
The close integration with principles, regardless of government behavior, also has its class side, which is also fundamental. Not much to say, each of us can experience our company’s policies and behaviors at all levels of management.
3: Planning
The PDCA cycle, also called the Deming cycle, plans, executes, checks, and acts. This is also an essential principle of quality management activities, and any quality behavior can be carried out in accordance with this. So the planning stage is very important. Without planning, actions will be busy and purposeless.
It sounds like this term is a bit unfamiliar to everyone. In fact, each of us is planning. For example, to buy a piece of clothing, how much do you want to spend in advance, what brand, style, color, etc. , these are the plans you make when buying clothes. As long as there is human action, we have to plan.
In terms of quality, more planning is needed. Such as product realization process, between processes, etc.
4: Resources
There are many resources, such as equipment, raw materials, labor, information, factories, and social environment applications also belong to the category of resources. Manufacturing is a comprehensive management method that integrates these resources to achieve profits.
5: Process
Input Process Output Any action can be summarized into this model. Each process can also contain subprocesses. Any action that transforms input into output can be considered a process.
The product realization process is such as the product development and production steps of the technology department
The support process is such as the personnel recruitment of the purchasing management department
6: Supplier customers
These two parts are in tandem. There are two principles in the quality system, which are customer focus and mutually beneficial relationship with suppliers
These are also 2 attention.
Suppliers can be internal or external. Internal suppliers are the first step in the process. The providers of various factors in the human-machine-material-method environment are all suppliers.
Customer: It can also be internal or external. Internal customers are the next step in the process. Of course, the boss can also be a customer, and departments can also be customers of each other, which is regarded as the focal point for accepting one thing. The biggest customer is society or the government, because we must first comply with the requirements of laws and regulations.
For example, the discharge of our waste liquid must comply with the relevant sewage treatment regulations of the Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau.
7: Requirements. Already mentioned before. No more to say.
8: Leadership
Sometimes we may also think about our leadership. This is often talked about within an organization. How a certain leader is reflects the cohesion of a team. .
9: Goals
Everyone has personal experience with goals. For example, each of us’ daily output is our personal work goal. Achievement rate, etc.
I won’t give you too much theory about the goals, as long as everyone understands what the goals of this department are.
10: Standards
Standards are the product of standardization actions.
Every activity must have standards as a yardstick for measurement.
11: Critical quality characteristics
This is a very important content in the product manufacturing process. It is also the most concerned part of our daily quality work.
Special characteristics can be understood as if a certain performance exceeds the specified requirements (negative impact), it will cause the entire product to lose its function or have a fatal impact on safety.
For example, battery capacity and internal resistance are both critical quality characteristics
12: Responsibilities and Obligations
This is easy to understand.
As the saying goes, you can do whatever you say. In your daily work, you just need to do what you should do.
13: Training Finally, find someone
In fact, this is also a behavior. But we need to think ahead.
"Start with education and end with education" is the famous saying of Japanese Kaoru Ishikawa.
I don’t like the word “education”. I feel like training is better. Quality personnel, grassroots operators (especially key quality characteristics processes - key processes), and personnel in special positions must be trained and qualified for employment.
Getting paid
This is also the most direct answer to the question "What are we thinking?" Our ultimate goal is quality of life.
The above are all our thoughts. I will only summarize them. You can expand and continue to delve deeper.
Slide 8:
How should we behave?
Also lists a few words. Control plan, process requirements, work instructions, morale, equipment maintenance, self-inspection, mutual inspection and special inspection, timely reporting, improvement methods, doing things right the first time and 5S on-site marking
Also one by one Explain:
1: Control plan
The team leader sitting here should remember this control plan. The control plan describes the control measures required at each stage of the process. And we should pay attention to the implementation of methods and measures in actual work.
2: Process file
This is most directly related to our daily work. Every time a model is produced, the process file must be checked. It stipulates the steps required for the product, as well as the size, appearance and performance. requirements. And stipulates its tolerance requirements. It is a direct result of product planning.
3: The homework instruction book
is made after controlling the plan. It teaches us what to do and how to do it.
4: Morale
is very important.
What I often say is: "Don't bring your bad emotions to your work." It is also something that needs to be tabooed at work.
Let us give you an example:
On the eve of the Spring Festival last year, how many people were depressed because they could not go home. Everyone here can think about your emotions at that time. .
A person’s mood is at its highest on the eve of a holiday, and it is also the time when a person is least in the mood to work.
During the week, a curve with low ends and high middle is formed.
Another aspect: Incentives are more effective than any punishment, and the cheapest reward is based on praise.
Everyone wants to be affirmed. Because people have this psychological need to be affirmed. (Expand the scientific behavior theory a little)
So I suggest every team leader not to complain blindly when your employees make mistakes. A word of comfort is more effective than any punishment or warning. You might as well give it a try. An improvement in your management skills.
5: Equipment maintenance
Nothing can be achieved without equipment in the production and manufacturing industry, just like a person's two arms and two legs.
If these two parts are useless, what else do you think you can do?
Therefore, the equipment needs to be maintained.
Equipment maintenance includes 1: preventive maintenance and predictive maintenance.
Preventive maintenance is the implementation of the most basic requirements for equipment, such as spare parts and lubricating oil.
Predictive maintenance requires the analysis of daily SPC results. In our company, this work is completed by engineers, so I won’t talk about it directly. As long as you follow the precautions in the equipment instruction manual, you will be fine.
6: Self-inspection, mutual inspection and special inspection
In the quality management system, it is called the three-inspection system
Self-inspection is to review the results of your own work. Mutual inspection of upper and lower processes or between different operators of similar processes. Special inspections are mostly completed by QC.
7: Timely reporting
Obligations and responsibilities were discussed in advance. This timely report is also your responsibility, which reflects a function of quality management. Here we regard the tower as an item in actual action.
Even if a small problem occurs, as long as you cannot solve it, you must report it to your leader or on-site engineer in time to avoid major hidden dangers.
8: Improvement methods
An eternal topic, improvement never ends.
Everyone, think about it. Is there a better way to do your process? and bring it up.
9: Do things right the first time
It may be inappropriate to put this sentence here, but I can't find a more appropriate classification.
This sentence is the famous saying of Mr. Crosby, an American quality expert, and is the guiding ideology of zero defects.
We know it’s most economical to do things right the first time.
What I want to say in particular is that I hope everyone will regard this sentence as their own standard of conduct in future life and work. It is helpful to you personally.
10: On-site 5S
Everyone does this work every day, sorting out cleaning habits.
The first four S’s are action-oriented and pragmatic; the following habits are pragmatic and are the direct behavioral results of the first four S’s.
I understand 5S in one sentence: "housework" management in the factory. You don't get a second chance to make a first impression.
11: Make a good mark
Very important. It can also be regarded as a part of Kanban management, the purpose of which is to give a clearer signal to others and yourself.
The identification of product status prevents unintended use of substandard products, and the identification of equipment status prevents misuse and mixed use of equipment. etc.
So now, the first two parts have been finished.
From thinking to action, I hope everyone will constrain themselves by a criterion, think more about why, and work hard to achieve good results, or quality results.
Let’s talk about the quality of the results: (ninth slide)
It goes without saying that if you have done well or worked hard in the previous step, God of nature (enterprise, Customers, your own conscience) will favor you.
The last slide: I used some characters to describe the "quality people in your eyes"
Doctor: contains 2 characters
A doctor who treats diseases
Health doctor
Police: also includes 2 characters
Police who catch thieves
Fire alarm
All-purpose Warrior: (Nezha’s image)
In your opinion, let’s think about what role our colleagues in the quality department play.
Thank you everyone!