Nowadays, many international sports are no longer divided into "amateur" and "professional". However, due to the misunderstanding of direct physical confrontation boxing for a long time, there are still two different boxing forms-amateur boxing and professional boxing. Professional boxing and amateur boxing have great differences in sports level and competition rules, as well as in the nature, time, protection, scope, publicity and judgment of the event.
Difference 1: the nature of the competition is different.
The competition in which professional boxers take part is purely a commercial entertainment activity. Boxers fight to make money. Regardless of the boxer's performance in the competition, as long as he enters the boxing ring and does not violate the rules of the competition, after the competition, the boxer can get the reward agreed by both parties in advance. The remuneration of professional boxers varies greatly according to the level of boxers and their influence in boxing. Generally speaking, heavyweight boxers have the highest salary, followed by middleweight, with less light and small grades. Boxers worth tens of millions of dollars are like Tai Sen in his heyday, Roy Hodgson and Louis before retirement. Now, due to the lack of a strong star champion in the heavyweight, the middleweight Hoya ranks first and is worth more than all heavyweight champions.
Because professional boxers regard boxing as a way of life, the reward he gets in the competition is the economic guarantee for survival and training to continue to participate. At the same time, he must also pay for coaches, sparring partners, doctors and other personnel related to training and competition. Moreover, according to the relevant laws of the United States, professional boxers must have agents to arrange competitions, and boxers themselves cannot sign any competition agreements with other boxers privately. Therefore, under the contract constraint of the broker, the boxer's events and actions will be bound and restricted to a certain extent. Brokers can help boxers gain and safeguard their own interests, which has a great influence on their future development, so boxers try their best to find the best brokers for themselves. Of course, in the end, the agent will get a certain percentage from the remuneration of each game (according to relevant laws, the income of the agent shall not exceed 33% of the remuneration of the boxer).
The boxer's qualification to challenge the champion is obtained after numerous ranking wars, competitions and ranking promotion. It's not who the boxer wants to fight, but who you fight to interest the audience.
Amateur boxing, with the purpose of exercising, improving sports skills and enhancing friendship, has been advancing and developing towards sports. The competition that amateur boxers participate in represents a country or region, and the technical level of the sport reflects the comprehensive strength of a country or region to carry out this sport. The fighters only get medals, but they are not paid. The organization hosting the competition will not give any money to the winning athletes. Boxers' expenses for participating in the competition are all funded by the governments of participating countries, and athletes usually receive government salaries. The highest level of amateur boxing is the boxing competition in the Olympic Games, and the World Championships and Intercontinental Championships are official events of the International Amateur Boxing Federation. Boxers who have won medals in these competitions are awarded different degrees in their countries or regions according to their actual conditions, because they represent the honor of their countries or regions.
Difference 2: the time of the game is different.
First of all, it is reflected in the number of rounds of the game. There are many rounds in professional boxing, and the time is naturally long. Because it is a commercial activity, it must meet the audience's viewing needs and the time guarantee equal to the ticket value. There is no limit to the number of rounds in the initial stage of professional boxing, and it is not over until one party loses its resistance and gives up. The competition is quite cruel. What happened afterwards? Suck; と? Is it worth stepping on? Even? Are the testicles fresh? What? Pray for a rare testicle # to protect the stem and inner layer? Stop? What is your test? Hold on. Sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry. Do you dare to be clever in summer? Is it? Dental caries? Drunk moon o? [14] risk? Ding? Hey? Fried? What do you think of Joe? What is this? Follow Bao Zheng's teaching and pray that the testicles are hot? I don't care about rake, etc. Suntan ditch man? Hey? Hey? See the tolerance? What's the point? Are you shocked? Hey? Even? Are the testicles fresh? Hey? Keep the testicles thin 3? Hey? Rise? Waste Wei for heat? Paguanidine? Yingbao is not a virtuous man? Hey? Is it hot? Hey? Hey? Jiaozi? Smart. Is it hot? A man? Are you allowed to pull the foundation ⅲ, ⅲ and ⅲ to ensure safety? /P & gt；
In order to meet the requirements of the audience and cable network customers, a total of 40 rounds must be organized in each boxing championship. Therefore, in a regular championship, you must find 3 ~ 4 pairs of boxers who play mats to meet the time requirements of boxing organizations. Professional boxing competition lasts for 3 minutes each round, with rest 1 minute. If you play the whole game for 47 minutes, and the boxer actually plays in the ring for 36 minutes, it will be a very severe test for the boxer's endurance and will.
Amateur boxing for 3 rounds and 3 minutes; 5 rounds and 2 minutes; At present, the 2-minute 4-turn system is implemented, with the intermission 1 minute and the whole competition system 1 1 minute. The actual fighting time is only 8 minutes, only a little more than the two rounds of professional boxers. This short-term competition is a way for amateur boxers to improve their respect for attack power because they wear too many protective gear and lack appreciation, which increases the fierce scene of the competition to some extent.
Difference 3: Wear protection is different.
