China's bureaucratic groups are mostly literati, but they have no interest in these advanced technologies, and they think they are mysterious and smart. The old and fatuous Emperor Qianlong thought that China was rich in natural resources and could be self-sufficient. He refused Britain's trade requirements and did not allow private foreign trade. Only thirteen banks in Guangzhou are allowed to trade as agents, which seriously derails China's social development from the world and causes poverty and backwardness. After more than 40 years, he was forced to open the door and passively integrated into the World Trade Organization.

After Peter I, the Russian Empire had pioneering spirit. Peter I launched a war against Sweden, seized a large area of land along the Baltic Sea, built the new capital St. Petersburg, and opened the window to Europe. Catherine the Great developed to the south and west, and the Russian-Turkish war won the estuary in the direction of the Black Sea and divided Poland three times. 186 1 year, tsar Alexander carried out the reform of abolishing serfdom, allowing serfs to own their own land and develop capitalism in an all-round way. Two top-down reforms by Russians have transformed Russian society into a modern country. At this time, the Qing Empire was at sunset, and science, technology, culture and education were completely backward.

With the gradual strength of Russia, it soon embarked on the road of outward expansion. In the seventeenth century, it had spread to a vast area of Siberia and clashed with the Qing Dynasty. At this time, the strength of the tsar was not enough to challenge the Qing empire. Through border negotiations, the two sides signed the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar and the Treaty of Chaktu to define the border, but the tsarist empire did not give up its territorial ambitions for China.

1858, Russia sent troops to smash the Aihui Treaty signed by Yishan, the general of Heilongjiang Province, and occupied more than 600,000 square kilometers of land south of Xing 'an Mountains outside the north of Heilongjiang Province. In the Second Asian Film War, Russian bears took advantage of the fire to rob, forcing the Qing government to sign the "Beijing Treaty" and occupying about 400,000 square kilometers of China land east of the Wusuli River. In addition, it also occupied more than 400,000 square kilometers of China land east of Balkhash Lake in the northwest, and Russia occupied1500,000 square kilometers of China land.

In the era of the law of the jungle, the status of a country is determined by its strength, and it will be beaten if it falls behind. The Qing Dynasty closed its doors to the outside world and banned non-governmental trade, which made China's social development backward in an all-round way and made it a sacrificial lamb. The lessons of history are very profound. Fortunately, we dare to live in a good era. In recent years, China society has developed through reform and opening up, and has stepped onto the pace of the world again, becoming the second largest economy in the world.