The most obvious sign of a professional boxer in a match is bare arms, no helmet and only shorts. Shorts come in a variety of forms and colors. The boxer's only protection is to bite the tray in his mouth, and the rest can only be done by the boxer himself with the help of defensive techniques and his own combat ability. The biggest purpose of this is to meet the business needs, and the audience can feel the most primitive and real impulse from these most intuitive, intense and wonderful confrontations. Therefore, there have always been two completely different views on boxing (not just professional boxing): some people look at barbarism and others look at art. These two views are incompatible and have been debated for a long time, so the call for canceling Olympic boxing has never stopped. Or the former president of the Olympic Committee put it well when he publicly replied to the Pope and British parliamentarians calling for the abolition of boxing more than 20 years ago: cars are an indispensable means of transportation for contemporary human production and life. Should we stop producing or using cars because of the misfortune caused by car accidents? So boxing entered the Olympic Games from 1904, and 100 has been the key event of the Olympic Games for years.
Professional boxers not only have simple protection, but also have lighter boxing gloves than amateur boxers. They pursue knockout scenes in the competition and have more injuries than amateur boxers.
Amateur boxing attaches great importance to the safety of fighters. Boxers not only bite their teeth like professional boxers, but also wear helmets and vests and use more primitive boxing gloves than professional boxers. Most of the competitions are divided into winners and losers, and there are few knockouts or disparities, and athletes are not allowed to have any tattoos and patterns.
Difference 4: the order of magnitude is different.
Because professional boxing has relatively few protection measures for boxers because of its commercial nature, the competition time on the field is longer. Therefore, the world boxing organization has very strict standards for the division of scales, especially the light and small levels. The weight difference between the scales is only about 1 kg, which is slightly wider among the major scales, but even the lightweight scale with the largest weight difference of 79.4 kg has a difference of 6.8 kg. Professional boxing ranges from 48kg to over 86.2kg at 17 level, with a difference of 38kg, with an average of only 2.2kg at each level.
Professional boxers can participate in the ranking matches of several boxing organizations at the same time. Boxers who win championships at all levels are called "champions", and the gold belt is a symbol of the title of champion. Generally, boxers who can get the opportunity to compete with champions are ranked first in boxing organizations and are qualified to challenge. There are champions at every level, and excellent boxers can have the opportunity to unify the titles of several boxing organizations at the same level, such as Lewis and Hopkins. Boxers can fight across levels, provided that their weight meets the requirements, and at the same time, they must give up all the honors and rankings you obtained in the original level.
Compared with professional boxing, amateur boxing is much looser. Because the boxer's competition system is short and the protection measures are complete, the division of magnitude is not as fine as that of professional boxing. There were 12 orders of magnitude before the Olympic Games. The range from 8 1 kg to 9 1 kg reaches 10 kg, and from 48 kg to 9 1kg, there is a gap of 43 kg, with a difference of 3.6 kg at each level. In order to meet the needs of Olympic sports reform, the International Amateur Boxing Federation has decided at the Cairo Conference to change the current Olympic level from 65,438+02 to 65,438+065,438+0, and to reduce the original level of 63.5,67,765,438+0 to 64,69 kg.
Difference 5: packaging and publicity methods are different.
Professional boxing is about making money. Boxing brokers dare to invest in boxers and promoters dare to spend money on these large-scale events, which is to generate high returns for boxing competitions. After a boxer enters the professional boxing world, it is very important to establish prestige and expand influence in the circle. The more influential a boxer is, the more market appeal he has.
After the sponsors signed up for the event, they began to spare no effort to publicize and promote activities, parades and create various forms of news release to announce the true and false information of boxers and boxing matches. The purpose is to expand the coverage of the event, sell tickets and attract cable TV customers to pay dividends. In order to meet the needs of commercial activities, mobilize the audience's emotions and increase the warm atmosphere, professional boxing is more important than magic in the boxer's appearance ceremony. For example, the appearance ceremony of "Prince" Hamid is more important than watching boxing. At the beginning of the professional championship, the challenger comes out first. After the challenger enters the arena, the champion appears in the crowd with a gold belt around his waist. Now, it is also recognized by boxing organizations, and it raises its hand over its head in a strict way. Before the competition, the champion gave the gold belt to the referee, who then gave it to the representative of the World Boxing Organization for safekeeping. If the champion successfully defends his title, the gold belt will continue to belong to the champion. If you lose, the golden belt will be awarded to the new champion who challenges successfully. Any champion who defends for four consecutive years will be awarded a beautiful and expensive official gold belt (worth about $5,000) at a special ceremony and will have this belt for life; The defending world champion for three consecutive years was awarded the special medal of honor by the World Boxing Organization.
During the break time of 1 minute, the female college students with excellent appearance selected in advance walked around the field wearing passionate but not gaudy three-point clothes and holding circular ordinal cards. First, they count the audience. The second is to ease the tension.
Amateur boxing competition is not as complicated as the appearance ceremony and promotion before and after the game. Even if there is no audience at the scene, the game will continue. Because Olympic boxing officials and athletes only pay attention to the fairness of ranking and competition process, whether the competition can be profitable is not their consideration. The medals won by athletes in the last competition need not be brought to the present competition. In a word, amateur boxing lacks the commercial concentration of professional boxing.
Difference 6: The referee's score is different
Professional boxing has 1 on-court referees and 3 off-court scoring referees. Three judges sat in three different directions around the ring and scored by hand. After each round of competition, the referee will collect his own scores for the boxers and send them to the representatives of the boxing association, who will summarize them in the total score table. Once the judges decide on a round of competition, there is no chance to change and adjust it to keep the score fair. The scoring system of professional boxing is 10, the winner 10, and the loser has at least 6 points.
The scoring standard of professional boxing competition is based on the quality of hitting boxing, whether the hitting boxing is accurate, powerful, perfect and impactful, and it can be divided into heavy hitting and light hitting. Backhand straight fist, up-and-down hook, swing, cross fist, powerful jab and other obvious hits on the important parts of the opponent are regarded as heavy punches. The putter includes two powerful flicks equivalent to 1 time and three flicks equivalent to 1 time. The purpose of distinguishing severity is to reflect the fairness and objectivity of scoring.
In professional boxing, the knocked-down boxer stood up three seconds before the referee read it on the stage and only lost 1 minute; If you get up after 3 seconds, subtract 2 points; If you are knocked down several times in the same round, the highest score of losing is 4 points; If he can't get up after being knocked down 10 seconds, the referee can decide that he is knocked down and loses the game. In professional boxing, if there is no restriction of three knockouts in advance, the referee on the stage thinks that the knockout has not caused much influence on the boxer, and the game can continue; If the referee on the stage thinks that the boxer has lost the ability to resist, or the degree of injury has been recognized by the medical supervisor of the stadium, and that the game will cause harm to the boxer, the game can be terminated in time.
In amateur boxing, there are 1 referees on the stage and 5 referees under the stage. Two referees sit on the same side of the boxing ring opposite the arbitration commission, and the other three referees sit in the middle of the other three sides of the boxing ring. The referee scores by pressing the computer scorer. In order to ensure the safety of the fighters, the amateur boxing Federation stipulates: 1. If there is a big difference in the strength of the fighters between the two sides, the referee can terminate the game and decide that the winner wins; Second, when the boxer is hit hard, the referee should count to 8 immediately. Even if the boxer returned to normal eight seconds ago and raised his hand to show that he could continue the fight, the referee on the stage still needed to count to eight seconds. Thirdly, in a round of competition, if the boxer is forced to count seconds three times or four times in the whole competition, the referee can stop the competition and judge the knockout as the winner. If the knockdown can't stand up in 10 seconds or lose the ability to compete even if he stands up, the referee will terminate the game.
Although both professional boxing and amateur boxing have strict rules and restrictions, there are obvious differences in law enforcement scale: professional boxing is determined by its commercial nature. In order to cater to the audience's tastes and mobilize the emotions on the field, the referee made the scene of the game fierce and hot, and rarely punished the actions that were obviously fouls, such as pushing, pushing and grabbing, and pursued the final knockout, so professional boxers had dramatic effects in terms of technology and physical fitness.
Amateur boxing is different. Although there is no temptation of high salary, each contestant represents a country and region in the war, and the honor won cannot be measured by money. Therefore, in order to ensure the smooth progress of the competition and embody the principle that participation is the most important part of Olympic justice and fairness, the judges on the stage are meticulous in implementing the rules of the competition. Any violation should be punished immediately, ranging from warning and deduction, to stopping the competition or disqualification.
The identity boundaries between professional boxers and amateur boxers are also clear. The International Amateur Boxing Federation clearly stipulates that professional boxers are not allowed to participate in amateur boxing competitions, and amateur boxers are not allowed to participate in professional boxing competitions. If an amateur boxer takes part in a professional competition, it means that he automatically gives up his identity as an amateur boxer. The famous Cuban boxers Stevenson and Savan are loved by the Cuban people because they are willing to give up the temptation of American professional boxing and the opportunity to get rich personally for the honor of the Cuban people. They have represented Cuba as amateur boxers in the Olympic Games three times and won heavyweight boxing gold medals for Cuba three times, showing their great strength and noble personality charm. As for the $65,438+0,000 that don king induced Stevenson to beat Ali, Stevenson famously said: "How can $65,438+0,000 be compared with the brilliance of 65,438+0,000 Cubans!"
But we still have to see that in the eyes of most boxers, becoming a professional champion is their life value. Many professional boxing champions have accumulated some experience in amateur boxing competitions, or entered the professional boxing world after winning medals in the Olympic Games, and became professional boxing stars after several years of training. Like Ali, Foreman, Lewis, Lao Huo, Jones, Hoya, etc. They all won Olympic boxing medals. Although the safety measures of professional boxers are simple, the competition is cruel and fierce, and even injuries often occur, and it is common to have cracked eyebrows and swollen noses after a boxing match, boxers are still very willing to join professional boxing in the face of the temptation of hundreds of thousands, millions or even tens of millions of dollars.
There are many differences between professional boxing and amateur boxing in details, but through the comparison and understanding of the above six aspects, everyone will have a brand-new boxing concept for the same sport and different styles of play.